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HomeMy WebLinkAboutFile Documents.211 Cottonwood Ln.0062.2019 (17).ARBK ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 826 ½ Grand Avenue, Glenwood Springs, CO 81601 P: 970.945.5544 F: 970.945.5558 www.mountaincross-eng.com May 10, 2019 Mr. Sam Barney 211 Cottonwood Lane Aspen, CO 81611 RE: Urban Runoff Management Plan – Barney Residence, 211 Cottonwood Lane Dear Mr. Barney: The purpose of this correspondence is to evaluate the reconstruction of the residence at 211 Cottonwood Lane, from a storm water perspective and provide design recommendations pertaining to urban runoff management for incorporation into the site design. These recommendations were generated from the site plans that were submitted to our office and a site visit performed on July 17, 2018. Attached are plan sheets that show the design recommendations and details. Also attached are the drainage calculations that were generated. The project is at elevation of approximately 7935 feet above sea level and is in the Smuggler Trailer park subdivision. An existing residence exists on the project site. The project proposes to raze the existing building and construct a new residence. Ultimately runoff from the site will travel to the Roaring Fork River through a series of roadside conveyances and storm drain appurtenances. Runoff from snowmelt is typically very large in volume but because it happens over a much longer time period, the peak flows are usually less than a rainfall event. Also, the Urban Runoff Management Plan states that they are not necessary at this time. Therefore storm water is defined in this study to be surface water that is a direct result from a rainfall event. No major irrigation structures cross the site. To our knowledge, no drainage reports specific to 211 Cottonwood Lane have been done prior. The project is located greater than 100’ from any mapped floodplain boundaries. Storm water from the site is evaluated in accordance with the standards of applicable sections of the City of Aspen, Urban Runoff Management Plan (Code). All flows are listed in units of cubic feet per second (cfs) unless otherwise noted. Methodology The design of a drainage plan begins with a calculation of the flowrate of water that will be produced from a rainfall event. Since the watershed basins are small (less than 90 acres), per the Code, the Rational method was used for estimating the amount of runoff that will occur. This method calculates runoff (Q) in cubic feet per second (cfs) from basin area (A) in acres, runoff coefficient (C), and rainfall intensity (I) in inches per hour: Q = C * I * A 05/15/2019 211 Cottonwood Lane May, 2019 Page 2 of 5 Mountain Cross Engineering, Inc. Civil and Environmental Consulting and Design 826 ½ Grand Avenue, Glenwood Springs, CO 81601 P: 970.945.5544 F: 970.945.5558 www.mountaincross-eng.com When acres and inches per hour are used as the units, the conversion into cubic feet per second is 1.008 but is usually ignored and it has been here. The runoff coefficient is a dimensionless coefficient. Basin Area Drainage basins have the characteristic that any precipitation falling within that area will drain to the same point of discharge. The project basins were delineated from project topography, project site plan, and building architecture. Runoff Coefficient A runoff coefficient is assigned to each basin that gives a relationship between the amount of precipitation that becomes surface water and the amount of water that is lost to infiltration, evaporation, or transpiration. The runoff coefficient is a function of drainage basin soil types, surface area, and/or land-use. Because the land-use and the surface cover often vary through the project, a composite coefficient is often assigned to each drainage basin, based on the weight of the areas and their respective coefficients. Rainfall Intensity Rainfall intensity is determined from intensity duration frequency curves, or IDF curves. IDF curves are graphs of, more or less parallel, frequency curves that yield rainfall intensities based on storm durations. Frequency: The return frequency of a rainfall storm is the statistical probability that a given storm event will occur on average in a given period. For instance a 100- year storm has the statistical probability of occurring once in a 100 year span or it has a 1% chance of occurring in any given year. It is important to emphasize that it is based on probability statistics and therefore does not reflect actual storm frequency. Storms of a 100-year magnitude can occur in sequential years, even in the same year. The return frequency of design is chosen and then referred to as the design storm. Duration: The duration of a storm is chosen to coincide with the time of concentration. Per the Code, the FAA Overland flow equation was used to estimate the time of concentration. The parameters needed to determine the flow elements include length, slope, and the Rational runoff coefficient. The theory states that if the duration is equal to the time of concentration, the length of time will be adequate for the entire basin to contribute flow. Analysis Project basins were delineated based on a site visit to review existing conditions, aerial photography, roof lines, site grading, roads, project topography, and proposed and existing buildings. The site has Cottonwood Lane with a storm drain system and curb inlet to the south. 05/15/2019 211 Cottonwood Lane May, 2019 Page 3 of 5 Mountain Cross Engineering, Inc. Civil and Environmental Consulting and Design 826 ½ Grand Avenue, Glenwood Springs, CO 81601 P: 970.945.5544 F: 970.945.5558 www.mountaincross-eng.com To the west and east are adjacent residences with a zero setback from the property lines. The property to the north trespass flow onto the subject property. The general topography of the site has north to south flow direction into Cottonwood Lane. This defines the one drainage basin that was delineated and remains the same for existing and proposed. The existing property is largely impervious and has a roof, shed, flagstone patio, and asphalt parking area. Landscaped areas make up the rest. The proposed residence proposes to use a green roof and largely replace the hardscape and flagstone with permeable pavers. The smaller portion of the roof will be solar panels. Roof gutters will have downspouts that will discharge onto the permeable pavers. Runoff has been directed as surface flow over permeable surfaces rather than impervious conveyances. Runoff coefficients were determined based on site soils and percentage imperviousness, per the appropriate figures in the Code. Permeable pavers and the green roof were assumed to be 50% impervious. The hydrologic soil group was determined from Figure 3.1 and based on the project location is, “C”. Based on the corresponding Figure 3.3 the applicable coefficients were determined and are shown in the attached calculations. The parameters for calculating the time of concentration were determined from the site, slope, length, and land uses. The time of concentrations for the site basins that were used are between 7 and 11 minutes. The calculations are attached. The rainfall intensities were determined by using the appropriate storm curve, duration to match the time of concentration, and the IDF curve provided in the Code for the City of Aspen. The basin flow rates were calculated based on the Rational Method described in the Code for the historic, existing, and proposed conditions. The calculations are: Basin Area Coefficient Flow Description (acres) (cfs) Historic - 100 yr 0.122 0.50 0.28 Existing - 100 yr 0.122 0.63 0.42 Proposed 100 yr 0.122 0.61 0.39 Due to the proactive effort to reduce impervious areas, proposed flows decrease from the existing condition. Since the Smuggler Trailer Park is in an unresolved area as far as capacity of storm drain system is concerned, the City has required detention. The detention volume was calculated from the FAA Procedure described in the Code. Due to the increase of proposed flows from the historic condition, the detention volume that is required is 64 cubic feet. The Owner intends to offset detention volume by providing rain barrels per the amount allotted by House Bill 16-1005 of 110 gallons, or 14.7 cubic feet. Rain barrels fill during a storm and capture the first 110 gallons of runoff. Larger storm events that exceed 110 gallons would overflow. The water stored in the rain barrels would typically be emptied manually between storms as needed for watering plants. This would drop the detention requirements to 49.3 cubic feet that will be provided in the permeable pavers discussed under the “Water Quality” section. The calculations are attached. Rain barrels will be emptied within 72 hours following a storm event. 05/15/2019 211 Cottonwood Lane May, 2019 Page 4 of 5 Mountain Cross Engineering, Inc. Civil and Environmental Consulting and Design 826 ½ Grand Avenue, Glenwood Springs, CO 81601 P: 970.945.5544 F: 970.945.5558 www.mountaincross-eng.com Water Quality The Code requires that Water Quality Capture Volume (WQCV) be provided. For the project, the permeable pavers are proposed to provide the WQCV. Downspouts from roof gutters should be directed onto the permeable pavers. The WQCV was calculated based on the site acreage and percent impervious area. Based on Fig 8.13 in the Urban Runoff Management Plan the watershed inches is determined based on the percentage of effective impervious area determined from the type of drainage system that is tributary to the impervious areas. Level 1 adjustment was used to determine the “Effective Impervious Area” from Fig 8.14. Based on the Effective Imperviousness of 51%, this yields 0.07 watershed-inches. Using the basin area of 0.122 acres, this yields 31.0 cubic feet of WQCV. The WQCV structure of permeable pavers is 925 square feet with 8” of sand assuming a 30% void ratio. This volume of the voids is 185 cubic feet which is much larger than the required 31 cubic feet of WQC volume and also provides enough volume to capture the required 64 cubic feet of detention. If the capacity of the WQCV is exceeded, the excess runoff would overtop the curb and flow into the existing storm system in the adjacent Cottonwood Lane. Calculations are attached. Temporary structures are intended to be used during construction activities. Temporary erosion control measures that are to be employed during construction have been designed to contain sediment on the site and to mitigate erosion from construction activities. Silt fencing is placed around the downhill limits of disturbance and inlet protection is placed at the storm drain on the street. Permanent erosion control measures are revegetation of disturbed areas, and design of conveyances to prevent erosion. Additionally, the Code requires a Water Quality Capture Volume (WQCV) per the Figures 8.13 and 8.14. The site will disturb less than one acre and therefore will not require a permit from CDPHE. Maintenance Maintenance will be required periodically for the drainage system. At a minimum the following should be done bi-annually in the spring and fall: swales, roof gutters, downspouts, and the permeable pavers should be cleaned and cleared of mud and debris. The green roof will need to be inspected weekly to verify plant health during the growing season; and adequate water will need to be applied to plants when necessary. It will need to be inspected monthly for weed intrusion and any non-intended plants removed. The associated drainage system will need to be inspected, cleaned, and repaired. Also, follow the manufacturer’s specific maintenance plan. Temporarily, the general notes require the maintenance and frequent inspection of the silt fence. Attached in the Appendix is a Maintenance Plan that should be used by the Owner. Rain barrels will be emptied within 72 hours following a storm event. 05/15/2019 05/15/2019 05/15/2019 05/15/2019 Site Location Area H 05/15/2019 Area E Area P 05/15/2019 DRAINAGE CALCULATIONS for 211 Cottonwood Lane 9/25/2018 Drainage Area :Historic Surface description:Unimproved PROPERTY GENERAL SURFACE DATA Total Drainage Area: 5,320 sq. ft. 0.122 ac. RUNOFF COEFFICIENT imperviousness =0% HSG =C from Fig 3.3 C100 = 0.50 C10 = 0.25 C5 = 0.15 C2 = 0.05 100% 0.122 TOTAL BASIN ACERAGE 0.122 TIME OF CONCENTRATION Overland Flow Time Length Slope C5 Tc Upstream Elevation 7938.00 50 0.020 0.15 9.65 Dnstream Elevation 7937.00 Channel Flow Time Length Slope K Tt Upstream Elevation 7937.00 75.0 0.027 7.000 1.09 Dnstream Elevation 7935.00 Total 10.74 min RUNOFF Historic Intensity Flowrate (in/hr) (cfs) 2-yr Storm 1.5 0.01 10-yr Storm 2.7 0.08 100-yr Storm 4.6 0.28 NOTES: -Soils are hydrologic soil group C from Figure 3.1 -K = 7.0 based on lawn 05/15/2019 DRAINAGE CALCULATIONS for 211 Cottonwood Lane 9/25/2018 Drainage Area :Existing Surface description:Landscaping, roof area, and hardscape PROPERTY GENERAL SURFACE DATA Total Drainage Area: 5,320 sq. ft. 0.122 ac. RUNOFF COEFFICIENT sq. ft. or Land Use est. %acres imperviousness =62% Building Roof 2547 0.058 HSG =C from Fig 3.3 Ponds 0 0.000 C100 = 0.63 Hardscape and Paving 735 0.017 C10 = 0.52 Landscaped turf and planters 2,038 0.047 C5 = 0.48 Pine and Aspen 0% 0.000 C2 = 0.43 Sage and Grasses 0% 0.000 TOTAL BASIN ACERAGE 0.122 TIME OF CONCENTRATION Overland Flow Time Length Slope C5 Tc Upstream Elevation 7938.00 50 0.020 0.48 6.30 Dnstream Elevation 7937.00 Channel Flow Time Length Slope K Tt Upstream Elevation 7937.00 75.0 0.027 7.000 1.09 Dnstream Elevation 7935.00 Total 7.39 min RUNOFF Proposed Intensity Flowrate (in/hr) (cfs) 2-yr Storm 1.8 0.09 10-yr Storm 3.2 0.20 100-yr Storm 5.5 0.42 NOTES: -Soils are hydrologic soil group C from Figure 3.1 -K = 7 based on gravel channel 05/15/2019 DRAINAGE CALCULATIONS for 211 Cottonwood Lane 10/19/2018 Drainage Area :Proposed Surface description:Landscaping, roof area, and pavers PROPERTY GENERAL SURFACE DATA Total Drainage Area: 5,320 sq. ft. 0.122 ac. RUNOFF COEFFICIENT sq. ft. or Land Use est. %acres imperviousness =51% Impervious Roof (Solar Panels) 1652 0.038 HSG =C from Fig 3.3 Green Roof 1050 0.024 C100 = 0.61 Permeable Pavers 1073 0.025 C10 = 0.47 Hardscape 0 0.000 C5 = 0.40 Landscaped turf and planters 1,545 0.035 C2 = 0.31 Sage and Grasses 0% 0.000 TOTAL BASIN ACERAGE 0.122 TIME OF CONCENTRATION Overland Flow Time Length Slope C5 Tc Upstream Elevation 7938.00 50 0.020 0.40 7.11 Dnstream Elevation 7937.00 Channel Flow Time Length Slope K Tt Upstream Elevation 7937.00 75.0 0.027 7.000 1.09 Dnstream Elevation 7935.00 Total 8.20 min RUNOFF Proposed Intensity Flowrate (in/hr) (cfs) 2-yr Storm 1.7 0.064 10-yr Storm 3.0 0.172 100-yr Storm 5.2 0.387 NOTES: -Soils are hydrologic soil group C from Figure 3.1 -K = 7 based on gravel channel -Imperviousness assmes 50% of area for green roof and permeable pavers 05/15/2019 05/15/2019 WQC Volume Level 1: Over permeable pavers Tot Imp =51 % from Fig. 8.14 yields Eff Imp = 41 % from Fig. 8.13 yields WQCV = 0.07 watershed-in Area = 0.122 acres Req'd Volume =31.0 cubic feet 05/15/2019 DETENTION CALCULATIONS 10/19/2018 Area = 0.122 acres Tc = 8.2 minutes Release rate = 0.28 cfs C100 = 0.61 Duration I Release Volume Inflow Volume Volume Difference (min.) (in./hr.) (ft3) (ft3) (ft3) 5 6.30 111 142 31 10 4.60 153 207 54 15 3.80 195 257 62 20 3.20 237 288 51 25 2.70 279 304 25 30 2.20 321 297 -24 35 2.10 363 331 -32 40 1.90 405 342 -63 45 1.70 447 344 -102 50 1.60 489 360 -129 55 1.40 531 347 -184 60 1.20 573 324 -249 Maximum Volume Difference = Required Detention = 62 Cubic Feet Release rate = 0.08 cfs C10 = 0.470 Duration I Release Volume Inflow Volume Volume Difference (min.) (in./hr.) (ft3) (ft3) (ft3) 5 3.70 32 64 32 10 2.70 44 94 50 15 2.20 56 114 59 20 1.90 68 132 64 25 1.60 80 139 59 30 1.40 92 146 54 35 1.30 104 158 54 40 1.20 116 167 51 45 1.10 128 172 44 50 1.00 140 173 34 55 0.90 152 172 20 60 0.80 164 167 3 Maximum Volume Difference = 64 Cubic Feet 100-yr Detention 10-yr Detention 05/15/2019 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 826 ½ Grand Avenue, Glenwood Springs, CO 81601 P: 970.945.5544 F: 970.945.5558 www.mountaincross-eng.com Maintenance Plan The following is a checklist to aid the Property Owner of ongoing drainage system maintenance for 211 Cottonwood Lane in Aspen CO. The site proposes drainage by gravity over impervious areas such as a green roof and permeable pavers prior to discharge to an existing storm sewer system. The site will require more frequent cleaning of sediment initially. As the site matures, maintenance should be performed after large magnitude rainfall events and at the changing of the seasons. This is not intended to be an all-inclusive list: Drainage Swales: • Verify positive drainage and grade any ponding areas to drain • Clean out swales from deposited sediment and debris Permeable Pavers and Curb and Gutter: • Clean off deposited sediment and debris • Check for and fill any cracks • Repair and/or replace broken and damaged items Roof Gutters, Downspouts, and Rain Barrels: • Clear of debris • Clear piping of any obstructions • Clean deposited mud and debris • Check that daylight ends are clear • Check any exposed piping for UV degradation and cracking and repair as necessary Green Roof: • Inspect weekly to verify plant health during the growing season • Provide adequate water to plants when necessary • Inspect monthly for weed intrusion and remove any non-intended plants • Inspect and verify correct operation of drainage appurtenances • Clean drainage appurtenances of deposited mud and debris • Follow manufacturers component specific maintenance plan Heat Tape and Snowmelt: • Check for correct operation in pipes, roof gutters, and downspouts and repair as necessary • Check for correct operation in snowmelt area and repair as necessary • Turn on heat tape for cold seasons and turn off for warm seasons Overall: • Check site for differential settlement creating any areas of ponding and grade to drain • Correct locations where runoff may breach and bypass the drainage system 05/15/2019 Colorado Division of Water Resources 1313 Sherman Street, Suite 821 Denver, Colorado 80203 www.water.state.co.us 303-866-3581 June 2016 Rainwater Collection Information Table Pursuant to legislation passed in 2016 (House Bill 16-1005), many Colorado residents are able to collect rainwater in up to two rain barrels with a combined storage capacity not to exceed 110 gallons for outdoor uses. But did you know that residents with certain types of water wells may also be able to collect rainwater for the uses allowed on their well permit? These residents may be able to have additional rain barrels pursuant to Senate Bill 09-080. The table below provides examples of how different residences in Colorado may be able to collect rainwater. Additional information about rainwater collection in Colorado can be found on page 3 of this document and on Division of Water Resources’ (DWR) website at www.water.state.co.us/SurfaceWater/RainwaterCollection. Your water supply scenario: Can I use rain barrels as allowed under HB16-1005*? (Limit of two rain barrels with a combined storage capacity not to exceed 110 gal.) Can I have additional rain barrels in accordance with SB09-080**? (Note that a Precipitation Collection Permit is required before you start collecting water in these additional rain barrels!) A single family house on tap water Yes No 2 to 4 unit multi-family building (apartments or condominiums) with tap water Yes, 110 gallons per building No 5 or more unit multi-family building (apartments or condominiums) with tap water No No Townhome (one residence in a row of residences joined by common side walls) on tap water Yes, 110 gallons per residence No 05/15/2019 Colorado Division of Water Resources: Rainwater Collection Information Table Page 2/3 Your water supply scenario (continued): Can I use rain barrels as allowed under HB16-1005*? (Limit of two rain barrels with a combined storage capacity not to exceed 110 gal.) Can I have additional rain barrels in accordance with SB09-080**? (Note that a Precipitation Collection Permit is required before you start collecting water in these additional rain barrels!) A single family house on an exempt/small capacity domestic well that has a permit for some combination of: inside uses in up to three single-family dwellings, up to one acre of residential lawn and garden, domestic animal watering (such as horses), and livestock watering Yes Yes, additional rainwater may be captured for those outdoor and indoor uses that are allowed on the well permit * A single family house on an exempt/small capacity household use only well Yes Yes, additional rain barrels are allowed to capture water for household purposes inside the dwelling. However, only the 110 gallons allowed under HB16-1005 may be collected for outdoor uses* A single family house on tap water- there is an old exempt/small capacity well (drilled prior to May 8, 1972) that we still use to water the lawn Yes No A single family house on a well that is operated pursuant to a Plan for Augmentation (non- exempt/large capacity well) Yes No A single-family house with an unpermitted well that has been in use since prior to May 8, 1972. The well continues to be used for the house and yard. Yes Maybe. You will need to apply to register your well first. If DWR is able to approve a residential well permit, and you are not in a water service area, you could capture water for purposes allowed by your new well permit* A single-family house with a residential well but the permit number or permit type is unknown Yes Maybe. It will depend on the well permit and other sources of water supply. You can look up your well permit through DWR’s Well Permit Search. If you’re having trouble finding your permit please contact DWR via the information on page 3. 05/15/2019 Colorado Division of Water Resources: Rainwater Collection Information Table Page 3/3 Rainwater Collection Information Table: Additional Information Exempt Wells versus Non-Exempt Wells The table on pages 1 and 2 reference “exempt/small capacity wells” and “non-exempt/large capacity wells”. What is an exempt/small capacity well versus a non-exempt/large capacity well and which type do I have? ● Exempt/small capacity wells are often residential wells that serve no more than three single family dwellings. Exempt/small capacity wells typically have a five or six digit permit number and do not have a suffix (other than “-A” in the case of replacement wells). ● Non-exempt/large capacity wells often have a “-F” and/or “-R” at the end of the permit number. ● See the Guide to Well Permits, Water Rights, and Water Administration for more details on exempt/small capacity and non-exempt/large capacity wells. *HB16-1005: Concerning the use of rain barrels to collect precipitation from a residential rooftop for nonpotable outdoor uses (effective August 10, 2016)  Who can collect water under this law: Any single family residence or multi-family residence with 4 or fewer units. Each home in a row of homes joined by common side walls, such as duplexes, triplexes, or townhomes, is considered a single family residence.  Do I need a permit through DWR before I start collecting precipitation? No permit or other approval is required for capture and use of precipitation in rain barrels with a combined storage capacity of 110 gallons in accordance with HB 16-1005.  Where can I collect the water from: From the roof of a building that is used primarily as a residence.  How much water can I collect: You can fill and refill two rain barrels with a combined storage capacity up to 110 gallons throughout the year.  What can I collect the water in: Water must be collected in rain barrels (up to 110 gallon total capacity) with sealable lids  What can I use the water for: Outdoor uses, such as lawn and garden irrigation, on the property where the water was collected. The water cannot be used for drinking water or indoor household purposes.  Will standing water in the rain barrels create a mosquito problem? Rain barrels must have sealable lids to prevent insects or other pests from using the stored water. See the Colorado Department of Public Health and Safety’s website for more information. **SB09-080: Concerning limited exemptions for water collected from certain residential rooftops  Who can collect water under this law (SB 09-080): Any residence that has, or can qualify for, an exempt residential well permit through DWR. This law operates independently of HB16-1005.  If I do not have a well or well permit, how do I know if my property qualifies for a well permit: This will be determined by the Division of Water Resources when you apply for the required precipitation collection permit.  Do I need a permit through DWR before I start collecting precipitation? Yes, before you begin to collect precipitation in connection with an exempt well permit, you need to obtain a rooftop precipitation collection permit. Check out the Rainwater Collection on Properties with Residential Wells Fact Sheet and the Application for Rooftop Precipitation Collection System Permit for more information.  Where can I collect the water from: From the roof of a building that is used primarily as a residence.  How much water can I collect: There is no limit to the amount of water you can collect, so long as you are collecting the water from the roof of a building that is used primarily as your residence.  What can I collect the water in: Rain barrels or other types of water storage structures. Be sure to still follow best practices for mosquito management.  What can I use the water for: Those residential uses that are allowed on the exempt well permit, which may include both indoor and outdoor uses, depending on the well permit.  Other important information: o If the residence is served by a water system (such as a water tap from a municipal provider or a shared well) that supplies more than three single family dwellings, then precipitation collection is not allowed under this law. o Please review the above information on SB09-080 before completing and submitting an Application for a Rooftop Precipitation Collection System Permit. If your well has not been registered, you will also need to Register an Existing Well before applying. Have additional questions? Send an AskDWR request or call DWR’s Ground Water Information Desk between 9am and 4pm Monday through Friday at (303) 866-3587. 05/15/2019 Capacity 55 gallons 208 litres Height 34 inches 86 cm Width 24 inches 61 cm Ship Weight 1103 pounds 500 Kg Ship Qty 52 per pallet 52 per pallet 48"x48"x80" 122cmx122cmx244cm Included Accessories Options Insect resistant stainless steel screen Higher spigot accommodates most watering cans Overflow to 2nd barrel or splashpad Resilient faucet/spigot Easy multi-barrel installations Stable footprint and childproof lid Contact Basil Thompson Office 1 877-634-9777 Cell 415-413-0642, 416-317-3398 E-mail basil@enviroworld.us International Headquarters 7003 Steeles Ave. W., Unit 6 Toronto, ON Canada M9W 0A2 Tel 416-674-0033 Fax 416-679-0368 Toll-free 877-634-9777 solutions@enviroworld.us www.enviroworld.net Installation instructions, spigot, screws, overflow hose and clamp Sticker/hotstamp branding and custom colors available The FreeGarden™ RAIN 55 gallon rain barrel is designed with the homeowner/gardener in mind; affordable, attractive, easy to move, easy to install, and easy to use. 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