HomeMy WebLinkAboutFile Documents.1007 E Durant Ave.0078.2019 (2).ARBK
Studio M Engineers, LLC
May 6, 2019
Re: 1007 East Durant Ave., Aspen Colorado Hot Tub Patio Surface
To Whom It May Concern:
My office was contacted by Mike Kuhn, acting general contractor, and asked to inspect
the framing conditions discovered during a partial intrusive investigation into a roof leak
discovered on a 2nd level hot tub platform located over a parking area at the address
above. Apparently water was noticed in the light fixture at some point in the past. After
further investigation it was found that spot locations in a waterproof (bitchuthane )
membrane deck had failed, creating a structural framing deterioration issue in spot
locations.
The purpose of my involvement was to identify how much concrete topping can be safely
reinstalled on the renovated deck system, and if any deck framing members (wall or
ceiling) needed to be improved, abandoned or replaced so they can safely support the
anticipated design loads typical of this type of occupancy and use.
Project Description: The hot tub deck is located on the South side (back) of 1007 East
Durant. The deck is located one story above ground level, over several parking spots. The
deck surface had been removed at the time of my inspection. A layer of pre existing
bitchuthane was visible (see photo below). The contactor reported that at least 5 inches of
concrete topping were removed, which was noted as being different than the plans the
contractor had located for the original build, which indicated a concrete topping thickness
of 1. ½ inches. It should be noted that the framing conditions discovered in the field were
completely different than the framing conditions shown on the out dated set of prints used
for the original construction.
Photo NO. 1
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Observations: During the contractor’s investigation into the water leak, several deck
support joists, rim board, parapet wall, and deck plywood were noted as having areas of
moisture deterioration. Deterioration amounts varied from minor stains to complete
degradation (no structural integrity). Deterioration was most severe in areas where the
privacy fence post supports extended through the deck. The membrane did not extend to
the top of the concrete surface, but rather stopped short. The moisture was able to
penetrate through these points and saturated the framing below, causing fairly extensive
deterioration (see photos).
Photo NO. 2
Photo NO. 3
Rim
Deterioration
Joist
Deterioration
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Photo NO. 4
Photo NO. 5
Complete
deterioration
Of the Rim Board
Joist End
Deterioration
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Framing conditions: The 432 sq. foot deck (approx) is framed with a 14 inch BCI 650
joist product (2. 5/16” flange) at a spacing of 12 inches on center. BCI 650’s are an I Joist
product made by Boise Cascade that has since been replaced by a product known as a
BCI 6500.
A double joist was situated below the north south oriented parapet walls. A double 14
inch LVL was situated at the exterior edges (West and East) of the deck system. The
members supported an 18” cantilever roof overhang. The roof is a 5:12 over-framed
system that covers the 95 ft area (approx) located on the east and west sides of the 2nd
level deck. The deck is geometrically characterized by a T-shape (long ‘vertical’ narrow
section on the south) configuration. Joists over the long span slope approximately ¼ inch
per foot. Joists in the short span condition have a built up plywood taper system directing
moisture towards the long slope area.
The joists are single span and are supported by a W10x30 steel beam with wood nailer
plate located where the deck widens from 11’-10” to 23’-2”. An 88”x88”x36” spa
(Jacuzzi Model) with an estimated weight of just under 3,500 lbs will be situated over the
deck in the north east corner. The joist span in this area is 9’-2”. Joists in this area are
well within the load specifications given by the manufacturer, even with the fully filled
spa and 4 inches of concrete topping. It should be noted that the connection of the joists
to the house was not visible at the time of my inspection and cannot be commented on
during this report.
Recommendations: The observable areas of decay I could see during my inspection
were inspected, probed and photographed. Probing occurred with a pen knife. It is my
understanding that additional decay in the plywood decking and the parapet walls was
discovered after my inspection, once portions of these elements were removed. For this
reason, the contractor will need to be on the look out for newly discovered areas of decay
that remain hidden until floor sheathing (or any construction components) is removed.
Decay in joists in leaky floor or roof systems typically begin at the area of water
intrusion, which is usually on the top surface. This surface is commonly hidden from
view until the floor sheathing is removed. If there is any question at to the integrity of a
member, my office should be called and a diagnosis can be reached through a phone
directed field probing exercise in combination with some photographic correspondence.
At the time of this report, the members noticed during my inspection that are in need of
being companioned and abandoned are identified in the attached drawing labeled 3.A
which is attached to this report.
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Replace, Repair or Abandon: The ceiling joists of the car port (i.e. the hot tub deck
floor system) are difficult to remove without causing unintended secondary damage to the
floor sheathing to which they are fastened. I would recommend that the members with
substantial decay (to the point where they need to be companioned) be abandoned
(remain in place), with extremely decayed segments cut out in an effort to prevent future
micro-bacterial growth or further decay to new members. Unsupported member ends
should be avoided by screwing member ends to full length, new companion members.
The weight of abandoned members is negligible. New members need to be
adequately fastened from above (through the sheathing) with an 8d nail at a spacing of no
more than 12 inches on center.
In situations were the members are completely destroyed (parapet wall segments and rim
board) I would recommend complete replacement. In areas with surface staining (no fiber
deterioration), the members can remain.
Analysis: The existing framing was analyzed assuming 100% non decayed members
under a 4 inch thick cast in place concrete topping over drain mat over hot tar membrane
over insulation over ¾” untreated (or treated) plywood. If treated plywood is used,
fasteners need to comply with the faster manufacturers recommendations for treated
material. Snow loads used in design were 75 psf (roof snow load). Drifting effects were
considered for the portions of deck adjacent parapet walls and 2nd story-to-roof walls near
the hot tub area. Drift loads range from 20 psf to an additional 75 psf. Drifting patterns
are trapezoidal (taper to zero) in accordance with the ASCE 7-10 Chapter 7 Figure 7-8.
Deflection limits were set to the values shown in the IRC 2015 Table R301.7. It should
be noted that the floor joist limitations in this table are the same as they were in 2001,
during the original build of 1007 East Durant, i.e. span /360. This means the long span
joists would be expected to deflect 5/8 inches before they would reach 100% capacity in
deflection.
With the full design loads required by the City of Aspen, it was noted that a majority of
the wood framed joists are required to perform at near full capacity in order for the
system to support the floor assembly described above. The limiting design criteria was
deflection (the degree to which a structural element is displaced under load). Bending
capacities were noted as being generally around 80% capacity. For this reason, it is
important that any decay extent in members intended to remain and perform be limited to
staining of external surfaces only. The fiber decay of any web or flange of any joist
would without a doubt lead to an overstress situation in deflection.
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Deflection failure would be characterized by floor performance such as deflection,
bounce, and superficial cracking of the concrete in areas not characterized by control
joints. Deflection failure is not typically associated with system collapse (i.e. life safety
issues), although in extreme situations it can redirect drainage, cause ponding and
accelerate waterproofing failures.
Slab Characteristics: The original specification on the 1007 East Durant plans showing
1. ½” topping thickness was most likely abandoned because thin toppings in this
mountain climate tend to rapidly disintegrate. I would recommend a 4 inch (uniform) cast
in place slab thickness. The specification is attached to this report. Particular attention
should be made in regards to the control joints. The joints are important in regards to
controlling the cracking caused by curing and thermal movements. Cracking of the slab is
unavoidable (but not unmanageable), because of the geometrically changing nature of
cured concrete (moisture leaving, slab shrinking), in combination with a host of other
factors.
Minor cracking in the slab is considered normal. Per the nationally recognized code
standard for concrete construction, the ACI 302.1R, even with the best slab designs and
proper construction, it is unrealistic to expect completely crack-free and curl-free slab
results. ACI Section 3.2.5 specifies that random cracking should be expected in slab
construction; a reasonable level being as much as 3% of the slab panel. A panel is defined
as the region between control joints. Recommended control joints are shown on the
attached sketch labeled sheet S2.0.
The slab cracking can be caused by one or more of the following:
• Too much water or water added during construction
• To high of a cement content in the concrete mix
• Accelerated curing as a result of hot and/or dry weather during curing
• Concrete mix design
• Improper location of reinforcement in the slab depth (lower than upper 3rd of slab
depth)
• surface friction on the slab bottom (‘gripping’ slab base during curing)
• slab thickness (to thin)
• shrinkage restraints (pouring tight to foundation walls)
• location of contraction and control joints (spaced to far or improperly cut)
• structure deflection
• moisture intrusion followed by a freeze-spall effect
Based on ACI 302.1R section 3.2.5 every effort should be made to avoid pouring slabs
tight to any other element of structure. According to the ACI, restraint, from any source,
whether internal or external, will increase the potential for random cracking. It should be
noted here that the slab will be a radiant slab (heated).
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LIMITATIONS:
• The areas that I observed were readily accessible using conventional means of
access and observation. Likewise, framing and structural system deficiencies that
were hidden behind finishes or obstructed from readily available points of visible
access may exist, and would similarly invalidate the conclusions in this report.
Such anomalies should be reported as they are discovered.
• Unless indicated otherwise, my comments or lack thereof, do not indicate an
approval of existing structural systems or an indicator of future structural
movement or lack thereof.
• No warranty is either implied or expressed.
• The foam insulation specification for the material below the cast in place 4 inch
thick radiant concrete slab is beyond my area of expertise and scope. It is
considered a non structural component.
• The foam needs to be protected from water intrusion, saturation and absorption
throughout the life of the structure.
• The 4 inch thick radiant concrete slab is not considered a water proof element.
The slab will crack. Cracks will not be water proof. Moisture is fully anticipated
to penetrate the slab, travel to the membrane and be redirected through controlled
and well thought out and controlled paths that direct the moisture away from
susceptible systems (i.e. wood framing etc).
• The following services are beyond scope architecture, site plans, energy studies,
building component assembly descriptions, land surveying, civil, geotechnical,
electrical, mechanical, heating ventilating and air conditioning plumbing, site
grading, or acoustical engineering, architectural issues including, but not limited
to, site location, access, egress, zoning conformance, stairs, guardrails,
water-proofing, insulation, architectural plans, elevations, sections, and
schedules.
This concludes this report. Please contact my office with any questions or comments.
Sincerely,
Michael J. Baca, PE NCEES
Principal, Studio M Engineers LLC
Enclosures: Sheet 1A,2A,3A,4A
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05/08/2019SEE NOTES #1 PLANS05/13/2019justinhThis sheet hasbeen updated,see additionalinformation/clarification
05/08/2019SEE NOTES #1 PLANS05/13/2019justinhThis sheet hasbeen updated,see additionalinformation/clarification