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CITY COUNCIL WORK SESSION
February 02, 2016
4:00 PM, City Council Chambers
MEETING AGENDA
I. Construction Management Plan Update
II. Mill Street Complete Streets Update
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Construction Mitigation Program Changes
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MEMORANDUM
TO: Mayor and City Council
FROM: Trish Aragon, P.E., City Engineer
Tony Kornasiewicz, Construction Mitigation Officer
Scott Miller, Capital Asset Director
DATE: January 29, 2016
MEETING DATE: February 2, 1016
RE: Revisions to the Construction Mitigation Requirements
REQUEST OF COUNCIL:
Staff seeks Council input regarding the Construction Mitigation Program rules. This includes establishing
parameters for mitigating impacts of encroachments including duration, size, penalties and aesthetics.
PREVIOUS COUNCIL ACTION:
City Council approved the creation and implementation of the Construction Mitigation Program in April
of 2006. Below is a timeline of this program.
April 2006: The City creates the Construction Mitigation Program to reduce the impact of
construction on the general public and to provide a liaison between the City, contractors, and the
general public. This is accomplished by requiring contractors to submit a plan detailing how they
intend to meet all city codes during construction.
March 2007: The Original Plan Requirement Manual is drafted and presented at a work session.
The Plan lays out explicit rules and codes construction projects must obey with the overall goal of
balancing the needs of construction while maintaining our mountain character for our Citizens
and Tourists.
April 2007: Edits from the March 2007 work session are incorporated into the “Plan.” These
edits include an established haul route, restricting work hours from 12 hours per day to 10 hours
per day, creating the Aspen Holiday List, which restricts construction on federal holidays and
during special events such as the Food and Wine Classic.
April 2007: The start and end time for weekday work is altered to 8 a.m. – 6 p.m.
May 2007: The original start and end times, which were 7 a.m. – 5 p.m., are re-instated.
January 2008: The program is expanded to include inspections on all active projects regardless of
impact. Additional inspections were also added which included sediment and erosion control and
parking.
May 2009: Three changes/additions were made:
o Manufacturing Restrictions: Require all manufacturing activities (i.e. stone cutting) to be
conducted offsite, reducing the duration and overall impact to surrounding
neighborhoods. Additionally, if a further modification to the material is required, then the
hours of operation will be limited to 9 a.m. – 5 p.m., Monday through Friday.
o Holiday Hours: Creation of a new geographic zone in town to help address the
impacts of construction while at the same time maintaining a resort atmosphere
in the community. This zone is referred to as the Central Resort Area (CRA).
The geographic boundaries mirror the expanded pay-to-park area. This boundary
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Construction Mitigation Program Changes
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was chosen because the area is impacted heavily during special events and the
winter / summer tourist season. The adoption of the CRA allows work in the
“non-core” neighborhoods, which are less impacted during the peak seasons.
o Superfund Permitting: Alterations were made to the Smuggler Mountain
Superfund Site Soil Removal Permit to stream line the process and ensure the
sites are captured in regular inspections.
May 2010: Time restrictions were modified to allow 24-hour interior work in the CRA.
Weekday construction hours were modified to 7 a.m. – 5 p.m. during the on-season and 8
a.m. – 7 p.m. during the off-season.
May 2012: Erosion and sediment control section was updated. The CRA hours and zone
were revisited, but Council decided against modifying rules related to the CRA.
July 2012: Weekday Construction hours were modified to 7:30 am – 5:30 pm year round.
September 2012: Creation of the encroachment zone map limiting duration of encroachments by
creating the Red (near the Mall), Orange (a block out side of the Mall) and Yellow (two blocks
outside of the Mall) Zones.
February 24, 2015: New revisions were presented to Council. Council asked staff to come
back at the April 6 work session to provide more detail on the proposed revisions.
April 6, 2015: Construction mitigation program was revised to include the following:
o Construction Hours: Extended the definition of Christmas week and does
not allow for construction in the Core during this week.
o Creation of an appeal process
o Require sites to reduce landfill waste
o Require sites to develop a Traffic Demand Management (TDM) plan to
mitigate the impacts of traffic and parking.
o Encroachment size and duration limitations
o Update the enforcement section
BACKGROUND: The Mayor initiated a series of public outreach meetings in 2014 and 2015 with the goal of
receiving input on how to make the City more livable and desirable with the increased construction activity.
The goals of these meetings included the following:
Reduce the duration of projects
Limit noise impacts from earth retention systems
Reduce the number of parking spaces used
Give an area a reprieve from all construction
Further reduce noise impacts on residential areas
Limit the size and duration of encroachments
Reduce impacts on adjacent businesses
This feedback was gathered and resulting changes were incorporated into the City’s Construction Mitigation
Program last year.
DISSCUSION: The Construction Mitigation Program is an iterative process where the program is
reevaluated on a regular basis to see if it meets the City’s goal in facilitating Construction in a manner that
maintains our mountain town character for both our citizens and visitors.
The program is designed in a way to create clear and predicable framework for facilitating construction. The
program is also designed in a way that if a site does not comply with the City’s construction rules, the site
will incur progressive penalties and delays.
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Construction Mitigation Program Changes
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Keep in mind that this program is a framework for construction and that we need to be flexible because
each project is unique. As a result the program does depend on the City Engineer and / or a Construction
Management Committee to make determinations of variances and exceptions on a site by site basis.
After meeting with Council last April several changes were incorporated into the City’s Construction
Mitigation Program. At that time the new noise requirements were not implemented. However several changes
were incorporated and tested during the construction season last year. At that time Council directed staff to
come back after the summer season to see how the new program worked.
Program Update: Several changes to the program were implemented last year, which included:
o Construction Hours: Extended the definition of Christmas week and does
not allow for construction in the Core during this week.
o Creation of an appeal process
o Require sites to reduce landfill waste
o Require sites to develop a Traffic Demand Management (TDM) plan to
mitigate the impacts of traffic and parking.
o Encroachment size and duration limitations
o Update the enforcement section
Additionally, Council funded the staffing for two Seasonal Construction Mitigation Officers. The funding
of the two positions allowed Staff to become more proactive with monitoring construction sites.
Additionally it allowed Staff to become more responsive to citizen complaints and with construction
mitigation plan reviews.
As a result of the new changes that were implemented and with the additional staffing, Staff is pleased to
announce that the program was a success last year. Because sites were regularly monitored with the
additional staffing we saw the number of sites that received written red tags increase by 18%, as a result,
we saw citizen complaints reduce by 80%. Lastly because of the additional staffing, our review times for
Construction Mitigation Plans reduced by 50%.
One way to gauge the effectiveness of the new changes is to compare the number of variances given for
projects over the last year. Variances were essentially unchanged year over year which indicates that the
new changes were achievable for sites.
Proposed Noise Mitigation Revision:
Although the new noise mitigation rules were not implemented last year, several sites chose to incorporate
those new rules. As a result, Staff was able to gauge not only the effectiveness of these changes but also
whether or not these new rules were practically achievable. The noise mitigation rules that are proposed
have been modified based on field experience last year. Below is a list of the proposed changes:
Require large projects (as determined by impact and location) hire a sound engineer/consultant
to model the site plans and insert noise sources and specify noise mitigation measures to see
how noise levels will be impacted. The models can show the anticipated noise levels at various
locations surrounding the project and can take into account a variety of proposed mitigation
measures.
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Construction Mitigation Program Changes
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Establishment of decibel limits will include:
• Projects are limited to 70 decibels (dB) at the property line during the summer on
season.
• In addition to the decibel limit listed above, projects located on the Mall will be
limited to 70 decibels (dB) at the property line during the winter on season.
• All other times projects will be limited to 80 decibels (80dB) at the property line.
Allowance for an excess noise exception from the above limits will be reviewed by the City
Engineer. Criteria for the exemption include:
o Where it is in the interest of public safety
o Public infrastructure work within the Right of Way
o Other activities within the Right of Way where there is no other reasonable alternative.
o Short duration residential roofing repair projects
Require the use of continued noise monitoring for sites that have a large impact and for sites that
receive continued (verified) neighborhood complaints. Allow access to the system for the City’s
Construction Mitigation Officer.
Those sites that receive verified noise complaints will be required to install continuous noise
monitoring systems.
A complete redline version of the proposed Construction Mitigation Revisions are included in
Attachment A
Next Steps:
Council has approved the continued funding for the Seasonal Construction Mitigation positions. These
positions allow Staff to not only be more responsive to Citizen complaints, but has allowed Staff to be
more proactive in ensuring that sites are complying with our Construction Mitigation Rules.
Council has approved funding in 2016 for the development of a CMP certification system utilizing
an on line training program and our business licensing system. Staff will work with vendors this
year to develop this program.
Council wanted Staff to implement the creation of a web site where citizens can access a site’s
construction mitigation plan. It was also envisioned to utilize this site to gather citizen input and to
communicate a project’s progress and upcoming impacts. Staff has developed an interactive map of
active construction sites, however the increased functionality described above was put on hold until the
City implements the new electronic permitting system.
The City Attorney’s office has recommended that the Construction Mitigation Ordinance is revised to
include enforcement penalties for violations associated with the City’s Construction Mitigation
Program. Staff will come back to Council with this ordinance.
Attachments:
Attachment A: Construction Mitigation Program Redline Version
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CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT PLAN
REQUIREMENTS MANUAL
Construction projects that exceed 1000 SF of soil disturbance and/or 400 SF of building demolition,
improvement, or renovation (interior and/or exterior) must submit a construction management plan in
accordance with this manual.
Prepared by:
Engineering Department
130 S. Galena St.
Aspen CO 81611
970.920.5080
April 2015
Please provide:
2 Paper Documents – Engineering Department
1 Electronic Document –
EngineerCity@cityofaspen.com
Specifics: 8.5 x 11 or 11x17 sheets only & 2-hole punch
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 GENERAL ..................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 PURPOSE ...................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 APPLICABILITY .............................................................................................................................................. 1
1.3 DEFINITIONS AND TERMS ............................................................................................................................ 1
1.4 REFRENCES .................................................................................................................................................. 2
2.0 PROJECT LOCATION ................................................................................................................................ 3
2.1 DISTURBANCE AREA .................................................................................................................................... 3
2.2 LOCATION .................................................................................................................................................... 3
2.3 DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................................... 3
3.0 PROJECT DOCUMENTATION ................................................................................................................ 3
3.1 PERMITS / OTHER DOCUMENTS .................................................................................................................. 3
3.2 PUBLIC NOTIFICATION ................................................................................................................................. 3
3.3 PROJECT SIGN .............................................................................................................................................. 4
3.4 CONTACT DESIGNATION .............................................................................................................................. 4
4.0 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION ............................................................................................................... 4
4.1 DATES OF CONSTRUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 4
4.2 HOURS OF CONSTRUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 5
4.3 SEQUENCE (PHASING) OF CONSTRUCTION ................................................................................................. 6
4.4 ADJOINING PROPERTIES .............................................................................................................................. 6
4.5 PROJECT FENCING ....................................................................................................................................... 6
4.6 PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE ................................................................................................................... 6
4.7 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................................................... 6
5.0 SITE AND RIGHT OF WAY MANAGEMENT ....................................................................................... 8
5.1 RIGHT OF WAY MANAGEMENT PLAN ......................................................................................................... 8
5.2 EMERGENCY VEHICLE ACCESS AND ORDINANCE 35 ................................................................................... 8
5.3 CONSTRUCTION PARKING DETAILS ............................................................................................................. 8
5.4 STAGING AREAS ........................................................................................................................................... 9
5.5 RIGHT OF WAY LIMITATIONS..................................................................................................................... 10
5.6 CONSTRUCTION TRAILER, MATERIALS STORAGE, AND WASTE MANAGEMENT ...................................... 11
6.0 TRAFFIC CONTROL ................................................................................................................................ 13
6.1 GENERAL .................................................................................................................................................... 13
6.2 HAUL ROUTES ............................................................................................................................................ 13
6.3 ONSITE VEHICLE LIMITATIONS .................................................................................................................. 13
6.4 DELIVERY REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................................................ 13
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6.5 TRAFFIC CONTROL PLAN ............................................................................................................................ 14
7.0 PEDISTRIAN PROTECTION................................................................................................................... 14
7.1 GENERAL .................................................................................................................................................... 14
7.2 LIMITATIONS .............................................................................................................................................. 14
8.0 SEDIMENT AND EROSION CONTROL ............................................................................................... 14
8.1 REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................................................................................... 14
8.2 SMUGGLER MOUNTAIN RESTRICTIONS .................................................................................................... 15
9.0 FUGITIVE DUST CONTROL .................................................................................................................. 15
9.1 FUGITIVE DUST CONTROL PLAN ................................................................................................................ 15
9.2 REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................................................................................... 15
10.0 EMISSIONS ................................................................................................................................................. 17
10.1 GENERAL .................................................................................................................................................... 17
10.2 EMISSIONS FROM DIESEL POWERED ENGINES............................................................................. 17
11.0 NOISE SUPRESSION ................................................................................................................................ 17
11.1 GENERAL .................................................................................................................................................... 17
11.2 NOISE SUPPRESSION PLAN ........................................................................................................................ 17
11.3 CONTINUNED NOISE MONITORING .......................................................................................................... 19
11.4 REQUIREMENTS FOR ACTIVITIES EXCEEDING 80 DECIBELS ......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
11. 5 SPECIFIC RESTRICTIONS RELATED TO MANUFACTURING ON SITE ...................................................... 20
12.0 ENFORCEMENT ....................................................................................................................................... 21
12.1 CITY CONSTRUCTION MITIGATION OFFICER ............................................................................................. 21
12.2 CORRECTIVE ACTION ................................................................................................................................. 21
12.3 INSPECTION REPORTS................................................................................................................................ 22
13.0 CONSTRUCTION MITIGATION COMMITTEE ................................................................................. 22
14.0 APPEAL PROCESS .................................................................................................................................... 22
APPENDICES
A – Required Project Sign
B – Haul Route Map
C – Noise Suppression Plan, Techniques and Equipment
D – Smuggler Mountain Superfund Site Map
E – Core and Central Resort Area Map
F – Encroachment Zone Map
G – Stormwater Pollution Plan Requirements
H – Construction Waste Management Plan
I – Holiday Season Dates
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1.0 GENERAL
1.1 PURPOSE
The purpose of this Construction Management Plan Manual is to provide a consistent
policy under which certain physical aspects of construction management will be
implemented. The elements contained in this document are related to the development
process. It is intended that they apply to both public and private work designated
herein.
These standards cannot anticipate all situations. They are intended to assist, but not to
substitute for competent work by design and construction professionals. The City of
Aspen does not intend to limit any innovative or creative efforts that could result in
better quality, greater cost savings, or both. Any proposed departure from the manual
will be judged on the likelihood that such variance will produce a comparable result,
adequate for the user and City resident over the duration of the improvement/project.
If the project changes ownership or contracting services change, the City Engineering
Department must be notified, and must agree to comply with an approved CMP in
writing. Any departure from the approved CMP must be submitted in writing and
approved by the City Engineer. The approved construction management plan must be
kept onsite.
1.2 APPLICABILITY
This manual shall govern the construction and development of all public and private
construction projects in the City of Aspen. These regulations shall apply to all
commercial, industrial, residential, and mixed use developments which disturb 1000 SF
or greater or require demolition, improvement, or renovation (interior and/or exterior)
of 400 SF or greater within any twelve-month period. Additionally these regulations
apply to drill sites with depths exceeding 50 feet in depth.
1.3 DEFINITIONS AND TERMS
Construction Management Plan – A Construction Management Plan is a combination of
diagrams, documents, drawings, and specifications that clearly define the steps that will
be taken to demonstrate how the impacts to the community will be minimized. How the
impacts associated with any construction project will be managed. Herein described as
“Plan” throughout the remainder of this policy.
Construction Mitigation Officer – An appointed employee of the City of Aspen whose
charge is to ensure that all aspects of a Construction Management Plan are followed,
and to further ensure that the impacts associated with construction activities within the
City of Aspen are effectively managed and impacts associated with those projects are
the least necessary to accomplish the project.
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Disturbance Area – A portion of land where topsoil or native soils have been removed
for purposes of construction (development).
Best Management Practices (BMP’s) – Schedules of activities, prohibitions of
practices, maintenance procedures, and other management practices to prevent or
reduce the pollution of waters of the state. BMP’s also include treatment
requirements, operating procedures, and practices to control site runoff, spillage or
leaks, waste disposal, or drainage from material storage.
Tree Dripline and Protection Zone - Use the longest branch of the tree as a radius
from the center of the tree and make a circle. The circle is then defined as the
dripline and thus is the tree protection zone.
Final Stabilization – Uniform vegetative cover has been established with a density of
at least 70 percent of pre-disturbed levels.
Major Impact: Major projects as defined by the Urban Runoff Management Plan
(URMP).
Moderate Impact: Minor project as defined by the URMP and located in the CRA.
Minor Impact: Minor project as defined by the URMP and located outside of the
CRA.
URMP Triggers can be found in Table 1.1 of the URMP. A link to the table can be
found at: http://www.aspenpitkin.com/Portals/0/docs/Chapter%201.pdf
1.4 REFRENCES
A. City of Aspen Construction and Mitigation Standards for Work in the Public
Rights-of-Way
B. City of Aspen Municipal Code Titles 8.56, 13, 21, 26, 28 and 29
C. City of Aspen Ordinance 35
D. Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways – Most
recent edition
E. Colorado Department of Public Safety General Permit Part IB
F. Colorado Department of Transportation M&S construction standards
G. Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment – Air Pollution Control
Division
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2.0 PROJECT LOCATION
2.1 DISTURBANCE AREA
The Plan shall describe and compute the total project disturbance area. Soil
disturbance shall be kept to a minimum. Construction staging and phasing shall
occur, where applicable, to minimize soil disturbance time.
2.2 LOCATION
A project vicinity map shall be included in the Plan. The map should accurately
depict general project location within the City of Aspen and also delineate project
extents. The map shall be a scaled drawing that includes a directional arrow and
adjacent street descriptions.
2.3 DESCRIPTION
The Plan shall include an overview of the construction project including background
information, proposed development type and general information. The proposed
effect on public utilities such as storm sewer, sanitary sewer, water main, etc. should
also be described. The plan must describe the extent of excavation and detail any
method of stabilization employed.
3.0 PROJECT DOCUMENTATION
3.1 PERMITS / OTHER DOCUMENTS
The contractor shall maintain all applicable local, state and federal licenses and permits
that apply to the construction project. Applicable permits shall be listed, described and
copies of the documents shall be attached in Plan appendices. In addition to permits all
PUD’s, Subdivision Improvement Agreements, and Related City Ordinances must also
be attached in the Plan appendices.
3.2 PUBLIC NOTIFICATION
A project update shall be provided to the public on a basis no less than monthly, via website,
newspaper, on-site notices, or other accepted means of notification (per request of the City of
Aspen). The first public notification shall occur no later than 10
days prior to construction.
The update shall include a description of the current project phase, list any traffic and/or
pedestrian concerns, and describe hauling/staging operations. Additionally it shall include
information of the kinds of equipment, expected noise levels and durations of loud work.
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Communication with neighbors can prevent complaints from arising, and resolve concerns
before there is a problem. Provide a phone number where the foreman can be reached prior to
the start of the job.
The above notification shall specifically be distributed to neighbors located within 300 feet of
the project property.
The Plan shall designate a project representative, date, and time for a required preconstruction
meeting. The purpose of the meeting is to discuss the project and summarize the project
specific Construction Management Plan. The contractor and subcontractors are required to
attend the meeting. Utility personnel, applicable City departments, the Roaring Fork Transit
Authority, neighboring property owners, and the Aspen School District shall also be notified.
3.3 PROJECT SIGN
A project sign shall be constructed and posted that includes the items shown in
Appendix A: Required Construction Sign.
The sign shall be posted in a location where it is readable from the street or
driveway and shall meet criteria in City Municipal Code 26.510.030B4.
3.4 CONTACT DESIGNATION
The Plan shall have a contact list with associated phone numbers located at the front
of the document. The list will include: the owner, contractor appointed overall site
supervisor, a state certified safety officer, a state certified traffic control officer, and a
state certified erosion control representative.
Other information shall include city and county phone numbers, fire department,
police department, Roaring Fork Transit Authority (RFTA), school district, and all
applicable utility company contact information. The contact list should include
hospital contact information and the Emergency 911 reminder.
4.0 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
4.1 DATES OF CONSTRUCTION
Dates of construction shall be specified in the Plan. Any work being performed
within City ROW shall be completed as per the City of Aspen Right of Way
permit requirements.
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4.2 HOURS OF CONSTRUCTION
Construction hours shall be limited to 7:30am – 5:30pm Monday through Friday and
9am – 5pm on Saturday. No construction is permitted on Sundays, 4th of July day
and/or weekend if it falls on a Friday or Monday, Memorial Day and Labor Day
weekends, Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day, New Years Day.
During Presidents Day:
• projects located in the Central Resort Area (CRA) are not permitted to work on
any exterior elements, however interior work may be permitted with prior
approval.
• projects outside the CRA will be permitted to work.
During the Christmas week (12/26-12/31):
• projects located in the Central Resort Area (CRA) are not permitted to work on
any exterior elements, however interior work may be permitted with prior
approval.
• projects outside the CRA will be permitted to work.
During Holiday Season:
Holiday Season is defined as the days of the week leading up to Christmas until
New Year’s Day. Refer to Appendix I for Holiday Season dates.
projects located in the Core are not permitted to work on any exterior elements,
however interior work will be permitted.
During the Food & Wine Festival in June (Friday thru Saturday):
• projects located in the Central Resort Area (CRA) are not permitted
to work projects outside the CRA will be permitted to work.
The CRA area and Core is defined in Appendix E.
Specific indoor activities during restricted periods may be permitted with
approval from the City of Aspen Engineering Department; specific conditions
will be applied to each project separately. During the off-season 24 hour a day
interior work may be permitted within the CRA, the applicant must present a
work plan to the City of Aspen Engineering Department and the plan must be
approved prior to working outside of the normal construction hours.
Additional restrictions on construction hours and encroachments will be applied for
Aspen Special Events. Examples of events that will require additional restrictions
include the USA Pro Cycling Challenge and the Farmer’s Market.
Additional restrictions on construction hours will also be applied based on the project’s
specific impacts on adjoining properties. This includes limiting work during sales events
(for a maximum of two sales events per year), maintaining site lines to these businesses,
and providing signage on the construction site advertising the adjacent business. For
example, if an adjoining business has an event (such as a semiannual sale) the project
will accommodate this adjoining business to ensure the construction activities do no
adversely affect that business’s event.
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4.3 SEQUENCE (PHASING) OF CONSTRUCTION
A construction schedule including all project phasing, with item details, and
specific item completion dates or duration of phasing is required.
4.4 ADJOINING PROPERTIES
No person shall excavate on land close enough to a property line to endanger any
adjacent public street, sidewalk, and alley, other public or private property, or easement,
without supporting and protecting the property from any damage that might result from
construction operations.
Additionally the project must identify which adjoining properties will be most affected
by the project and how the project intends on mitigating the impacts to those properties.
This includes identifying adjacent businesses and understanding what events (such as
sale events) and programs that business has scheduled throughout the year. The project
will be required to work with the adjoining properties to mitigate impacts to their events
and programs. This also includes maintaining sight lines to adjacent businesses.
Lastly the needs of adjoining construction projects must not be compromised.
4.5 PROJECT FENCING
All construction areas shall have a non-removable construction fence or other approved
device securely placed around the areas to be protected. The fence shall be six feet (6')
in height and constructed out of chain-link fence with mesh windscreens (visual
barriers). The type and look of fencing must be approved by the Engineering
Department. Please see Section 11 for fencing noise suppression techniques.
4.6 PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE
All construction projects located within the City of Aspen shall uphold utmost
respect to public health and welfare and be reflected in prepared Plan.
4.7 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
Project construction shall be oriented to minimize harm to all aspects of the City of
Aspen’s natural environment. All tree and natural resource protection measures must
be identified in the Plan and in place prior to the commencement of any construction
or demolition activities. Refer to section 13.20.020b of the Municipal Code for tree
protection and removal requirements and process.
The Plan must contain a site map showing exact tree protection fence location
and accurate tree driplines (refer to Section 1.3 for dripline definition).
Proposed projects should be consistent with the character of existing land use in
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the surrounding area.
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5.0 SITE AND RIGHT OF WAY MANAGEMENT
5.1 RIGHT OF WAY MANAGEMENT PLAN
A Plan outlining the use the of the Right-of-way (ROW) must be submitted as part of
the CMP. This plan will identify areas of encroachments including the use of parking
spaces for the project. The use of the ROW will be limited according to the
requirements outlined belowin Section 5.6.
5.2 EMERGENCY VEHICLE ACCESS AND ORDINANCE 35
The contractor shall maintain continuous emergency vehicle access, on and around site,
including but not limited to police, fire, and ambulance services. This includes projects
adjacent to roads and alleys.
5.3 CONSTRUCTION PARKING DETAILS
Specific construction parking spaces/areas may be requested for use by craftsman,
subcontractors, and contractors involved in the site construction process. Prior to the
City allowing for construction parking spaces, the project must demonstrate that it has
minimized the amount of vehicles traveling to the site. This will be demonstrated
through Traffic Demand Management (TDM) Plan. A site’s TDM plan will consist of
the following:
Minor Impact – Select one or more of the following
Moderate Impact – Select two or more of the following
Major Impact – Select three or more of the following
Project-Sponsored Vanpool - Employer-sponsored vanpool programs entail an
employer purchasing or leasing vans for employee use, and subsidizing the cost
of program operations and administration. The driver usually receives personal
use of the van, often for a mileage fee. Scheduling is within the employer’s
purview, and rider charges are normally set on the basis of vehicle and operating
cost. The successful project will implement an employer-sponsored vanpool,
thus reducing the need for SOV trips to and from the worksite. Note: To receive
credit, project staff must park and be picked up no further up valley than the
Brush Creek Intercept Lot. Enforcement: A vanpool route and schedule should
be submitted as part of the CMP. Staff may audit the route to ensure its
presence.
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Project Shuttle - Offering employees a customized trip to work via private
shuttle reduces the need for SOV trips. The successful project will provide a
convenient, regularly scheduled employee shuttle from a Park & Ride, Intercept
lot or other identified pick up points to the worksite. To receive credit, project
staff must park and be picked up no further up valley than the Brush Creek
Intercept Lot. Enforcement: A shuttle route and schedule should be submitted
as part of the CMP. Staff may audit the route to ensure its presence.
Carpool Program – The successful project will require employees to form
carpool groups of two or more adults to reach the worksite. To receive credit,
carpools should originate no further up valley than the Brush Creek Intercept
Lot. Enforcement: carpool passes should be kept may be requested.
Transit Fare Subsidy - The successful project will provide fully subsidized daily
or monthly public transit passes for the RFTA valley system. Enforcement:
Records of the purchase and subsidies must be kept and may be requested.
Parking Cash-out - The term cash-out is used to describe the provision of
employee choice of forgoing their current subsidized/free parking for a cash
payment equivalent to the cost of the parking space. The successful project will
require provide no free parking for workforce and will provide a cash subsidy to
those who in Aspen City limits via transit, vanpool, bicycle or walk modes.
Enforcement: records of the parking cash out must be kept and may be
requested.
Customized Program – This option allows for the project to propose a measure
not listed above. If this option is chosen, a narrative should appear below and
must include the following information for staff review:
*description of measure
*justification of measure
*route and schedule if applicable
*enforcement options
After demonstrating that the project has minimized the amount of vehicles traveling to
the site, through the use of a TDM (which includes the measures above), the City will
allow minimal onsite parking
No construction parking will be permitted within the free two-hour residential parking areas
without a valid permit.
5.4 STAGING AREAS
The Plan shall specify construction staging area locations. Alleyways are preferred
short term staging locations without blocking access to neighboring properties. The
number of truckloads expected to and from the site should be estimated (including
soil hauling and materials transport). The timing and duration of the transport
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vehicles should also be noted.
City of Aspen personnel can limit project staging locations, number of trucks,
and duration of operations depending on project location and site surroundings.
Projects that require crane operations and have little or no setbacks are required to use
a tower crane. The City prefers electric type cranes to reduce noise and fumes.
Right-of-Way encroachments are used as a last resort in all cases. In the case where
a ROW encroachment occurs, a permit must be obtained from the City Engineering
Department. Refer to Section 5.5 for limitations on the use of the ROW.
5.5 RIGHT OF WAY LIMITATIONS
a. The following activities may require the use of the ROW:
Temporary construction of guardrail, pedestrian walkways, scaffolds, protective
canopies, etc..
Temporary storage of materials, merchandise, commodities, construction
materials, etc..
Park or stage and operate construction equipment, crane, bulldozer, skid steer,
etc..
Temporary placement of a field office, dumpster, loose material container, or
construction fencing
Earth retention methods and associated removal
b. The requests for the use of the ROW (i.e. encroachments) are reviewed by the
Engineering Department. The follow factors are considered before granting any use
of the ROW:
Location: Depending on location, there will be limitations on the use of the
ROW. The core area in particular has on season restrictions. Refer to Section 5.5
(c).
Size: The encroachment must occupy as small a footprint as applicable and may
not affect safe lane widths or bus routes. Additionally the encroachment may not
interfere with City snow removal process. If lane closures are anticipated we
recommend that the applicant complete the work before 10am to lessen the
impact.
Safety: The encroachment must accommodate pedestrians. Conflict between
pedestrians and construction traffic must be minimized. Additionally, all
encroachments shall ensure sight distances of 35 feet from the intersection. There
must be no overhead hazards (crane swing, etc...) and there must be adequate
room for Emergency Response.
Schedule: Aspen has many re-occurring special events scheduled throughout the
year. Some encroachments may be limited or not approved based on impacts to
these events. Holidays and special events that affect ROW closures in the core
area include, but may not be limited to: Food and Wine (mid June), USA Pro
Cycling Challenge (mid August), Saturday Farmer’s Market (mid June thru mid
October), Holiday/Christmas Week and the July 4th Parade.
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Aesthetics: Consideration should be given to the aesthetics, public information,
and signage for adjacent businesses, site barricades, fencing, enclosed walkways
etc. can be more than barren plywood walls. Whether its artwork, information
about the project or for local businesses there is an opportunity to minimize the
aesthetic impact.
c. Limitations for Encroachment Zones: There are seasonal limitations for temporary
encroachments (refer to Appendix F for zone designations). These limitations
include the following:
i. Red Zone: Five foot encroachment allowed on the mall during the on
season. For areas abutting a street, a 15 foot encroachment will be
allowed during the on season. For corner lots, only one side of the
building will be permitted an encroachment during the on season. Sites
will be limited to one on season encroachment.
ii. Orange Zone: A fifteen foot encroachment will be allowed during the
on season. For corner lots, only one side of the building will be
permitted an encroachment during the on season. Sites will be limited
to two on season encroachments.
iii. Yellow Zone: A fifteen foot encroachment will be allowed during the
on season. For corner lots, only one side of the building will be
permitted an encroachment during the on season. Sites will be limited
to three on season encroachments.
iv. The City may allow for larger encroachments if the site can
demonstrate the benefits of doing so. For sites requesting larger
encroachments they must not only demonstrate the benefit to the City
but also submit two construction schedules one with the larger
encroachment request and one without.
d. On Season Time Frame: On seasons are defined as June 1st thru Labor Day and
November 15th thru March 31st.
5.6 SITE PLANCONSTRUCTION TRAILER, MATERIALS STORAGE, AND WASTE
MANAGEMENT
As specified in Section 5.1, construction trailer, job materials storage, portable
restrooms, waste management and recycling container locations shall be clearly
designated on the project site plan. Loose job material storage is not allowed in
ROW under any circumstance.
The City of Aspen Engineering Department strongly recommends job trailer, waste
management containers, and portable restrooms be stored on private property and not
within City ROW.
The plan must also depict the extent of excavation and detail any method of
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stabilization employed. The plan will also depict any non surcharge areas associated
with the stabilization plan.
Sites that utilize cranes must supply a diagram of the off property swing radius as well
as the written permission of the affected property owners. Cranes will not be
permitted to weather vein within the ROW.
The City of Aspen requires recycling of construction materials. In instances where
recycling containers cannot be accommodated onsite, the City Engineering
Department will consider locating recycling containers within public ROW where
feasible. The encroachment permit fee will be waived if it pertains to recycling
containers. If at any time such a container is not being used for recycling operations,
the property owner will be responsible to pay at least three months calculated land
lease fee.
5.7 WASTE MANAGEMENT
The City of Aspen requires recycling of materials, both conventional and
construction related, according to this document and City of Aspen Municipal Code
Title 12. A waste management plan must be submitted to the City prior to beginning
demolition or construction. Recycling requirements included in this section do not
supersede project specific Building Code requirements. Refer to Appendix H for the
waste management plan requirements.
Project site conventional recycling of co-mingled materials (plastics #1-#7, tin,
aluminum, and glass), and cardboard must have an assigned space/area and be
separated on-site during the project. Sites must comply with Colorado and
Aspen landfill bans, i.e. no disposal of electronic waste, fluorescent light bulbs,
hazardous waste or yard waste. These materials may not be disposed of in the
trash.
During the demolition phase of a project, deconstruction related activities are
required (recycling and/or salvaging of material such as wood products, drywall,
flooring, etc.). Concrete and scrap metals must be sorted and kept separate on-site
and must have an assigned space/area.
Field inspections will occur throughout the permit process. If sorting of materials is
not occurring onsite, other means of verification may be provided to City of Aspen as
deemed appropriate. Acceptable verifications include (but are not limited to) a receipt
from the recycling facility, an invoice from the company receiving the materials for
recycling/salvaging or other proof the materials are being repurposed or recycled.
Per municipal code (12.08.010), any dumpster or other trash receptacle that is used
for food refuse must be constructed in such a manner as to render it bear proof. All
containers shall be adequately covered at all times until transferred to the landfill.
The City of Aspen municipal code states it shall be unlawful to permit accumulated
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debris, litter, or trash on any construction site to blow or scatter onto adjoining
properties (12.04.020).
An onsite hazardous material spill cleanup kit is required, as specified by the
City Engineer, that contains, at a minimum, a 25 pound bag of Floor-Dri (or
equal), absorbent pads, and other spill kit materials.
6.0 TRAFFIC CONTROL
6.1 GENERAL
All traffic control operations shall be managed by the designated certified
traffic control supervisor.
6.2 HAUL ROUTES
The City of Aspen has designated specific project haul roads throughout the City
(Appendix B). The project must follow the designated routes and specify any
additional routes necessary to complete hauling operations. Project haul routes shall
be oriented to minimize traffic congestion and maximize pedestrian safety.
6.3 ONSITE VEHICLE LIMITATIONS
All construction related vehicle activities shall be defined. Maximum vehicle
weights and sizes shall be specified.
6.4 DELIVERY REQUIREMENTS
Traffic control required for deliveries must be fully coordinated with the City of
Aspen Engineering Department. Roads will not be closed under any circumstances,
unless granted permission from the City of Aspen Engineering Department.
The maximum number of delivery vehicles onsite must be specified, along with
the hours the deliveries will occur, and any exceptions to the delivery schedule.
Delivery and Heavy Duty Vehicles must have a visible sign on the vehicle
that specifies the project contractors name and phone number.
Delivery vehicles and all other onsite vehicles are not allowed to idle for more than
five (5) minutes, with the exception of generators or PTO type operations. The
general contractor must include an idling policy in the Plan that meets City
requirements.
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6.5 TRAFFIC CONTROL PLAN
A preliminary Traffic Control Plan (TCP) shall be submitted as part of the
Construction Management Plan if necessary to be determined by City Engineer. The
TCP shall be completed by a State Certified Traffic Control Supervisor and must
conform to the
most current edition of the Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and
Highways (MUTCD). The TCP shall contain all information specified in Section
6C.01 of the MUTCD.
A School Traffic Control Plan should be submitted in addition to the TCP in school
areas according to Chapter 7A of the MUTCD. If the project is not located in a
school area, but abuts a school bus stop or school walk route, extra traffic control
personnel and devices shall be implemented to ensure school pedestrian safety.
7.0 PEDISTRIAN PROTECTION
7.1 GENERAL
The Plan shall comply with pedestrian safety per City code 21.04.060,
MUTCD Chapter 6D, the Americans with Disability Act, and IBC Chapter
33.
7.2 LIMITATIONS
Sidewalk closures in the core will not be permitted. Pedestrians must be accommodated
without having to cross the street. Short duration closures in the core may be considered
during the off season.
8.0 SEDIMENT AND EROSION CONTROL
8.1 REQUIREMENTS
A Stormwater Management Plan (SMP) shall be completed as outlined in
Appendix G.
The main objective of the storm water management plan shall be to identify Best
Management Practices, which will minimize erosion and sediment transport.
Onsite sediment and erosion control operations shall be managed by a state
certified erosion control supervisor.
Sites may not have to complete a SMP if they are less than 1000 sf of disturbance.
However these sites will still be required to provide sediment and erosion control
measures depending on the type of work.
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8.2 SMUGGLER MOUNTAIN RESTRICTIONS
All projects located within the Smuggler Mountain Superfund Zone (Appendix E)
are required to meet additional standards for erosion control measures and are
required to file an additional soil removal permit. These requirements shall be
instituted on all projects disturbing (excavating or exposing) more than one cubic
yard of soil. All projects located in the superfund site will also be required to handle
disturbed and excavated soils with an additional level of care.
1. A Smuggler Mountain Superfund Site Soil Removal Permit must
be completed prior to any soil disturbance in this area. (Appendix
D)
2. All contaminated soils must be disposed of at a duly licensed and
authorized facility, usually the Pitkin County Landfill, and the
receiving location must be made aware of the contaminated nature
of the soils.
3. Soils must be contained and covered at all times unless actively being
worked. Working will be defined as moving, compacting,
backfilling, exposing, or grading the soils at least once in a sixty
minute period. If any stockpile of soil is to be left for more than sixty
minutes it must be contained and covered.
4. Containment and Covering is required. This can be accomplished
through the use of a non-permeable tarp placed below the
stockpile and the same type of material shall be used to cover the
stockpile.
5. After completion of the project an uncontaminated soil cap will
be required. This cap shall consist of twelve inches of clean fill
or gravel. This can also be accomplished by paving the area with
asphalt or concrete.
6. In order to obtain a “clean letter” from the City of Aspen, which, will
be required prior to the release of the Certificate of Occupancy, all
of the above conditions must be met.
9.0 FUGITIVE DUST CONTROL
9.1 FUGITIVE DUST CONTROL PLAN
All projects that result in fugitive dust emissions must submit a fugitive dust control
plan and file an application for a construction permit with the Colorado Department of
Public Health and Environment.
The approval of a Dust Prevention and Control Plan does not relieve the owner or
contractors of the responsibility to implement whatever additional measures may
be required by the City Engineer to properly prevent and control dust.
9.2 REQUIREMENTS
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The plan shall demonstrate that the discharge of dust from the construction site will
not occur, or can be controlled to an acceptable level depending on the particular site
conditions and circumstances.
1. The plan shall address site conditions during construction operations,
after normal working hours, and during various phases of
construction.
2. The plan shall include the name and the 24 hour phone number of
a responsible party.
3. If the importing or exporting of dirt is necessary, the plan shall also
include the procedures necessary to keep the public streets and
private properties along the haul route free of dirt, dust, and other
debris.
4. When an entire project is to be graded and the subsequent
construction on the site is to be completed in phases, the portion of
the site not under construction shall be treated with dust preventive
substance or plant materials and an irrigation system.
5. All phased projects shall submit a plan demonstrating that dust will
not be generated from future phase areas.
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For all construction within the site, the contractor shall have a water truck available
for dust control. Wetting shall be completed once three times a day under dry
conditions or as directed by the City Construction Mitigation Officer.
Vehicle speeds should not exceed 15 mph on construction access roads
and construction site.
10.0 EMISSIONS
10.1 GENERAL
All vehicles and equipment used on site will be properly maintained such that
the engines will function within manufacture’s standards or parameters.
10.2 EMISSIONS FROM DIESEL POWERED ENGINES
Emissions from diesel engines operated within the City of Aspen shall be of a shade
or density no darker than 40% opacity, except for starting motion no longer than 10
seconds or for stationary operation not exceeding 10 seconds.
11.0 NOISE SUPRESSION
11.1 GENERAL
The noise limit for construction is measured at the property line of the construction
site. All construction equipment shall be adequately muffled and maintained to
minimize project noise.
11.2 NOISE SUPPRESSION PLAN
Each site must include information on noise blocking methods, techniques, and
common equipment and activities that require noise suppression (Refer to Appendix
C) to meet the decibel limits in the following sectionbelow.:
Residential projects are limited to 65 decibels (dB) at the property line
during the summer season and 80 dB at the property line all other times of
the year.
Projects located on the Mall are limited to 65 dB at the property line during
the summer and winter season and 80 dB at the property line all other times
of the year.
Projects located in the Core are limited to 75 dB at the property line during
the summer season and 80 dB at the property line all other times of the year.
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All other projects will be limited to 80 dB at the property line.
Major impact projects that include reinforced earth retention are required to have a
sound engineer/consultant model the site plans and insert noise sources and specify
noise mitigation measures to see how noise levels will be reduced. The models
should show the anticipated noise levels at various locations surrounding the project
and can take into account a variety of proposed mitigation measures.
11.3 NOISE LIMITS AND SUPPRESSION REQUIREMENTS
Projects are limited to 70 decibels (dB) at the property line during the
summer on season.
In addition to the decibel limit listed above, projects located on the Mall will
be limited to 70 decibels (dB) at the property line during the winter on
season.
All other times projects will be limited to 80 decibels (80dB) at the property
line.
On Season Summer Time Frame: June 1st thru Labor Day
On Season Winter Time Frame: November 15th thru March 31st.
Allowances of an additional 10 dB from the limits above will be made for short
durations. However under no circumstance can the decibel limit exceed 80 dB at the
property line.
Allowance for an excess noise exception from the above limits will be reviewed by
the City Engineer. Criteria for the exemption include:
Where it is in the interest of public safety
Public infrastructure work within the Right of Way
Other activities within the Right of Way where there is no other reasonable
alternative
Short duration residential roofing repair projects
Work associated with any allowances described above will not be permitted to start
before 9am on weekdays and will not be permitted on Saturdays.
Sites will be required to operate equipment in accordance with manufacturer's
specifications and with all standard manufacturers’ mufflers and noise-reducing
equipment in use and in properly operating condition.
The use of radios on the site before 8:00 am is not allowed.
Sites may be required to move portable loud equipment including generators,
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compressors, and cement mixers to different sides of the property to reduce impacts on
individual neighbors.
Sites are required to post notices to inform workers, including sub-contractors,
about the basic noise requirements, as well as specific noise restrictions, to the
project.
Appendix C includes recommended noise suppression methods.
11.4 NOISE LEVEL MEASUREMENTS
Noise level measurements shall be made with a sound level meter using the “A”
weighting scale set on “slow” response.
Measurements shall be taken at the property line of the site. The meters shall be used
according to manufacturer specifications.
Background noise levels may be taken for comparison with a given source for accuracy
of a measurement. Extraneous or momentary spikes in the background noise readings
shall not be used to compare with the source noise readings.
Enforcement actions will be taken if the source of the noise is greater than the
permissible levels.
11.5 CONTINUNED NOISE MONITORING
Major construction sites that require reinforced earth stabilization will be required to
perform continued noise monitoring. Additionally sites that receive two correction
notices or one red tag for noise violations will be required to provide continued noise
monitoring.
This monitoring must be recorded and be made available remotely through on line
access to the City’s Construction Mitigation Officer.
For those sites not required to provide continued noise monitoring but receive verified
noise complaints, the City will monitor noise on site install its own continued noise
monitor. If the noise complaints are verified, the site will be required to install its own
continued noise monitor at its own expense. , additionally the city will charge a rental
fee for when City’s continued noise monitor was used for the site.
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11. 6 SPECIFIC RESTRICTIONS RELATED TO MANUFACTURING ON SITE
Considering that some structures will require an increase in the level of manufacturing
of certain materials in order to complete the desired finish of the structure, additional
restrictions will be placed on those activities. The primary concern is that extending
the duration, for which neighbors are exposed to high levels of noise, could cause
specific unwanted responses. In order to reduce those risk factors to neighboring
properties all manufacturing efforts must be limited on site and when possible shall be
conducted off site, or in such a manner as to not contribute to any long term noise
impacts off of the property.
Manufacturing activities that are in excess of a maximum of 80 decibels must be
accompanied by an Extended Impact Permit, this will require that the activity is
enclosed completely and limited to 90 days in duration. Air exchange / venting
systems shall be installed or otherwise supplied within the enclosure to provide a
clean air source for laborers. The enclosure must be constructed in a manner which
prevents noise and dust from escaping. This may be accomplished with the use of
plastic sheeting to contain dust and a more dense and rigid material (ply wood, foam
insulation boards) erected to contain sound. Noise levels will be measured at the
property line, while facing the source of the sound, and shall not exceed 65 decibels
during working operations.
Activities will be considered manufacturing if alterations to a material that is
readily available on the market are made in order for the material to meet the
needs of the end user. An example of this would be masonry wall construction. If
the all of the stone was delivered as a rough cut product to the site, and each of
the stones were to be cut square and fit into place. In this example the stone
cutting is considered the manufacturing portion of the masonry wall, and should
be conducted off site. This would allow the stones to be cut square and to the
appropriate dimensions and additional work to fit the stones would be permitted
on site.
All work which requires a limited amount of additional manufacturing to achieve the
desired finish (including fitting) shall be conducted between 9am and 5pm, and shall
have an approved noise suppression plan on site, relating to the activity.
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12.0 ENFORCEMENT
12.1 CITY CONSTRUCTION MITIGATION OFFICER
A City Construction Mitigation Officer shall be assigned to each construction project.
The City Construction Mitigation Officer will complete random site visits to determine
if the project is following approved Plan and City requirements. The officer is not
intended to take the place of a City of Aspen building inspector.
12.2 CORRECTIVE ACTION
The City of Aspen will enforce construction mitigation corrections as follows:
1. The first corrective action is a verbal warning and explanation of
the violation with a timeframe for completion.
2. The second corrective action is a written warning or correction
notice with timeframe for compliance.
3. Third and final notice is a “Stop Work Order” (red tag). If a stop
work order is issued, no more work can be completed until the
violation is corrected.
4. The City may forgo steps one and two as outlined above and go
directly to the “Stop Work Order” and or a summons and compliant
may be issued for violations under the following circumstances:
Work without a permit
Work that is endangering Public Safety
Work that is endangering Public Health including work that may
affect water quality.
Work on holidays or Sundays (unless the site received an exemption
to work during these times)
The owner and general contractor are responsible for assuring compliance and both
will be charged by summons and complaint in municipal court when necessary. This
applies even if a sub-contractor violates the construction mitigation rules,
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Failure to correct violations and/or any threat to public safety could subject the
owner, contractor or both to a maximum penalty of up to a year in jail and/or a fine
of up to $2,650 for each violation. Each day a violation continues is a separate
offense determined by the municipal court.
12.3 INSPECTION REPORTS
The Construction Mitigation Officer will complete construction inspection reports.
All reports are public and will be kept in the City Engineering Department.
13.0 CONSTRUCTION MITIGATION COMMITTEE
Projects seeking exemptions may seek an exemption from project durations, number
of encroachments. These exemptions will be reviewed by the Construction Mitigation
Committee. The committee consists of representatives from the Engineering, Parking
and Building departments. If an exemption is granted then the project will be subject
to the exemption fees as outlined in Title 2.
Considerations for exemptions include impact of exemption on adjacent properties,
duration of exemption and season that exemption is being requested.
14.0 APPEAL PROCESS
Projects may appeal the decision of the Construction Mitigation Committee and / or
the City Engineer. All appeal will be forwarded to the City Manager or their
designee. If the appeal is approved and results in an exemption, then the project will
be subject to the exemption fees as outlined in Title 2.
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A – Required Project Sign
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PROJECT
NAME
BUILDING PERMIT #
General Contractor Name
General Contractor Contact
Contact Phone#
Emergency Phone#
24 Hour Emergency Contact #
(SIGN NEEDS TO BE GREEN IN COLOR)
Appendix A
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B – Haul Route Map
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Map prepared by Engineering and GIS Department
City of Aspen, CO 81611 May 4,2007
0 600300
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Legend
Designated Heavy Haul Route
Roads
Parcels
City Boundary
OFFICIAL HEAVY HAUL ROUTE MAP
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C – Noise Suppression Plan, Techniques and Equipment
P36
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Revised February 2016
Suggested Noise
Blocking Methods
Recommended Equipment:
“Residential” grade combustion engine exhaust silencers
Electrical vs. pneumatic hand power tools
Hydraulic vs. air powered rock drills
“Silenced” pile drivers vs. Diesel pile drivers
Typical Examples of Temporary Noise Barrier Materials:
Temporary barriers constructed of 3/4-inch Medium Density Overlay (MDO) plywood sheeting,
or other material of equivalent utility and appearance having a surface weight of 2 pounds per
square foot or greater. The temporary barriers should be lined on one side with glass fiber,
mineral wool, or other similar noise curtain type noise-absorbing material at least 2-inches. The
materials used for temporary barriers shall be sufficient to last through the duration of the
construction project, and shall be maintained in good repair. Prefabricated acoustic barriers are
available from various vendors.
Noise Control:
Replace worn, loose, or unbalanced machine parts that cause vibration.
Keep machine parts well lubricated to reduce friction.
Acoustical enclosures and barriers around generators
Sound absorbing material and vibration isolation systems on hand tools
Shields, shrouds, or intake and exhaust mufflers.
Noise-deadening material to line hoppers, conveyor transfer points, storage bins, or
chutes.
Noise barriers using materials consistent with the Temporary Noise Barrier Materials
Section.
Noise curtains
Plywood with concrete blankets at the height of the equipment and that it surrounds
the activity such that it directs noise up more than out from the property.
Portable three sided enclosures made out of plywood to move with the activity such
as jack hammering.
Internal combustion engines are to be fitted with a suitable muffler in good repair.
Noisy equipment such as cement mixers should be placed on the site to maximize the
distance from neighboring houses and/or rotate location so as to not impact just one
neighbor. Noise levels drop quickly with distance from the source.
All equipment should be properly maintained, with special attention to mufflers and
other noise control devices.
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Revised February 2016
Between work periods, builders are required by city ordinance to shut down machines
such as backhoes, bobcats, loaders and generators.
All vehicular movements to and from the site must only be made during the scheduled
normal working hours. This includes off-site noise that is associated with a specific
project such as staging of concrete trucks.
Equipment /
Activity
Typical Noise Controls
Pile Driver Enclosure, muffler
Stone saw cutting Noise control pad with water
Handheld
impact drills
Reduction of reflected sound
Circular saw blades 15º tooth angle, new tooth configuration, slotted saw blades, viscoelastic
damping
Pneumatic tools Muffler
Pavement breaker/
Rock drill
Muffler, enclosure of cylinder case and front head, moil damping
Portable air
compressor
Muffler, acoustic enclosures
Bulldozer Bulldozer Cab-liner material, enclosure, sound absorption in canopy,
sealing of all openings
Wheeled loader Absorption of sound cooling air route
Vibratory roller Flexible mounting for pump compartment
Joint Cutter Anti-vibration mounting fixtures
Dropping From
Height (re-roofing)
When dropping materials from a height—for example, into or out of a
truck, or when loading or unloading scaffolding, noise suppression plans
require a chute or side baffles.
Generators Acoustical enclosures and barriers surrounding equipment
Generators25 KVA: The local power grid shall be used wherever feasible to limit generator
noise. No generators larger than 25 KVA shall be used and, where a
generator is necessary, it shall have maximum noise muffling capability.
Hand Tools Sound absorbing material and vibration isolation systems on hand tools
Dismantling
Formwork
use rubber mallets to erect and dismantle formwork
Backup Alarms All equipment with backup alarms operated by the Contractor, vendors,
suppliers, and subcontractors on the construction site shall be equipped
with either audible self-adjusting ambient-sensitive backup alarms or
manually-adjustable alarms. The ambient-sensitive alarms shall
automatically adjust to a maximum of 5 dBA over the surrounding
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Revised February 2016
background noise levels. The manually-adjustable alarms shall be set at
the lowest setting required to be audible above the surrounding noise.
Installation and use of the alarms shall be consistent with the performance
requirements of the current revisions of Society of Automotive
Engineering (SAE) J994, J1446, and OSHA regulations.
Compressors The unit with the lowest noise rating which meets the requirements of the
job should be used where work is conducted in the City of Aspen,
installed with mufflers and/or enclosed in a noise barrier.
Jackhammer All jackhammers and pavement breakers used on the construction site
shall have exhaust systems and mufflers that have been recommended by
the manufacturer as having the lowest associated noise and shall be
enclosed with shields or acoustical barrier enclosures.
Concrete crushers or
pavement saws
Pre-augur pile holes to reduce the duration of impact or vibratory pile
driving and tie to local power grid to reduce the use of generators and
shall be enclosed with shields or acoustical barrier enclosures.
Pneumatic hand
power tools
All pneumatic tools operated in the City of Aspen must be fitted with an
effective silencer on their air exhaust port.
P39
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D – Smuggler Mountain Superfund Site Map
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Smuggler Mountain Superfund SiteSoil Status - August 2008
0 175 35087.5 Feet
EPA Superfund Boundary
Structure
Soil Status
Cleaned or Remedied
Levels > 1000
For information regarding the Smuggler Mountain Superfund Site contact the City of Aspen (970-920-5039) orPitkin County Environmental Health andNatural Resources (970-920-5070).
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E – Core and Central Resort Area Map
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Central Resort Area and Commercial Core Area Map
Centeral Resort Area
Commercial Core Area
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F – Encroachment Zone Map
P44
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P45
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G – Stormwater Pollution Plan Requirements
P46
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Stormwater Management During Construction
The purpose of this chapter is to provide requirements and guidance for selecting and
implementing Best Management Practices (BMPs) that will eliminate or reduce the discharge of
pollutants from construction and other land-disturbing activities to local waters. The City of
Aspen Engineering Department is the administrative authority for stormwater management and
erosion prevention and sediment control on construction sites within the City’s jurisdiction. By
policy, Aspen’s requirements for stormwater management during construction are consistent
with those of the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment’s (CDPHE)
Construction General Permit. The CDPHE Construction General Permit requires a stormwater
management plan (SWMP) for development disturbing greater than one acre of land. However,
Aspen requires a Construction SWMP detailing pollution prevention and erosion prevention
and sediment control measures to be installed for projects that exceed 1000 square feet of
soil disturbance, not just those that disturb greater than one acre. Wherever the City of Aspen
and the CDHPE Construction General Permit requirements are in conflict, the more restrictive
requirements should be applied.
The regulations and guidelines stated in this chapter incorporate information from a variety of
sources including:
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA),
State of Colorado/Colorado Department of Public Health and the Environment (CDPHE),
Urban Drainage and Flood Control District (UDFCD), and
Northwest Colorado Council of Governments (NWCCOG).
It is important to understand that these regulations are subject to change and/or alterations. For
the most up to date copy please contact the City of Aspen Engineering Department.
1.1 PURPOSE
Some construction activities and materials have the potential to pollute our streams, rivers, and
lakes if transported during storms or snowmelt. When construction disturbs land, the soil is
more easily eroded during rainfall, snowmelt, and wind events. Eroded soil, referred to as
sediment, is the greatest pollutant to rivers in Colorado and Aspen. Sediment endangers water
resources by reducing water quality and causing the siltation of aquatic habitat for fish and other
desirable species. Other pollutants, such as petroleum products, metals, and nutrients, easily
attach to soil making sediment even more toxic. Eroded soil also necessitates the cleaning
and/or repair of sewers and ditches and the dredging of water bodies. Therefore clearing,
grading, and vehicle tracking during construction creates the need for erosion prevention and
sediment control on construction sites.
Pollutants other than sediment, such as concrete, solvents, oil, grease and metals, also cause
degradation of water quality in receiving streams, and therefore must also be prevented or
reduced through construction site stormwater management practices.
The City of Aspen requires compliance with the criteria in this chapter in order to
eliminate or reduce the discharge of pollutants in stormwater runoff, and prohibits the
discharge of pollutants from construction sites to the City’s stormwater system. These
criteria should be followed from start of earth disturbance until final landscaping and stormwater
quality measures are effectively in place and accepted by the City. The goal of these
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requirements is to decrease the amount of pollutants entering the stormwater system from
construction and other land disturbing activities.
The following erosion prevention, sediment control, and pollution prevention measures are
designed to safeguard persons, protect property, minimize water quality and other
environmental impacts, and promote the public welfare by guiding, regulating, and assisting the
design, construction, use, and maintenance of any development or activity which disturbs or
breaks the topsoil or results in the movement of earth on land greater than 1000 square
feet in the City of Aspen, Colorado.
1.11 General Requirements
A Construction Stormwater Management Plan (Construction SWMP) must be developed
before a project begins that identifies pollution prevention measures and erosion
prevention and sediment control (EPSC) measures that are appropriate for the actual site
conditions and construction plans for each site – generic plans will not be approved.
The Construction SWMP shall contain a narrative report as well as site plan maps for each
phase of the project. The appropriate schedule of implementation shall be identified as well as
detailed plans shown on plan sheets with appropriate contours for each phase of the project that
will minimize pollution, erosion, and sediment transport.
The Construction SWMP shall be submitted to the City of Aspen as part of the Construction
Mitigation Plan (CMP) and along with the grading and drainage plans in order to obtain a
building or landscape and grading permit. Plans for grading and erosion control should be
considered in the early stages of site planning and drainage design. The Construction SWMP
may have to be modified at the time a final site development plan is prepared in order to better
address the site conditions as the plan changes. This modified plan, the final Construction
SWMP, must be approved by the City of Aspen before ground-breaking activities can occur.
EPSC measures must be designed according to size, slope, and soil type of disturbed drainage
areas in order to prevent erosion and to capture sediment. Potential sources of pollution that
might affect quality of stormwater discharges from the site, and practices that will be
implemented to prevent that pollution, must be identified and described as part of the
Construction SWMP. In addition, sites discharging directly to waters of the state or the City’s
stormwater system might be required to meet stricter requirements as determined by the City
Engineer or City Stormwater Manager.
Implementation of the Construction SWMP (i.e., installation of measures) begins when
construction begins, before the initial clearing, grubbing, and grading operations, since these
activities can usually increase erosion potential on the site. Implementation and maintenance of
pollution prevention measures and EPSC measures are the responsibility of the permit holder
and the project/property owner. Because site conditions will affect the suitability and
effectiveness of pollution prevention and EPSC measures, the SWMP is a dynamic document
that should be referred to frequently, amended and updated as necessary, and kept on site
available for review by City of Aspen staff upon request . The City reserves the right to require
the permit holder and/or property owner to develop and implement additional measures to
prevent and control pollution as needed.
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Pollution Prevention
Pollution prevention for construction within the City of Aspen requires compliance with the
following criteria:
1. Develop Construction SWMP - The Construction SWMP must identify potential
sources of pollution that may reasonably be expected to affect the quality of stormwater
discharging from the site.
2. Practice Good Housekeeping - The Construction SWMP must describe standard
operating procedures and practices that will be implemented to prevent the release of
pollutants to the stormwater system from construction activities.
a. Perform activities in a manner to keep potential pollutants from coming into
contact with stormwater.
b. Prevent spills and leaks (i.e. hydraulic fluid from leaky vehicles or equipment)
c. Use phasing principals to limit areas of disturbance.
3. Contain Materials and Waste – Areas used for staging of construction activities and the
storage of soil, chemicals, petroleum-based products and waste materials, including
solid and liquid waste, shall be designed to prevent discharge of pollutants in the runoff
from the construction site.
a. Store construction, building, and waste materials in designated areas, protected
from rainfall and contact with stormwater run-on and runoff.
b. Dispose of all construction waste in designated areas (e.g. concrete may only be
disposed of in a designated concrete wash-out area), and keep stormwater from
flowing onto or off of these areas.
c. Properly clean and dispose of spilled materials.
4. Dewatering – If it is determined that site dewatering will be required, the permit holder /
and or property owner must obtain a Construction Dewatering Permit for the CDPHE
division of water resources.
Erosion Prevention and Sediment Control
Erosion prevention and sediment control for construction within the City of Aspen requires
compliance with the following criteria:
1. Develop Construction SWMP – The Construction SWMP plan must demonstrate how
stormwater, erosion, and sediment will be handled throughout construction.
2. Control Site Perimeter – Construction activities and their impacts must be controlled
within the limits of the site.
a. Delineate the site perimeter on the plans and in the field to prevent disturbing
areas outside of the project limits.
b. Divert upstream run-on safely around or through the construction project.
Diversions must not cause downstream property damage and cannot be diverted
into another watershed.
c. Construction vehicles and equipment may enter and exit the site at only one
designated access point. This exit must be stabilized with gravel or other
appropriate material throughout the duration of the project.
3. Minimize Disturbed Areas – Construction activities must be scheduled in correct
sequences to minimize the total amount of exposed soil at any given time.
a. Only clear land which will be actively under construction in the near term (e.g.
within the next 1-2 months).
b. Minimize new land disturbance during the spring runoff/snow melt season.
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c. Avoid clearing or disturbing sensitive areas, such as steep slopes and natural
waterways, where site improvements will not be constructed or are not
necessary.
4. Stabilize Disturbed Areas – Disturbed areas must be permanently or temporarily
stabilized as soon as possible, but no later than 14 days after last worked, whenever
active construction is not occurring on that portion of the site. Disturbed areas must be
stabilized by November 15th of each year to minimize erosion and sediment transport
that occurs during spring snow melt.
5. Protect Slopes and Channels – Concentrated stormwater flows shall be avoided or the
conveyance system shall be protected sufficiently to prevent significant erosion.
a. Safely convey runoff from the top of the slope and stabilize disturbed slopes as
quickly as possible.
b. Avoid disturbing natural channels.
c. Ensure the runoff velocity caused by project does not erode channel bottoms.
6. Install and Maintain EPSC Measures – All sites must minimize pollution potential by
installing and maintaining erosion prevention and sediment control measures throughout
the duration of any project.
a. Erosion prevention measures are those BMPs used to limit erosion of soil from
disturbed areas on the site. Erosion prevention measures are required for all
disturbed areas. Examples include: Contour Tracking, Rolled Erosion Control
Products, Hydro Mulching and similar activities.
b. Sediment control measures are those BMPs the limit the transport of sediment
off-site or downstream of disturbed areas. Sediment control measures are
required for all disturbed areas. The most commonly used sediment containment
is silt fencing.
c. Use non-structural and structural best management practices (BMPs) described
in this chapter.
d. All sites must be inspected regularly by a representative from the project to
document the condition and effectiveness of BMPs.
7. Retain Sediment - Sediment control measures are required at all points where
stormwater leaves the site as concentrated flow and at any other points where sediment
has the potential to leave the site. Sediment-laden runoff will be considered a
violation of City of Aspen code and can receive fines up to $1000 per day that the
site is in violation.
Best Management Practices
Best Management Practices (BMPs) are activities or controls that are implemented to reduce
the potential of discharging pollutants to the stormwater system and include pollution prevention
measures and EPSC measures.
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2.1 Permit and Construction Process
Step 1 – Develop Construction SWMP
The owner or the contractor should secure the services of a professional engineer
knowledgeable in construction management practices and the City of Aspen requirements for
stormwater management during construction to develop the Construction SWMP. The SWMP
must be submitted as a portion of the CMP along with the building permit application. The
Construction SWMP will be reviewed by the City and its comments will need to be addressed
before a building permit will be issued.
Projects that disturb greater than one acre of land will also need to apply for a Construction
General Permit with the CDPHE. This application also requires the submittal of a SWMP. The
Construction SWMP developed for the purposes of construction within the City of Aspen should
be adequate to submit with the Construction General Permit Application.
The Construction SWMP shall consist of a written narrative report and a site plan map
describing the erosion prevention and sediment control measures to be implemented at the site.
Narrative Report
The narrative report must contain, or refer to, the drainage report for the site and should contain,
at the minimum, the following:
1. Contact Information – The names, addresses, email addresses and phone numbers of
the project/property owner, the applicant or permit holder, the professional engineer
preparing the Construction SWMP, and the site person that will be responsible for
implementation of the Construction SWMP.
2. Project Description - A brief description of the nature and purpose of the land disturbing
activity, the total area of the site, the area of disturbance involved, and project location
including township, range, section, and quarter-section, or the latitude and longitude, of
the approximate center of the project.
3. Existing Site Conditions - A description of the existing topography, vegetation, and
drainage; and a description of any water bodies or conveyances on the site.
4. Downstream/Receiving Waters - Identification of the stormwater system downstream of
the site including the receiving water body (e.g. Roaring Fork River).
5. Adjacent Areas - A description of neighboring areas including streams, lakes, residential
areas, roads, etc., which might be affected by the land disturbance.
6. Soils - A brief description of the soils on the site including information on soil type and
character.
7. Historic Conditions – Areas of historic contamination (natural, mining, industrial or
agricultural) should be described.
8. Areas and Volumes - An estimate of the quantity (in cubic yards) of excavation and fill
involved, and the surface area (in square feet and acres) of the proposed disturbance.
9. Pollution Prevention Measures – A description of the potential sources of pollution from
construction activities and materials and the methods described in this chapter which will
be used to prevent pollution to the stormwater system. Descriptions
10. Timing of Construction Activity – A schedule indicating the anticipated starting and
completion time periods of the site grading and/or construction sequence, including the
installation and removal time periods of erosion and sediment control measures, and the
time of exposure of each area prior to the installation of temporary EPSC measures.
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11. EPSC Measures - A description of the methods described in this chapter which will be
used to prevent erosion and control sediment on the site. Descriptions must be site
specific. Generic or general statements are not acceptable.
12. Permanent Stabilization - A brief description, including specifications and the
landscaping plan, of how the site will be stabilized after construction is completed.
13. Stormwater Management Considerations – A description of how stormwater runoff from
and through the site will be handled during construction. Provide a brief description of
the post-construction stormwater quality control measures to be included as a part of the
site development.
14. Inspection and Maintenance - A description of how each EPSC and pollution prevention
measure will be maintained and a statement that the site will be inspected at least once
every 14 calendar days and 24 hours before / after forecasted storm events to determine
SWMP accuracy and effectiveness; proper installation, location, and condition of EPSC
measures; and implementation of construction activity pollution prevention measures. An
alternative of inspecting every 7 calendar days regardless of precipitation events or
forecasts may also be used. Inspection and maintenance reports should be completed
and kept on site following each inspection and made available to City of Aspen staff
upon request. Any loss of sediment from the site should be noted and kept in file with
these reports, including date and estimated amount of sediment loss and what activities
were performed to ensure that sediment loss would not occur again.
15. Calculations - Any calculations made for the design of such items as sediment basins,
diversions, or waterways; and calculations for runoff and stormwater detention basin
design (if applicable).
16. Other information or data as may be reasonably required by the City of Aspen.
17. The following note - "This Construction Stormwater Management Plan has been placed
in the City of Aspen file for this project, and appears to fulfill the City of Aspen criteria for
the management of construction activities and associated erosion and sedimentation
controls. I understand that additional control measures may be needed if unforeseen
pollutant transport problems are determined by City of Aspen to occur during this project
or if the submitted plan does not function as intended. The requirements of this plan
shall run with the land and be the obligation of the owner until such time as the project
covered by this plan is properly completed, modified or voided."
18. Signature page for owner/developer acknowledging the review and acceptance of
responsibility, a statement by the Professional Engineer acknowledging responsibility for
the preparation of the SWMP, and a signature of the site representative that will be
responsible for implementation of the SWMP in the field acknowledging that they have
reviewed and agree to implement and maintain the proposed measures as designed or
altered as necessary while meeting the intent of the design.
Site Plan
A plan sheet(s) size 24”x36” that shows the location of erosion prevention and sediment control
measures with appropriate contours for each phase of the project must be submitted in addition
to the narrative report. The site plan(s) must show:
1. A general location map at a scale of 1-inch to 1,000-feet to 1-inch to 8,000-feet
indicating the general vicinity of the site location.
2. The property lines for the site on which the work will be performed.
3. The construction SWMP at a scale of 1-inch to 20-feet up to 1-inch to 200-feet with
separate sheets for each phase of site development construction.
4. Existing topography at one- or two-foot contour intervals. The map should extend a
minimum of 100-feet beyond the property line or beyond the project’s soil disturbance
limits, whichever is larger.
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5. Proposed topography at one- or two-foot contour intervals. The map should show
elevations, dimensions, location, extent and the slope of all proposed grading, including
building site and driveway grades.
6. Delineation of the entire area draining to the site, drainage areas within the site,
and discharge points from each drainage area.
7. Location of all existing structures and hydrologic features on the site.
8. Location of all structures and natural features on the land adjacent to the site and within
a minimum of 100 feet of the site boundary line.
9. Delineation of trees and natural feature conservation areas such as steep slopes or
natural channels.
10. Location of the storm sewer, street gutter, channel or other waters receiving storm runoff
from the site.
11. Location of all proposed structures including drainage features, paved areas, retaining
walls, cribbing, plantings and development for the site.
12. Limits of clearing and grading.
13. Location of construction entrance/exit.
14. Location of soil stockpiles - Areas designated for topsoil and subsoil storage.
15. Location of storage equipment maintenance and temporary disposal areas - Areas
designated for equipment, fuel, lubricants, chemicals and all temporary construction
waste storage. All these areas shall be cleaned out and reclaimed at end of project and
waste disposed at legal disposal sites.
16. Location of designated concrete washout and a statement that concrete washout must
occur within this location or hauled back to the batch plant.
17. Location of temporary roads designated for use during the construction period.
18. Location of temporary and permanent soil erosion control measures and sediment
control measures. Depict all EPSC measures using the standard map symbols given in
Figure C1-1. If the project will experience several phases of construction, a plan sheet
must be submitted for each phase with the appropriate contours and EPSC measures
depicted on the plan for that phase.
19. Detail drawings and specifications - Design drawings and specifications for erosion and
sediment controls, temporary diversions and all other practices used for each phase of
site development.
20. Other information or data as may be reasonably required by the City.
21. The following note: "This Construction Stormwater Management Plan has been placed in
the City of Aspen file for this project and appears to fulfill applicable erosion control and
construction management criteria. I understand that additional measures may be
required of the owner due to unforeseen erosion, sediment or other pollutant transport
off the site or if the submitted plan does not function as intended. The requirements of
this plan shall run with the land and be the obligation of the owner until such time as the
project covered by this plan is properly completed, modified or voided".
19. Signature block for owner/developer acknowledging the review and acceptance of
responsibility, a signed and stamped statement by the Professional Engineer
acknowledging responsibility for the preparation of the SWMP, and a signature of the
site representative that will be responsible for implementation of the SWMP in the field.
Should the field representative change, this block should be updated with a signature of
the current site representative that will be responsible for implementation of the SWMP.
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Step 2 – Approval of Construction SWMP
The Construction SWMP must be approved prior to issuance of a Building Permit by the City.
The final SWMP must be consistent with a Drainage Report accepted by the City of Aspen
Engineering Department. However, approval of the SWMP does not imply acceptance or
approval of Drainage Plans, Utility Plans, Street or Road Plans, Design of Retaining Walls or
any other aspect of site development.
2.2.1 Exemptions and Variances
These are generally processed according to the applicable municipal regulations and reviewed
on a case-by-case basis.
1. Exemptions from the erosion control planning process may be considered for any of the
following by the local jurisdiction if their MS4 permit so allows; however, exempting the owner
from the preparation and submittal of a SWMP and/or from applying for a grading permit does
not exempt the owner from controlling erosion and sediment movement off the construction site:
a. Agricultural use of land.
b. Grading or an excavation below finished grade for basements, footings, retaining walls, or
other structures on single family lots not a part of a larger development or redevelopment
project and disturbing a total land surface of less than one (1) acre in size unless required
otherwise by local jurisdiction.
c. A sidewalk or driveway authorized by a valid permit.
d. Land-disturbing activities involving less than a total of one (1) acre of disturbed area.
Individual lots involving less than one (1) acre of disturbed area in a larger land use change
project shall not be considered separate development projects, but rather as a part of the
subdivision development as a whole and are not eligible for an exemption. It will be the
responsibility of the homeowner or homebuilder to conform to all requirements of the locally-
approved SWMP for the development or redevelopment. As part of any Building Permit within a
larger development for which an individual erosion control plan is not required, it is
recommended the following statement be included: "We have reviewed the Construction Storm
Water Management Plan for (subdivision name) and agree to conform to all requirements
contained therein and all erosion control requirements of the (insert name of municipality) and
the State of Colorado. We further agree to construct and maintain all erosion and sediment
control measures required on the individual lot(s) subject to this Building Permit and/or in
accordance with the provisions of the Construction Best Management Practices chapter of the
Manual published by the Urban Drainage and Flood Control District."
e. Underground utility construction including the installation, maintenance and repair of all
utilities under hard-surfaced roads, streets or sidewalks provided such land-disturbing activity is
confined to the area which is hard-surfaced and provided that runoff and erosion from soil
stockpiles are confined and will not enter the drainage system.
f. Gravel, sand, dirt or topsoil removal as authorized pursuant to approval of the Colorado Mined
Land Reclamation Board, provided said approval includes a construction activities
management, erosion and sediment control plan that meets the minimums specified.
g. Projects having a period of exposure (from time of land disturbance until permanent erosion
control measures are installed) of less than 14 days.
h. Where the owner certifies in writing to the City of Aspen and the City of Aspen agrees in
writing that the planned work and the final structures or topographical changes will not result in,
or contribute to, soil erosion or sediment discharges to any waterway or irrigation ditch and will
not interfere with any existing drainage course or waterway in such a manner as to cause
damage to any adjacent property, or result in the deposition of debris or sediment on any public
right-of-way, will not present any hazard to any persons or property, and will have no
detrimental influence upon the public welfare, or upon other properties in the watershed.
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2. Variances – The City of Aspen may consider waiving or modifying any of the criteria which
are deemed inappropriate or too restrictive for site conditions by granting a variance, provided
such variance does not violate the laws of the State of Colorado or the Federal government.
Variances may be granted at the time of plan submission or request for plan revision. Variances
must be requested in accordance with the subdivision regulations and must define:
a. The criteria from which the applicant seeks a variance.
b. The justification for not complying with the criteria.
c. Alternate criteria or standard measures to be used in lieu of these criteria. The criteria and
practices specified within this section of the Manual relate to the application of specific erosion
and sediment control practices. Other practices or modifications to specified practices may be
used if approved by the municipality prior to installation. Such practices must be thoroughly
described and detailed to the satisfaction of the local municipality reviewing and approving the
erosion control plan. To expedite the review and decisions on variance requests, it is suggested
that a variance request be included with, or submitted prior to, the initial SWMP submittal.
Step 3 – Project Construction – Installation, Maintenance, and Inspections
During the construction phase, the following sequence is recommended for the implementation
of the project and the SWMP:
1. During preparation of the Construction SWMP, the contractor designated a manager for the
implementation of the SWMP. This person will be responsible for implementing all permit
conditions and will communicate with City inspectors and inspectors from other agencies.
2. Install all BMPs shown on the SWMP that need to be installed in advance of proceeding with
construction, such as construction fencing and limits of disturbance, tree and other natural area
protections, construction exits, silt fences, inlet protection, etc.
3. Identify construction equipment and materials storage and maintenance areas and install
BMPs to prevent pollutant migration from them.
4. Notify the City that the site is ready for initial inspection.
5. Install any additional BMPs that are called for in the SWMP before grading begins.
a. Strip off and stockpile topsoil for reuse. Insure that soil stockpile is not located in a
drainage path, downhill of a significant drainage area, is protected from erosion and dust
migration, and that a sediment control measure is located downstream.
b. Mulch areas that will remain undisturbed for more than two weeks during the April
through September rainstorm season (e.g., stockpiles and overlot graded areas that will
remain dormant for extended period of time), or for more than a month during the
October through March period.
c. Insure that BMPs that need to be installed at different times during the project are
installed when called for in the SWMP or by the City’s inspector and are in full operation
before construction activities begin in areas served by them.
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d. Inspections by site Supervisor / Professional Engineer
e. Inspections by City will occur regularly to inspect for general compliance with the
approved plan.
f. Maintenance by the permit holder / and or property owner is required for all BMP’s
regardless of the stage of construction.
g. Maintenance time frame from City
h. Enforcement from City will occur at any time when a permit holder / and or property
owner is in violation of the SWWP. Enforcement will escalate from verbal notices of
corrective actions to stop work orders based on the number of violations or the severity
of any one single violation.
Step 4 – Project Completion – Stabilization, Re-vegetation, and CO
Re-vegetate the site as called for in the SWMP.
1. After all work has been completed in an area
a. including stabilization and re-vegetation,
b. clean out and restore any post construction BMPs that may have been used for
construction sediment controls.
After all work has been completed on site, prepare the site for a CO inspection by the City and
arrange for this inspection by calling (970)920-5448. Correct all deficiencies and call for follow-
up inspection.
The owner or contractor needs to arrange for inspection by the local jurisdiction when the
vegetation has reached acceptable level of coverage and maturity. This could take months. In
the meantime, the owner or contractor need to inspect the site on a regular basis to determine if
there are deficiencies or damage that need to be addressed. The owner is responsible for the
performance of all erosion and sedimentation control installations until such time the site’s re-
vegetation is deemed acceptable and a written notice is provided to the owner by the local
jurisdiction.
Once re-vegetation has been accepted, request release of any surety, letters of credit or other
financial guarantees the local jurisdiction may have required the permit holder provide at the
time the permit is issued. A closure of the construction activities permit from the State should
also be pursued at this time.
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H – Construction Waste Management Plan
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1
CONSTRUCTION WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN:
PRE-PROJECT ESTIMATES
This form must be completed for the following types of projects:
All New Construction
All Demolition, (excluding single family & duplex)
Addition/Alteration with construction valuation exceeding $50,000 (excluding single family &
duplex residential)
Company Name:____________________________ Contact Person:___________________________
Address:___________________________________ Telephone #:______________________________
Project Location/Address:_________________________________________________________________
Contractor:________________________________ Architect:__________________________________
Contact Person:____________________________ Contact Person:_____________________________
Telephone #:_______________________________ Telephone #:________________________________
Recycling Coordinators:___________________________________________________________________
Project Description:______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Waste Management Goal:
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2
This project will recycle or salvage for reuse a minimum of ______ % by weight of the waste
generated on-site.
Waste Prevention Planning:
Compliance with City of Aspen mandatory recycling requirements for businesses. Mandatory
recyclables (mixed recycling) include:
o newspaper
o corrugated cardboard
o white and colored office paper
o plastic and glass bottles and jars
o metal cans
Compliance with Pitkin County’s Landfill Bans, i.e. no disposal of tires, appliances, yard waste,
mandatory recyclables, hazardous waste, batteries, fluorescent tubes, electronic waste and large
metal items.
The General Contractor will contractually require all subcontractors to comply with the
mandatory recycling requirements.
The Construction Waste Reduction Plan shall be implemented and executed as follows and as on
the chart:
o Salvageable materials will be diverted from disposal where feasible.
o There will be a designated area on the construction site reserved for dumpsters
which are specifically labeled for respective materials to be received.
o Hazardous waste will be managed by a licensed hazardous waste vendor.
Communication & Education Plan:
As each new subcontractor comes on site, the recycling coordinators will present him/her with a
copy of the Waste Management Plan and provide a tour of the recycling areas.
All recycling containers will be clearly labeled. Containers shall be located in close proximity to the
building(s) under construction in which recyclables/salvageable materials will be placed.
Recycling coordinators shall inspect the containers on a weekly basis to insure that no contamination
is occurring and precautions shall also be taken to deter any contamination by the public.
Waste Hauler(s): Company:
Contact:
Waste Disposal Fees (fees vary by landfill):
o Mixed C&D $______ / ton
o Scrap Metal $______ / ton (free at PCSWC)
o Soil & Rock $______ / ton
o Asphalt $______ / ton
o Yard Waste $______ / ton
o Recycling $______ / ton
Recycling Calculation (Optional):
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3
If all construction waste was disposed in landfill and none was diverted through salvage, reuse, or
recycling: _______ tons x $_______ / ton = $ ______ (Waste)
Recycling or Reuse or Salvage: _______ tons (not dumped into landfill) x $ _______ / ton (Recycling)
Waste $ _______ - Recycling $ _______= $_________________ TOTAL POTENTIAL SAVINGS
Worksheet to estimate the specific materials involved in the waste management plan (This may be done
on a separate sheet):
1. Salvage Yes No
Do you plan to salvage materials from this project prior to demolition or
construction?
If YES, list the materials that will be salvaged
(e.g., doors, windows, casing, toilets, sinks,
fixtures, wood siding, tiles, etc.)
Facility or Salvage company receiving
material.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
2. Source Separation Yes No
Do you plan to source separate any materials for delivery to a recycling
facility (e.g. separation of material such as wood, concrete, metal into separate
bins)?
Materials Hauler Facility
3. On-Site Use Yes No
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4
Do you plan any on-site reuse activities for this project (e.g. reuse of wood
forms for concrete, on-site crushing of concrete for on-site use, use of reusable
containers or pallets for material deliveries, etc.)?
If, please describe:
4. Disposal at Landfill Yes No
Will any materials be disposed of (not recycled or salvaged) at the landfill?
Estimate the number of tons of material to be taken to the landfill for disposal: __________ tons
Comments:
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5
HERE ARE SOME RESOURCES TO SALVAGE/REUSE/RECYCLE MATERIALS:
Material Estimated Quantity Options Facility Options
Landscape debris Keep separate for reuse
and/or wood sale; Recycle
Pitkin County Solid Waste
Center
Clean dimensional wood
and palette wood
Keep separate for reuse by
on-site construction or by site
employees for reuse in home
projects; Recycle
ReStore; Pitkin County Solid
Waste Center; On-Site;
Employees
Plywood, OSB, particle
board
Reuse; Recycle Pitkin County Solid Waste
Center
Painted or treated wood Reuse; Recycle Pitkin County Solid Waste
Center
Concrete Recycle
Pitkin County Solid Waste
Center
Concrete Masonry Units Recycle; Keep separate for
re-use by on-site construction
or by site employees
Pitkin County Solid Waste
Center; On-Site; Employees
Metals Recycle
Precious Metals Recovery
(970-963-8877); Pitkin
County Solid Waste Center
Paint Recycle (Colorado Bill SB14-
029 prohibits paint going into
the landfill)
ReStore; Pitkin County Solid
Waste Center; Local Paint
Stores
Window Glass Recycle; Keep separate for
re-use by on-site
construction or by site
employees
ReStore; On-Site;
Employees; Pitkin County
Solid Waste Center
Mixed Recyclables:
Plastics, Aluminum, Paper,
Newsprint, Glass bottles
Mandatory recycling of these
materials
Pitkin County Solid Waste
Center; Paper Wise (970-945-
2885)
Cabinets, Fixtures, Doors,
Windows, Equipment
(Stoves, Bathtub),
Plumbing
Reuse; Resale; Recycle ReStore; Onsite; Pitkin County
Solid Waste Center
Cardboard Mandatory recycling Pitkin County Solid Waste
Center
TOTAL
Deconstruction Firms:
Aspen Deconstruction (aspendeconstruction.com)
Colorado Deconstruction (coloradodemolition.com)
The Reuse People (deconstructioncolorado.com
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1
CONSTRUCTION WASTE MANAGEMENT REPORT:
POST-PROJECT TOTALS
This form must be completed for the following types of projects:
All New Construction
All Demolition, (excluding single family & duplex)
Addition/Alteration with construction valuation exceeding $50,000 (excluding single family & duplex
residential)
Completed Summary Reports must be submitted prior to sign off at Final Inspection and issuance of certificate
of occupancy or temporary certificate of occupancy. Call (970) 429-1831 or email
liz.oconnell@cityofaspen.com with inquiries regarding this form.
Permit #:_____________________________________
Project Address: (include floor, suite, etc.): _____________________________________________________
Contact Name: __________________________________ Title: ____________________________________
Company: _______________________________________________________________________________
Contact Mailing Address:___________________________________________________________________
City________________________________________ State___________ ZIP_______________________
Phone: _________________ Fax: __________________ Email: ____________________________________
PLEASE CHECK ALL THAT APPLY:
1. Project Type: New Construction Addition/Alteration Demolition
2. Building Type: Non-Residential Single Family/Duplex Apartment/Multifamily
Sewer/Storm Drain Streets/Sidewalks/Traffic Bridge
Landscape/Parks/Open Space
3. Size of Project ___________________ sq. ft. Project Valuation $ _______________________
4. Completion Date _______/________/__________
5. Describe any difficulties you encountered in complying with your waste management plan and
tell us how to remedy the problem in the future.
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______________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
For City Use Only: Application Filed ____/____/____ Application Received ____/____/____
Diversion Goal Approved Good Cause Non-Attainment Conditional Approval
Not Approved, reason _________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Permit #: Address:
REQUIREMENT:
Instructions: Using receipts and invoices list the tonnage of materials recycled during construction and
demolition. See the Conversion Worksheet to change all materials to tons. Complete the chart below and
make sure your column totals are correct. Include destinations for all materials. Please indicate if the receipts
are attached as pdf, compressed file or USB-drive.
Use Materials Conversion Worksheet to convert from cubic yards, square feet, board feet, etc. to tons.
Column A – Tons of material taken to the landfill for disposal (not salvage, reuse or recycle).
Columns B, C, D – Quantities of each type of material to be salvaged, reused, or recycled.
Column E – list vendors or facilities used for salvage or reuse, recycling, or disposal.
Column F - Receipts attached –if not attached, indicate why not.
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Material Type
A
B
C
D
E
F
Total TONS
Disposed at
Landfill
Salvage or
Reuse
(by weight)
Recycling
(Source
Separated
Materials in
tons)
Compost
(tons)
Actual
Facility
Used
Receipt
Attached
(pdf, word,
or zip drive)
Asphalt/Concrete
**DO NOT INCLUDE ASPHALT/CONCRETE IN TOTAL OR CALCULATION BELOW**
Material Type
A
B
C
D
E
F
Total TONS
Disposed at
Landfill
Salvage
or
Reuse
Recycling
(Source
Separated
Materials)
Compost
Actual
Facility
Used
Receipt
Attached
(pdf, word,
or zip drive)
Mixed C&D Waste
Cabinets, Fixtures
Doors, Windows,
Equipment
Wood
Metal
Cardboard
Landscape Debris
(Brush, Chips,
Stumps)
Mixed Recyclables
(Plastic,
Aluminum,
Paper)
Other (Describe)
Column Totals
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4
*Please reference volume-to-weight conversion table.
Fill in the blanks below to calculate your recycling rate.
Column Totals A + B + C + D = _______ (total waste created) ÷ ______ (B+C+D; total waste diverted) =
_______ ×100 = _______ % Diverted
Print Name: _________________________________________
Signature: ___________________________________________ Date: __________________________
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I – Holiday Season Dates
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Holiday Restricted Hours in Core
Christmas Restricted Hours in CRA
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday
Dec 21 Dec 22 Dec 23
Dec 24 Dec 25 Dec 26 Dec 27 Dec 28 Dec 29 Dec 30
Dec 31 Jan 1 Jan 2 Jan3
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday
Dec 20 Dec 21 Dec 22
Dec 23 Dec 24 Dec 25 Dec 26 Dec 27 Dec 28 Dec 29
Dec 30 Dec 31 Jan 1 Jan 2
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday
Dec 21 Dec 20 Dec 21
Dec 22 Dec 23 Dec 24 Dec 25 Dec 26 Dec 27 Dec 28
Dec 29 Dec 30 Dec 31 Jan 1 Jan 2
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday
Dec 20 Dec 21 Dec 20
Dec 21 Dec 22 Dec 23 Dec 24 Dec 25 Dec 26 Dec 27
Dec 28 Dec 29 Dec 30 Dec 31 Jan 1
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday
Dec 20 Dec 21
Dec 20 Dec 21 Dec 22 Dec 23 Dec 24 Dec 25 Dec 26
Dec 27 Dec 28 Dec 29 Dec 30 Dec 31 Jan 1
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday
Dec 20
Dec 21 Dec 20 Dec 21 Dec 22 Dec 23 Dec 24 Dec 25
Dec 26 Dec 27 Dec 28 Dec 29 Dec 30 Dec 31 Jan 1
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday
Dec 21 Dec 22 Dec 23 Dec 24
Dec 25 Dec 26 Dec 27 Dec 28 Dec 29 Dec 30 Dec 31
Jan 1 Jan 2 Jan3
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MEMORANDUM
TO: Mayor and City Council
FROM : Justin Forman, P.E., Senior Project Manager
THRU: Trish Aragon, P.E., City Engineer
DATE OF MEMO: January 29, 2016
MEETING DATE: February 02, 2016
RE: Mill Street Complete Streets
SUMMARY: Staff seeks input and to provide an update to City Council regarding the Mill Street
Complete Streets project. The goals for the work session include the following:
Discuss the recent traffic study that was performed after the changes to the Mill Street & Main
Street intersection
Provide an update and acquire input on the landscape design for the permanent island
Provide an update for 2016 work
Discuss the project budget and acquire input on remaining funding.
BACKGROUND: The Mill Street Complete Street project follows the ideals of The AACP. The
Plan states “Aspen’s future should be one in which the automobile plays a smaller role in
people’s everyday lives… (We) should increase the percentage of trips made via alternative
modes of transportation. This can be accomplished by continuing to make….. the pedestrian/bike
trail system more convenient, efficient, accessible, affordable and enjoyable. ….. Our
commitment to alternative modes of transportation helps reduce traffic congestion, improves air
quality, reduces greenhouse gas emissions, promotes public health and reduces our dependence
on non – renewable resources.”
Additionally this project follows the city’s Complete Street Principals:
The following guiding principles are to ensure that transportation improvements are planned, designed and
constructed to encourage walking, bicycling and transit use while promoting safe operations for all users:
(a) Plan for, design and construct all new transportation improvement projects to provide appropriate
accommodation for pedestrians, bicyclists, transit riders, and persons of all abilities, while
promoting safe operation for all users.
(b) Operate and maintain the transportation network to improve travel conditions for bicyclists,
pedestrians, transit, and motorists in a manner consistent with, and supportive of, the surrounding
community;
(c) Improvements will include an array of facilities and amenities including: street and sidewalk
lighting; pedestrian and bicycle safety improvements; intersection improvements; access
improvements, including compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act; public transit
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facilities accommodation including, but not limited, to pedestrian access improvement to transit
stops and stations; street trees and landscaping; drainage; and street amenities;
(d) Implement these policies with a master plan approach recognizing that all streets are different and
in each case user needs must be balanced
Priority pedestrian and traffic safety projects were presented to City Council during a July 28th
2009 work session meeting. These were pedestrian and traffic safety projects in various locations
throughout the City. Council prioritized these projects and selected Mill Street as one of the
projects to be funded with the Public Amenity Fund.
In January 2012, City Council approved the design services for the Mill Street Complete Streets
Project. The design team identified 4 zones of distinct character along the corridor; Main Street to
Bleeker Street, Bleeker Street to Rio Grande Place, Rio Grande Place to Puppy Smith, and Puppy
Smith Road to Gibson Avenue. The 4 zones can be found on Attachment A.
Due to the unique nature of the corridor, specific safety concerns, and coordination with adjacent
projects (The Mill Building, Pitkin County Library, CDOT Signal Pole Replacement, and Galena
Plaza). A strategic, phased implementation schedule was implemented to provide the most benefit
to the public.
In 2012/2013 the design for the project was completed.
In 2014, the stormwater infrastructure improvements were installed in the zone from Bleeker Street
to Rio Grande Place.
In 2015, the zone from Rio Grande Place to Puppy Smith Street was completed with a temporary
island. Also in 2015, The Mill Building project redeveloped their right of way along Mill Street
following the Complete Street plans.
DISCUSSION:
The discussion below will give an update on the recent traffic study performed after the changes to the
Mill & Main Street intersection and also provide an update and acquire input on the temporary island.
Mill and Main Traffic Analysis: In the spring of 2015, new signal pole installation by CDOT in
addition to a newly aligned intersection for vehicle safety and to accommodate future bike lanes was
completed. After this lane change, staff received a few concerns from the public that the level of service
for the intersection had decreased. Council directed staff to analyze the intersection to see what, if any,
improvements could be made.
Overall the results of the traffic study showed that the changes to the corridor are working without an
impact to the level of service at the intersection. However, the intersection can be improved, these
improvements will not have an effect on the level of service however it could improve the capacity of the
intersection. As a result, staff will seek approval from Colorado Department of Transportation for a change
to a left/straight lane and right turn only lane with an overlap phase. This will provide a benefit for right
turning vehicles because they will have their own turning phase not during the pedestrian crossing phase.
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This will also allow vehicles going straight to be in the left/straight lane to give further space and time for
right turning vehicles. Full results of the traffic study can be found in Attachment B.
Island Design: In 2015, the zone between Rio Grande Place and Puppy Smith was completed. Within this
phase included a pedestrian refuge island resulted in traffic calming and safe pedestrian access across the
roadway. A temporary island was installed as a “Living Lab” condition to give the community a chance to
test this future improvement.
Public Feedback on Island
From approximately June through October during the Living Lab test, staff reached out and received
public feedback on the island through several methods. The majority of all public feedback was positive
and wanted the island as a permanent feature. Below is a summary of the feedback:
Positive:
The island is fine, and offers excellent additional pedestrian protection. The RRFB
flashing signal is very effective, and should be considered for additional locations on
Main Street.
The Mill Street crossing, before the temporary island was put in, was “problematic”
due to “too much going on” to cross safely: especially bad in winter when snow
stacked in middle of road after a big dump. Pedestrians need a safe place to be while
crossing both lanes of traffic, easier one lane at a time.
The island landscaping should not have trees and the island it should have a more natural feel with
grasses, shrubs, and flowers.
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Public Feedback on Island Continued
Negative:
I do think that the pedestrian light at the crosswalk is a good idea, however, I do not
think that the pedestrian refuge island on Mill Street is necessary.
It (the island) clearly will need to be removed when winter comes as it would cause
accidents and is at the bottom of an icy hill. It is unnecessary. A painted crosswalk is
enough. It saved time to have two lanes on Mill Street. One for those going onto
Puppy Smith and one for those going toward Red Mountain. Let’s not forget that
Aspen was a mining town and keep true to some of its historical aesthetic.
Other:
Improve the connectivity to the Rio Grande Trail so that you could ride your bike
down Mill Street and connect directly with the Rio Grande Trail (by the Powerhouse).
Traffic Analysis of Island
In addition to the public feedback, the island was successful in reducing speeds through the corridor.
Below is a graph showing the speeds on Mill Street before the project and post project at the temporary
island. The 85th percentile is defined as the speed at which 85 percent of the vehicles are traveling at. Prior
to the island the 85th percentile was approximately 27 miles per hour (mph) while the island was installed it
was reduced to approximately 20 mph. The right sizing of the road in conjunction with the island helped to
bring traffic speeds at or below the current posted speed limit of 20 mph.
DECISION POINT
Staff requests input from Council on which landscape design they prefer for the permanent island.
Option #1
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Option #2
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Remaining Project Phases: The following areas will be completed with the Mill Street Complete Streets
project in 2016:
May through early June - installation of the permanent island and bicycle lane striping.
April -in conjunction with the improvements to the Pitkin County Library the alley and ADA ramp
to the north of the Library will be improved to ensure the new grade and slope changes work.
There are no plans at this time to modify the plan set for additional crosswalks only upgrade the
existing crossings.
Also worth mentioning but not a part of this project, approximately 100 linear feet of water line in
the roadway will need to be relocated in April from the Community Banks parking lot to Rio
Grande Place.
The following is a summary of the work that remains to be completed for each zone (Zone map is in
Attachment A).
Zone 1 – Main Street to Bleeker Street: This work includes right sizing the roadway, ADA
improvements to all existing crosswalks, installation of a rectangular rapid flashing beacon at the
midblock crossing at the library, sidewalk improvements, restriping the roadway that will include a
bike box, silva cells and streetscape improvements on both sides of the street. The Pitkin County
Library will be performing their portion of this project in 2016.
Zone 2 – Bleeker Street to Rio Grande Place: This work includes improving the garage alley
access, ADA improvements to all existing crosswalks, sidewalk improvements, restriping of the
roadway, silva cells and streetscape improvements on both sides of the road. The Mill Building
project will be finishing up their portion of the project in 2016.
Zone 3 – Rio Grande Place to Puppy Smith Road: Installation of the permanent island.
Zone 4 – Puppy Smith Road to Gibson Avenue: This works includes right sizing and restriping the
roadway, ADA improvements to the existing crosswalks at the north side of the Puppy Smith
intersection, sidewalk and streetscape improvements. This work will be on both sides of the road
ending just before the Mill Street Bridge.
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At this time, the project is not fully funded. As a result there are portions of the project that will be placed
on hold until further funding is available. Below is a map depicting those areas that will not be completed
at this time.
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FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS:
Funding Allocated
Mill Street Project (Acct# 000.15.94077) $1,067,347.82
Current Expenditures
Construction and design spent to date $794,744.86
2016 Funding Expenditures
Permanent Island, ADA/Alley at Library, Bicycle Striping $270,420.34
Funding Remaining after 2016 $2,182.62
Proposed Future Expenditures
Zone 1 – Main Street to Bleeker Street $345,000.00
Zone 2 – Bleeker Street to Rio Grande Place $200,000.00
Zone 4 – Puppy Smith to Gibson Avenue $245,000.00
Additional Estimated Future Funding Required $790,000.00
CITY MANAGER COMMENTS:
Attachment A: Mill Street Complete Streets Corridor in Zones
Attachment B: Mill Street Traffic Study
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kimley-horn.com 4582 South Ulster Street, Suite 1500, Denver, CO 80237 303 228 2300
Memorandum
To:Mr. Eli Farney, P.E., PTOE
Transportation Group Lead
JR Engineering, LLC
7200 South Alton Way
Suite C400
Centennial, CO 80112
From: Curtis D. Rowe, P.E., PTOE
Date: January 26, 2016
Re: North Mill Street Traffic Data Collection and Evaluation
After Conditions Study
Aspen, Colorado
This memorandum presents the results of a data collection effort and traffic evaluation for the recently
reconstructed North Mill Street complete street roadway improvement project in Aspen, Colorado.
Kimley-Horn previously prepared a Corridor Traffic Study in September 2012, titled “North Mill Street
Corridor Traffic Study”, which included an evaluation of vehicle, pedestrian, and bicycle traffic for the
North Mill Street Complete Street Planning and Design project for the City of Aspen. North Mill Street
provides an important roadway connection from Main Street and the core area of Aspen to the
residential areas to the north, across the Roaring Fork River.
This evaluation includes data collection, intersection analysis, and route travel times. Existing peak
hour turning movement counts, 24-hour directional daily traffic counts, 24-hour directional daily
bicycle counts, intersection pedestrian counts, midblock pedestrian counts, and travel time runs were
conducted. The travel time trials conducted provided the time it takes to travel Mill Street
southbound and then to travel west on Main Street through two alternative routes. With the
implementation of the North Mill Street project recommended improvements as identified in the “North
Mill Street – Complete Street Planning and Design Project Conceptual Design Report”, prepared by
JR Engineering, Inc., for the City of Aspen in September 2012, the southbound approach at the
intersection of Mill Street and Main Street was modified to contain a left turn lane and a shared
through/right turn lane. This modification eliminated the previously designated southbound right turn
lane per the preferred alternative selected. Ultimately this “Preferred Concept” from this report was
selected to best implement the ideas of a Complete Street and accommodate the multi-modal users
of the corridor. It was determined to be the best option to achieve the goals of the project including
pedestrian safety and usability improvements, bicycle lanes, limited impacts to vehicle traffic, a high
level of traffic calming, and opportunities for stormwater management. This concept also realizes the
guidance provided by City Council and was consistent with recommendations from the Civic Master
Plan and the Aspen Area Community Plan.
Based on removal of the southbound right turn lane at the Mill Street and Main Street intersection,
there is some concern that southbound vehicles are instead rerouting by turning right onto westbound
Bleeker Street before traveling south to Main Street to travel further west. Travel times were
conducted on two routes to determine how observed traffic was traveling and to see if this reroute
provides reduced travel time for drivers. An intersection evaluation was also conducted to determine
operations of the Mill Street and Main Street intersection with the current North Mill Street
1/26/2016
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kimley-horn.com 4582 South Ulster Street, Suite 1500, Denver, CO 80237 303 228 2300
configuration and if any additional improvements could be implemented for the intersection.Figure 1
illustrates the existing intersection lanes and control.
Existing peak hour turning movement counts were conducted along Mill Street on Tuesday,
September 8, 2015 and Wednesday, September 9, 2015. The peak hour turning movement counts
were conducted at the Mill Street/Bleeker Street and Mill Street/Main Street intersections.
Westbound only turning movement counts were also conducted at the Bleeker Street/Aspen Street
and Bleeker Street/Garmisch Street intersections to determine the amount of westbound left turning
traffic. The peak hour turning movement counts were conducted in 15-minute intervals during the
morning and afternoon peak hours of adjacent street traffic from 7:00 AM to 9:00 AM and 4:00 PM to
6:00 PM on these count dates. The existing turning movement counts are shown in Figure 2. Of
note, when comparing these counts conducted for this study in September of 2015 to those
conducted by the City of Aspen in July of 2015 for southbound Mill Street, it appears as though these
count volumes are approximately 15 percent lower than the City of Aspen counts from July.
Daily 24-hour vehicle and bicycle counts were conducted along Mill Street between Puppy Smith
Street and Rio Grande Place, at the location of the midblock pedestrian crossing. These vehicle and
bicycle counts are summarized in Figure 2 as well. As shown, there were a total of 150 southbound
bicycles and 186 northbound bicycles along Mill Street on September 8 th. The peak hour bicycle
volume occurred at 2:00 PM when 39 bicycles were observed along North Mill Street. Count data is
attached.
Pedestrian counts were conducted at the Mill Street/Puppy Smith Street and Mill Street/Rio Grande
Place intersections. The pedestrian counts show that the peak hour for pedestrians occurred between
11:00 AM and 12:00 PM at the designated midblock pedestrian crossing. During this time, 94
pedestrians crossed at the midblock crosswalk. Of these, 61 people used the push button activated
flashing lights. This equates to approximately 65 percent of people crossing using the push buttons
and flashing lights. Over the entire day, approximately 45 percent of people crossing at the midblock
crosswalk were observed to use the flashing beacon activation. This indicates that more people will
active the beacons with the push buttons during peak vehicle traffic times. While the flashing lights
were activated, there was only one (1) incidence of a vehicle not yielding the right-of-way and driving
through the crosswalk in front of the crossing pedestrian. This occurred during the 9:00 am hour.
This equates to a compliance rate of 99 percent (1 of 109 pedestrian crossings) during the hours
when the flashing lights were observable (sun glare restricted the view of the flashing lights between
11:00 am and 7:00 pm). In addition to this one incident of a vehicle not yielding the right-of-way when
the pedestrian flashing lights were activated, there was one incident (during the 10:00 am hour) when
a vehicle proceeded through the crosswalk very close to the pedestrian that just crossed in front of
the vehicle. This driver did yield the right-of-way to the crossing pedestrian, but in the determination
of the reviewer passed too closely to the pedestrian. Another 10 pedestrians were observed jay
walking during the peak hour, which was identified as people crossing North Mill Street between
Puppy Smith Street and Rio Grande Place outside of the designated midblock crosswalk. Pedestrian
counts are shown in Figure 3 with data sheets attached.
Along with vehicle, pedestrian, and bicycle counts, travel times were conducted. Travel times were
calculated along two routes. Route 1 started along southbound Mill Street beginning at Rio Grande
Place, turning right onto westbound Bleeker Street, turning left onto southbound Aspen Street, turning
right onto westbound Main Street, and then ending at Garmish Street. Route 2 started along
southbound Mill Street at Rio Grande Place (same starting point), turning right onto westbound Main
Street and ending at Garmish Street (same ending point). Each route included a total of five (5) runs.
It was determined that Route 1, which include travel on Bleeker Street, had an average time of 1
minute and 28 seconds for the morning peak hour and 1 minute and 38 seconds for the afternoon
peak hour. It was determined that Route 2, which included travel on Mill Street and Main Street only,
had an average run of 1 minute and 19 seconds for the morning peak hour and 1 minute and 25
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kimley-horn.com 4582 South Ulster Street, Suite 1500, Denver, CO 80237 303 228 2300
seconds for the afternoon peak hour. Therefore, the Route 2 runs for southbound Mill Street to
westbound Main Street were faster by about 9 seconds during the morning peak hour and 13
seconds for the afternoon peak hour. Based on this information, a reroute of traffic isn’t thought to be
occurring based on reduced travel time. Looking at the traffic volumes, a reroute may be occurring
based on an overall balancing of the traffic volumes. The routes and travel times are shown in
Figure 4. Data sheets are attached.
Kimley-Horn’s analysis of traffic operations was conducted to determine if any improvements at the
Mill Street and Main Street signalized intersection or Mill Street and Bleeker Street unsignalized
intersection are needed to accommodate existing traffic. The acknowledged source for determining
overall capacity is the Highway Capacity Manual1.Capacity analysis results are listed in terms of
Level of Service (LOS). LOS is a qualitative term that describes operating conditions a driver will
experience while traveling on a particular street or highway during a specific time interval. It ranges
from A (very little delay) to F (long delays and congestion). For intersections and roadways in this
study area, typical standard traffic engineering practice as well as CDOT identifies overall intersection
LOS D and movement or approach LOS E as the minimum thresholds for acceptable operations.
The City of Aspen applies a LOS C as the minimum threshold for acceptable operations, as was used
throughout this study.Table 1 shows the definition of level of service.
Table 1 – Level of Service Definitions
Level of
Service
Signalized Intersection
Average Total Delay
(sec/veh)
Unsignalized Intersection
Average Total Delay
(sec/veh)
A ≤ 10 ≤ 10
B > 10 and ≤ 20 > 10 and ≤ 15
C > 20 and ≤ 35 > 15 and ≤ 25
D > 35 and ≤ 55 > 25 and ≤ 35
E > 55 and ≤ 80 > 35 and ≤ 50
F > 80 > 50
_______________
Definitions provided from the Highway Capacity Manual, Special Report 209, Transportation Research Board, 2010.
Synchro traffic analysis software was used to analyze the study area intersection. The Synchro
Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) methodology reports were used to analyze intersection delay and
level of service (LOS).
The Mill Street and Main Street intersection was analyzed based on average total delay analysis for
signalized intersections. Level of service for a signalized intersection is defined for each approach
and for the intersection. Calculations for the level of service are attached. The signalized intersection
analysis for the Mill Street and Main Street intersection utilizes the observed cycle length of 80
seconds with existing phasing and timing splits for both the morning and afternoon peak hours. The
existing intersection of Mill Street and Main Street operates at LOS B during both the morning and
afternoon peak hours. Also, all movements at this intersection currently operate acceptable with LOS
C or better during the morning and afternoon peak hour. An additional operations analysis was
performed of the intersection to determine if the intersection would improve with a southbound shared
left turn/through lane and separate right turn lane instead of the existing configuration. With this
1 Transportation Research Board,Highway Capacity Manual, Special Report 209, Washington DC, 2010.
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kimley-horn.com 4582 South Ulster Street, Suite 1500, Denver, CO 80237 303 228 2300
modification, the intersection operates acceptably overall, and not much different than the current
configuration.
Although converting the southbound approach to a shared left turn/through lane and separate right
turn lane did not provide a substantial benefit, it is believed that this could be considered for
implementation by the City if so desired. The southbound Mill Street through receiving lane on the
south side of Main Street lines up well with this configuration due to the angle parking that exists
along the west curb. In addition, with a dedicated southbound right turn lane, a southbound right turn
overlap phase could be implemented during the eastbound left turn protected green phase. If this
modification occurs, the northbound Mill Street through lane alignment across Main Street should be
verified as well. Impacts to this include a modification of the southbound bicycle box planned. In
addition, a slightly less efficient signal operation would result as southbound through traffic would be
stopped behind left turning vehicles waiting for a gap. The northbound and southbound through
volumes are relatively minor though, so acceptable operations would result. In addition, northbound
left turning drivers would need to determine if southbound traffic is turning left (they can turn left as
well) or traveling through the intersection (they need to yield the right-of-way) from that shared lane.
Table 2 provides the results of the LOS for the Mill Street and Main Street intersection (capacity
analysis worksheets are also attached).
Table 2 – Mill Street & Main Street
Intersection LOS Results
SCENARIO
AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour
Delay
(sec/veh)LOS Delay
(sec/veh)LOS
Existing Intersection Configuration
SB Left Turn and Shared Through/Right Turn Lanes
Eastbound Left
Eastbound Through/Right
Westbound Left
Westbound Through
Westbound Right
Northbound Left
Northbound Through/Right
Southbound Left
Southbound Through/Right
19.9
21.4
18.2
26.8
29.4
27.3
13.4
10.8
11.9
12.2
B
C
B
C
C
C
B
B
B
B
19.6
18.9
14.6
21.1
25.7
22.5
19.9
13.3
15.0
16.5
B
B
B
C
C
C
B
B
B
B
Modified Intersection Configuration
SB Shared Left Turn/Through and Right Turn Lanes
Eastbound Left
Eastbound Through/Right
Westbound Left
Westbound Through
Westbound Right
Northbound Left
Northbound Through/Right
Southbound Left/Though
Southbound Right #
19.4
21.4
18.2
26.8
29.4
27.3
12.5
10.8
11.6
5.8
B
C
B
C
C
C
B
B
B
A
18.7
18.9
14.6
21.1
25.7
22.5
17.2
13.3
14.6
10.3
B
C
B
B
C
C
C
B
B
B
# Overlap Phase Added
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kimley-horn.com 4582 South Ulster Street, Suite 1500, Denver, CO 80237 303 228 2300
The existing intersection of Mill Street and Bleeker Street is unsignalized with stop control on the
eastbound Bleeker Street approach. With the existing configuration, all movements at this
intersection currently operate at LOS C or better during the morning and afternoon peak hours.
Therefore, no modifications are believed to be needed to accommodate existing traffic.Table 3
provides the results of the LOS for the Mill Street and Bleeker Street intersection (capacity analysis
worksheets are also attached).
Table 3 – Mill Street & Bleeker Street
Intersection LOS Results
SCENARIO
AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour
Delay
(sec/veh)LOS Delay
(sec/veh)LOS
Existing
Eastbound Approach
Northbound Left
17.7
7.9
C
A
21.4
8.6
C
A
A queuing analysis was performed for the Mill Street/Main Street and Mill Street/Bleeker Street
intersections. The queue results show that all anticipated queues are accommodated within existing
turn bay lengths except for the eastbound left turn queue at the Mill Street/Main street intersection.
This left turn queue may be approximately 148 feet during the peak hour. It is designated as a back-
to-back left turn lane along Main Street between Monarch Street and Mill Street. There is only
approximately 250 feet available in back-to-back storage so lengthening the left turn lane may not be
possible. However, it is recommended that the City of Aspen work with the State of Colorado
Department of Transportation (CDOT) to determine if the westbound left turn lane at the Main
Street/Monarch Street can be reduced or if the taper between the turn lanes can be shortened to
provide additional left turn storage for the eastbound left turn movement at the Mill Street and Main
Street intersection. Of note, the southbound queues of the North Mill Street approach to Main Street
are believed to be acceptable with the existing configuration. The proposal to designate the
southbound approach to a left turn/through shared lane and a separate right turn lane actually may
lengthen the southbound queues based on this calculation procedure. However the traffic
simulations show a reduction in the overall queue lengths.Table 4 provides the results of the
queueing for the Mill Street/Main Street and Mill Street/Bleeker Street intersections. Queuing
analysis worksheets are attached.
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kimley-horn.com 4582 South Ulster Street, Suite 1500, Denver, CO 80237 303 228 2300
Table 4 – Intersection Queuing Results
INTERSECTION
TURN LANE
Existing Turn
Lane Length
(feet)
Existing
Queue
Length (feet)
Recommended
Turn Lane
Length (feet)
Mill Street and Main Street, Existing
Eastbound Left
Eastbound Through/Right
Westbound Left
Westbound Through
Westbound Right
Northbound Left
Northbound Through/Right
Southbound Left
Southbound Through/Right
100’
C
100’
C
C
100’
C
100’
C
148’
145’
18’
173’
11’
43’
38’
60’
39’
150’
C
100’
C
C
100’
C
100’
C
Mill Street and Main Street, Modified (SB L/T & R)
Eastbound Left
Eastbound Through/Right
Westbound Left
Westbound Through
Westbound Right
Northbound Left
Northbound Through/Right
Southbound Left/Through
Southbound Right
100’
C
100’
C
C
100’
C
100’
C
148’
145’
18’
173’
11’
42’
38’
82’
62’
150’
C
100’
C
C
100’
C
100’
C
Mill Street and Bleeker Street
Eastbound Approach
Northbound Left
C
75’
50’
25’
C
75’
C = Continuous; DNE = Does Not Exist
Based on the analysis presented in this Memorandum, Kimley-Horn believes that the North Mill Street
project recommended improvements as constructed are appropriate for the corridor, however further
modifications and improvements could be considered. The results of this “after condition” traffic
analysis identified the following findings, conclusions, and recommendations:
· It was observed that there were 150 southbound bicycles and 189 northbound bicycles
traveling along North Mill Street on the count date. The peak hour bicycle volume occurred
between 2:00 and 3:00 PM when 39 bicycles were observed along Mill Street.
· The peak hour pedestrian crossing volume of 94 people were observed to cross Mill Street at
the midblock pedestrian crossing between 11:00 AM and 12:00 PM. Of these crossers, 65
percent were found to use the flashing light activation. Over the entire day, approximately 45
percent of people crossing at the midblock crosswalk were observed to use the flashing
beacon activation. This indicates that more people will active the beacons using the push
buttons during peak vehicle traffic times than during less busy vehicle traveling hours.
· Another 10 pedestrians were observed jay walking during the peak hour, which was identified
as people crossing North Mill Street between Puppy Smith Street and Rio Grande Place
outside of the designated midblock crosswalk.
· An approximately equal number of southbound right turns are occurring from North Mill Street
at both the Bleeker Street and Main Street intersections. Therefore some southbound Mill
Street traffic may be rerouting on the public street network
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· Travel times were shown to be somewhat longer using the Bleeker Street reroute instead of
continuing southbound on Mill Street to westbound Main Street.
· If the amount of traffic on Bleeker Street becomes an issue, the City of Aspen could consider
redesignating the southbound approach of the Mill Street and Main Street intersection to a
shared left turn/through lane and separate right turn lane. If this approach is modified, a
southbound right turn overlap phase should also be implemented to improve southbound
operations and reduce the southbound right turn queue. This will provide a benefit for
southbound right turning vehicles as well since the pedestrian crossing phase wouldn’t
activate during the overlap.
· To further discourage reroute pass through traffic along Bleeker Street, All Way Stop Control
(AWSC) at the Monarch Street and Bleeker Street intersection could be implemented if found
to be warranted to increase travel times for traffic traveling through that intersection.
· It is recommended that the eastbound left turn lane at the Mill Street and Main Street
intersection be extended from 100 feet to 150 feet. The subsequent back-to-back left turn for
the westbound direction at the Monarch Street and Main Street intersection to the west then
would need to be reduced from 100 feet to 50 feet as there is thought to be significantly less
demand in that left turn lane. The City of Aspen should work with CDOT to implement this
striping improvement.
It has been a pleasure providing this information for you and the City of Aspen. Please call if you
have any questions or require any additional analysis.
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XX
25
2 5
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XX(XX)
Wednesday, September 9, 2015
AM Peak 8:00 to 9:00 AM; PM Peak (4:15 to 5:15 PM)
Tuesday, September 8, 2015
Wednesday, September 9, 2015
AM Peak 8:00 to 9:00 AM; PM Peak (4:15 to 5:15 PM)
Tuesday, September 8, 2015
Wednesday, September 9, 2015
AM Peak 8:00 to 9:00 AM; PM Peak (4:15 to 5:15 PM)
Tuesday, September 8, 2015
Wednesday, September 9, 2015
AM Peak 8:00 to 9:00 AM; PM Peak (4:15 to 5:15 PM)
Tuesday, September 8, 2015
XX,XXX
4 ,7 8 2
4 ,7 7 3
[XX,XXX]
[1 8 6 ]
[1 5 0 ]
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XX
Jay Walkers:
2 During the
peak hour.
* Of these 94 pedestrians crossing per
hour, 61 activated ped button flashing
lights (65% compliance).
* Daily driver compliance to yield right
of way to crosswalk when lights
flashing was 99%.
* 10 jay walkers were also observed.
Wednesday, September 9, 2015
Peak Hour: 1:00 to 2:00 PM
Tuesday, September 8, 2015
Jay Walkers:
6 During the
peak hour.
Wednesday, September 9, 2015
Peak Hour: 1:00 to 2:00 PM
Tuesday, September 8, 2015
Wednesday, September 9, 2015
Peak Hour: 12:00 to 1:00 PM
Tuesday, September 8, 2015
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п¹» Ò± æ î
ß°»²ô ÝÑ
Ó·´´ ͬ ߺ¬»® ݱ²¼·¬·±² Ì®¿ºº·½ ͬ«¼§
ßÓ Ð»¿µ
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬ ¿²¼ Þ´»»µ»® ͬ®»»¬
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
Þ ´»»µ»® Í ¬
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
η¹¸¬
ïíï
̸®«
íðë
ײѫ¬Ì±¬¿´
êëé ìíê ïðçí
Ô»º¬
ïê
̸®«
ëìð
Ñ«¬Ì±¬¿´×²
íîè ëëê èèì
Ô »º¬
ï ï é
Î ·¹¸¬
î í
Ì ±¬¿´
Ñ «¬
× ²
ï ì é
ï ì ð
î è é
çñçñîðïë ðéæðð ßÓ
çñçñîðïë ðèæìë ßÓ
˲¸·º¬»¼
Ò±®¬¸
Ó±®®·±²ô ÝÑ èðìêë
P90
II.
Ú·´» Ò¿³» æ Ó·´´Þ´»»µ»®ßÓ
Í·¬» ݱ¼» æ ×ÐÑ ïîí
ͬ¿®¬ Ü¿¬» æ çñçñîðïë
п¹» Ò± æ í
ß°»²ô ÝÑ
Ó·´´ ͬ ߺ¬»® ݱ²¼·¬·±² Ì®¿ºº·½ ͬ«¼§
ßÓ Ð»¿µ
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬ ¿²¼ Þ´»»µ»® ͬ®»»¬
Þ´»»µ»® ͬ
Û¿¬¾±«²¼
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
Ò±®¬¸¾±«²¼
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
ͱ«¬¸¾±«²¼
ͬ¿®¬ Ì·³»Ô»º¬Î·¹¸¬ß°°ò ̱¬¿´Ô»º¬Ì¸®«ß°°ò ̱¬¿´Ì¸®«Î·¹¸¬ß°°ò ̱¬¿´×²¬ò ̱¬¿´
л¿µ ر«® ß²¿´§· Ú®±³ ðéæðð ßÓ ¬± ðèæìë ßÓ ó л¿µ ï ±º ï
л¿µ ر«® º±® Û²¬·®» ײ¬»®»½¬·±² Þ»¹·² ¿¬ ðèæðð ßÓ
ðèæðð ßÓ ïð î ïî î éí éë íî ïî ìì ïíï
ðèæïë ßÓ îî í îë ì èë èç
íè ïì ëî ïêê
ðèæíð ßÓ îê ì íð î èï èí ìç îì éí ïèê
ðèæìë ßÓ íï ê íé
ð êï êï ìç îè éé
ïéë
̱¬¿´ ʱ´«³»èç ïë ïðì è íðð íðè ïêè éè îìê êëè
û ß°°ò ̱¬¿´èëòê ïìòì îòê çéòì êèòí íïòé
ÐØÚ òéïè òêîë òéðí òëðð òèèî òèêë òèëé òêçê òéçç òèèì
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
Þ ´»»µ»® Í ¬
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
η¹¸¬
éè
̸®«
ïêè
ײѫ¬Ì±¬¿´
íèç îìê êíë
Ô»º¬
è
̸®«
íðð
Ñ«¬Ì±¬¿´×²
ïèí íðè ìçï
Ô »º¬è ç
Î ·¹¸¬
ï ë
Ì ±¬¿´
Ñ «¬
× ²
è ê
ï ð ì
ï ç ð
л¿µ ر«® Þ»¹·² ¿¬ ðèæðð ßÓ
˲¸·º¬»¼
л¿µ ر«® Ü¿¬¿
Ò±®¬¸
Ó±®®·±²ô ÝÑ èðìêë
P91
II.
Ú·´» Ò¿³» æ Ó·´´Þ´»»µ»®ßÓ
Í·¬» ݱ¼» æ ×ÐÑ ïîí
ͬ¿®¬ Ü¿¬» æ çñçñîðïë
п¹» Ò± æ ì
ß°»²ô ÝÑ
Ó·´´ ͬ ߺ¬»® ݱ²¼·¬·±² Ì®¿ºº·½ ͬ«¼§
ßÓ Ð»¿µ
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬ ¿²¼ Þ´»»µ»® ͬ®»»¬
׳¿¹» ï
Ó±®®·±²ô ÝÑ èðìêë
P92
II.
Ú·´» Ò¿³» æ Ó·´´Þ´»»µ»®ÐÓ
Í·¬» ݱ¼» æ ×ÐÑ ïîí
ͬ¿®¬ Ü¿¬» æ çñèñîðïë
п¹» Ò± æ ï
ß°»²ô ÝÑ
Ó·´´ ͬ ߺ¬»® ݱ²¼·¬·±² Ì®¿ºº·½ ͬ«¼§
ÐÓ Ð»¿µ
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬ ¿²¼ Þ´»»µ»® ͬ®»»¬
Ù®±«° Ю·²¬»¼ó ˲¸·º¬»¼
Þ´»»µ»® ͬ®»»¬
Û¿¬¾±«²¼
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
Ò±®¬¸¾±«²¼
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
ͱ«¬¸¾±«²¼
ͬ¿®¬ Ì·³»Ô»º¬Î·¹¸¬ß°°ò ̱¬¿´Ô»º¬Ì¸®«ß°°ò ̱¬¿´Ì¸®«Î·¹¸¬ß°°ò ̱¬¿´×²¬ò ̱¬¿´
ðìæðð ÐÓ ïç ë îì ï ëé ëè èï ìí ïîì îðê
ðìæïë ÐÓ ïê í ïç ê èì çð êç íç ïðè îïé
ðìæíð ÐÓ îì ë îç ê êê éî éë ëç ïíì îíë
ðìæìë ÐÓ è ïð ïè ì êí êé êê ëé ïîí îðè
̱¬¿´êé îí çð ïé îéð îèé îçï ïçè ìèç èêê
ðëæðð ÐÓ îî ì îê ë ëì ëç éï ëí ïîì îðç
ðëæïë ÐÓ ïê ì îð í ëì ëé êî íð çî ïêç
ðëæíð ÐÓ ïé ç îê ï ëî ëí êî îç çï ïéð
ðëæìë ÐÓ ïì î ïê ï ìê ìé êï îé èè ïëï
̱¬¿´êç ïç èè ïð îðê îïê îëê ïíç íçë êçç
Ù®¿²¼ ̱¬¿´ïíê ìî ïéè îé ìéê ëðí ëìé ííé èèì ïëêë
ß°°®½¸ û éêòì îíòê ëòì çìòê êïòç íèòï
̱¬¿´ û èòé îòé ïïòì ïòé íðòì íîòï íë îïòë ëêòë
Ó±®®·±²ô ÝÑ èðìêë
P93
II.
Ú·´» Ò¿³» æ Ó·´´Þ´»»µ»®ÐÓ
Í·¬» ݱ¼» æ ×ÐÑ ïîí
ͬ¿®¬ Ü¿¬» æ çñèñîðïë
п¹» Ò± æ î
ß°»²ô ÝÑ
Ó·´´ ͬ ߺ¬»® ݱ²¼·¬·±² Ì®¿ºº·½ ͬ«¼§
ÐÓ Ð»¿µ
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬ ¿²¼ Þ´»»µ»® ͬ®»»¬
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
Þ ´»»µ»® Í ¬®»»¬
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
η¹¸¬
ííé
̸®«
ëìé
ײѫ¬Ì±¬¿´
êïî èèì ïìçê
Ô»º¬
îé
̸®«
ìéê
Ñ«¬Ì±¬¿´×²
ëèç ëðí ïðçî
Ô »º¬
ï í ê
Î ·¹¸¬
ì î
Ì ±¬¿´
Ñ «¬
× ²
í ê ì
ï é è
ë ì î
çñèñîðïë ðìæðð ÐÓ
çñèñîðïë ðëæìë ÐÓ
˲¸·º¬»¼
Ò±®¬¸
Ó±®®·±²ô ÝÑ èðìêë
P94
II.
Ú·´» Ò¿³» æ Ó·´´Þ´»»µ»®ÐÓ
Í·¬» ݱ¼» æ ×ÐÑ ïîí
ͬ¿®¬ Ü¿¬» æ çñèñîðïë
п¹» Ò± æ í
ß°»²ô ÝÑ
Ó·´´ ͬ ߺ¬»® ݱ²¼·¬·±² Ì®¿ºº·½ ͬ«¼§
ÐÓ Ð»¿µ
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬ ¿²¼ Þ´»»µ»® ͬ®»»¬
Þ´»»µ»® ͬ®»»¬
Û¿¬¾±«²¼
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
Ò±®¬¸¾±«²¼
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
ͱ«¬¸¾±«²¼
ͬ¿®¬ Ì·³»Ô»º¬Î·¹¸¬ß°°ò ̱¬¿´Ô»º¬Ì¸®«ß°°ò ̱¬¿´Ì¸®«Î·¹¸¬ß°°ò ̱¬¿´×²¬ò ̱¬¿´
л¿µ ر«® ß²¿´§· Ú®±³ ðìæðð ÐÓ ¬± ðëæìë ÐÓ ó л¿µ ï ±º ï
л¿µ ر«® º±® Û²¬·®» ײ¬»®»½¬·±² Þ»¹·² ¿¬ ðìæïë ÐÓ
ðìæïë ÐÓ ïê í ïç ê èì çð
êç íç ïðè îïé
ðìæíð ÐÓ îì ë îç ê êê éî éë ëç ïíì îíë
ðìæìë ÐÓ è ïð ïè ì êí êé êê ëé ïîí îðè
ðëæðð ÐÓ îî ì îê ë ëì ëç éï ëí ïîì îðç
̱¬¿´ ʱ´«³»éð îî çî îï îêé îèè îèï îðè ìèç èêç
û ß°°ò ̱¬¿´éêòï îíòç éòí çîòé ëéòë ìîòë
ÐØÚ òéîç òëëð òéçí òèéë òéçë òèðð òçíé òèèï òçïî òçîì
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
Þ ´»»µ»® Í ¬®»»¬
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
η¹¸¬
îðè
̸®«
îèï
ײѫ¬Ì±¬¿´
ííé ìèç èîê
Ô»º¬
îï
̸®«
îêé
Ñ«¬Ì±¬¿´×²
íðí îèè ëçï
Ô »º¬é ð
Î ·¹¸¬
î î
Ì ±¬¿´
Ñ «¬
× ²
î î ç
ç î
í
î ï
л¿µ ر«® Þ»¹·² ¿¬ ðìæïë ÐÓ
˲¸·º¬»¼
л¿µ ر«® Ü¿¬¿
Ò±®¬¸
Ó±®®·±²ô ÝÑ èðìêë
P95
II.
Ú·´» Ò¿³» æ Ó·´´Þ´»»µ»®ÐÓ
Í·¬» ݱ¼» æ ×ÐÑ ïîí
ͬ¿®¬ Ü¿¬» æ çñèñîðïë
п¹» Ò± æ ì
ß°»²ô ÝÑ
Ó·´´ ͬ ߺ¬»® ݱ²¼·¬·±² Ì®¿ºº·½ ͬ«¼§
ÐÓ Ð»¿µ
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬ ¿²¼ Þ´»»µ»® ͬ®»»¬
׳¿¹» ï
Ó±®®·±²ô ÝÑ èðìêë
P96
II.
Ú·´» Ò¿³» æ Ó·´´Ó¿·²ßÓ
Í·¬» ݱ¼» æ ×ÐÑ ïîí
ͬ¿®¬ Ü¿¬» æ çñçñîðïë
п¹» Ò± æ ï
ß°»²ô ÝÑ
Ó·´´ ͬ ߺ¬»® ݱ²¼·¬·±² Ì®¿ºº·½ ͬ«¼§
ßÓ Ð»¿µ
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬ ¿²¼ Ó¿·² ͬ®»»¬
Ù®±«° Ю·²¬»¼ó ˲¸·º¬»¼
Ó¿·² ͬ
Û¿¬¾±«²¼
Ó¿·² ͬ
É»¬¾±«²¼
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
Ò±®¬¸¾±«²¼
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
ͱ«¬¸¾±«²¼
ͬ¿®¬ Ì·³»Ô»º¬Ì¸®«Î·¹¸¬ß°°ò
̱¬¿´Ô»º¬Ì¸®«Î·¹¸¬ß°°ò
̱¬¿´Ô»º¬Ì¸®«Î·¹¸¬ß°°ò
̱¬¿´Ô»º¬Ì¸®«Î·¹¸¬ß°°ò
̱¬¿´
ײ¬ò
̱¬¿´
ðéæðð ßÓ ìç èï ì ïíì ð íè ì ìî ïíï ëî î îí îé îðè
ðéæïë ßÓ êë çê ì ïêë ð ìî í ìë îîï ëê ì îì íì îìç
ðéæíð ßÓ êï çï î ïëì ð êð è êè îìð êé ï íî ìð îêè
ðéæìë ßÓ ìï ïïð ì ïëë ï èð ê èé ëìí ïîê ì íë ìë îçç
̱¬¿´îïê íéè ïì êðè ï îîð îï îìî ïð ïí ë îè îï ïï ïïì ïìê ïðîì
ðèæðð ßÓ êè ïíð ê îðì ï ìç ì ëì íìð éè í îï íî îçé
ðèæïë ßÓ éì ïîï é îðî ð éë ç èì ììî ïðïï ï îé íç ííë
ðèæíð ßÓ êé ïíè ë îïð ð êì ïð éì ïéî ïðïí ì íî ìç íìí
ðèæìë ßÓ ëî ïëë ïð îïé î ëé ë êì éìí ïìïç ç íí êï íëê
̱¬¿´îêï ëìì îè èíí í îìë îè îéê ïë ïç é ìï ëï ïé ïïí ïèï ïííï
Ù®¿²¼ ̱¬¿´ìéé çîî ìî ïììï ì ìêë ìç ëïè îë íî ïî êç éî îè îîé íîé îíëë
ß°°®½¸ û ííòï êì îòç ðòè èçòè çòë íêòî ìêòì ïéòì îî èòê êçòì
̱¬¿´ û îðòí íçòî ïòè êïòî ðòî ïçòé îòï îî ïòï ïòì ðòë îòç íòï ïòî çòê ïíòç
Ó±®®·±²ô ÝÑ èðìêë
P97
II.
Ú·´» Ò¿³» æ Ó·´´Ó¿·²ßÓ
Í·¬» ݱ¼» æ ×ÐÑ ïîí
ͬ¿®¬ Ü¿¬» æ çñçñîðïë
п¹» Ò± æ î
ß°»²ô ÝÑ
Ó·´´ ͬ ߺ¬»® ݱ²¼·¬·±² Ì®¿ºº·½ ͬ«¼§
ßÓ Ð»¿µ
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬ ¿²¼ Ó¿·² ͬ®»»¬
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
Ó ¿·² Í ¬
Ó
¿
·
²
Í
¬
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
η¹¸¬
îîé
̸®«
îè
Ô»º¬
éî
ײѫ¬Ì±¬¿´
ëëè íîé èèë
Î
·
¹
¸
¬
ì
ç
Ì
¸
®
«
ì
ê
ë
Ô
»
º
¬
ì
Ñ
«
¬
Ì
±
¬
¿
´
×
²
ï
ð
ð
ê
ë
ï
è
ï
ë
î
ì
Ô»º¬
îë
̸®«
íî
η¹¸¬
ïî
Ñ«¬Ì±¬¿´×²
éì êç ïìí
Ô »º¬
ì é é
Ì ¸®«
ç î î
Î ·¹¸¬
ì
î
Ì ±¬¿´
Ñ «¬
× ²
é ï é
ï ì ì ï
î ï ë è
çñçñîðïë ðéæðð ßÓ
çñçñîðïë ðèæìë ßÓ
˲¸·º¬»¼
Ò±®¬¸
Ó±®®·±²ô ÝÑ èðìêë
P98
II.
Ú·´» Ò¿³» æ Ó·´´Ó¿·²ßÓ
Í·¬» ݱ¼» æ ×ÐÑ ïîí
ͬ¿®¬ Ü¿¬» æ çñçñîðïë
п¹» Ò± æ í
ß°»²ô ÝÑ
Ó·´´ ͬ ߺ¬»® ݱ²¼·¬·±² Ì®¿ºº·½ ͬ«¼§
ßÓ Ð»¿µ
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬ ¿²¼ Ó¿·² ͬ®»»¬
Ó¿·² ͬ
Û¿¬¾±«²¼
Ó¿·² ͬ
É»¬¾±«²¼
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
Ò±®¬¸¾±«²¼
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
ͱ«¬¸¾±«²¼
ͬ¿®¬ Ì·³»Ô»º¬Ì¸®«Î·¹¸¬ß°°ò
̱¬¿´Ô»º¬Ì¸®«Î·¹¸¬ß°°ò
̱¬¿´Ô»º¬Ì¸®«Î·¹¸¬ß°°ò
̱¬¿´Ô»º¬Ì¸®«Î·¹¸¬ß°°ò
̱¬¿´
ײ¬ò
̱¬¿´
л¿µ ر«® ß²¿´§· Ú®±³ ðéæðð ßÓ ¬± ðèæìë ßÓ ó л¿µ ï ±º ï
л¿µ ر«® º±® Û²¬·®» ײ¬»®»½¬·±² Þ»¹·² ¿¬ ðèæðð ßÓ
ðèæðð ßÓ êè ïíð ê îðì ï ìç ì ëì íìð éè í îï íî îçé
ðèæïë ßÓ éì ïîï é îðî ð éë ç èì ììî ïðïï ï îé íç ííë
ðèæíð ßÓ êé ïíè ë îïð ð êì ïð éì ï é î ïð ïí ì íî ìç íìí
ðèæìë ßÓ ëî ïëë ïð îïé î ëé ë êì é ì í ïì ïç ç íí êï íëê
̱¬¿´
ʱ´«³»îêï ëìì îè èíí í îìë îè îéê ïë ïç é ìï ëï ïé ïïí ïèï ïííï
û ß°°ò
̱¬¿´íïòí êëòí íòì ïòï èèòè ïðòï íêòê ìêòí ïéòï îèòî çòì êîòì
ÐØÚ òèèî òèéé òéðð òçêð òíéë òèïé òéðð òèîï òëíê òêéç òëèí òéíî òêéï òìéî òèëê òéìî òçíë
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
Ó ¿·² Í ¬
Ó
¿
·
²
Í
¬
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
η¹¸¬
ïïí
̸®«
ïé
Ô»º¬
ëï
ײѫ¬Ì±¬¿´
íðè ïèï ìèç
Î
·
¹
¸
¬
î
è
Ì
¸
®
«
î
ì
ë
Ô
»
º
¬
í
Ñ
«
¬
Ì
±
¬
¿
´
×
²
ê
ð
î
î
é
ê
è
é
è
Ô»º¬
ïë
̸®«
ïç
η¹¸¬
é
Ñ«¬Ì±¬¿´×²
ìè ìï èç
Ô »º¬
î ê ï
Ì ¸®«
ë
ì ì
Î ·¹¸¬
î è
Ì ±¬¿´
Ñ «¬
× ²
í é í
è í í
ï î ð ê
л¿µ ر«® Þ»¹·² ¿¬ ðèæðð ßÓ
˲¸·º¬»¼
л¿µ ر«® Ü¿¬¿
Ò±®¬¸
Ó±®®·±²ô ÝÑ èðìêë
P99
II.
Ú·´» Ò¿³» æ Ó·´´Ó¿·²ßÓ
Í·¬» ݱ¼» æ ×ÐÑ ïîí
ͬ¿®¬ Ü¿¬» æ çñçñîðïë
п¹» Ò± æ ì
ß°»²ô ÝÑ
Ó·´´ ͬ ߺ¬»® ݱ²¼·¬·±² Ì®¿ºº·½ ͬ«¼§
ßÓ Ð»¿µ
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬ ¿²¼ Ó¿·² ͬ®»»¬
׳¿¹» ï
Ó±®®·±²ô ÝÑ èðìêë
P100
II.
Ú·´» Ò¿³» æ Ó·´´Ó¿·²ÐÓ
Í·¬» ݱ¼» æ ×ÐÑ ïîí
ͬ¿®¬ Ü¿¬» æ çñèñîðïë
п¹» Ò± æ ï
ß°»²ô ÝÑ
Ó·´´ ͬ ߺ¬»® ݱ²¼·¬·±² Ì®¿ºº·½ ͬ«¼§
ÐÓ Ð»¿µ
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬ ¿²¼ Ó¿·² ͬ®»»¬
Ù®±«° Ю·²¬»¼ó ˲¸·º¬»¼
Ó¿·² ͬ®»»¬
Û¿¬¾±«²¼
Ó¿·² ͬ®»»¬
É»¬¾±«²¼
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
Ò±®¬¸¾±«²¼
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
ͱ«¬¸¾±«²¼
ͬ¿®¬ Ì·³»Ô»º¬Ì¸®«Î·¹¸¬ß°°ò
̱¬¿´Ô»º¬Ì¸®«Î·¹¸¬ß°°ò
̱¬¿´Ô»º¬Ì¸®«Î·¹¸¬ß°°ò
̱¬¿´Ô»º¬Ì¸®«Î·¹¸¬ß°°ò
̱¬¿´
ײ¬ò
̱¬¿´
ðìæðð ÐÓ íë ïïí è ïëê ï ïìí ïê ïêð ééì ïèîí ê êð èç ìîí
ðìæïë ÐÓ ëí çê ïç ïêè ë ïíí íï ïêç çèë îîïï ïî ìç éî ìíï
ðìæíð ÐÓ ìï ïðé ïì ïêî î ïìè ïê ïêê è ïð î îð ïë é ëì éê ìîì
ðìæìë ÐÓ ìí ïïç ïè ïèð ê ïíè ïé ïêï ïð ê ì îð îí è ìé éè ìíç
̱¬¿´ïéî ìíë ëç êêê ïì ëêî èð êëê íì íï ïë èð éî íí îïð íïë ïéïé
ðëæðð ÐÓ íí çí ïé ïìí ì ïêí ïê ïèí ïé è î îé ïè é ëí éè ìíï
ðëæïë ÐÓ ìì ïîì ë ïéí ë ïíî è ïìë éëî ïìïë ê ìì êë íçé
ðëæíð ÐÓ íé çì ïé ïìè ê ïíè ç ïëí ïð ê í ïç ïè ç ìî êç íèç
ðëæìë ÐÓ íç éð ïð ïïç ë ïðî é ïïì êïð éïé ì ìì êë íðë
̱¬¿´ïëí íèï ìç ëèí îð ëíë ìð ëçë ìð îð é êé êè îê ïèí îéé ïëîî
Ù®¿²¼ ̱¬¿´íîë èïê ïðè ïîìç íì ïðçé ïîð ïîëï éì ëï îî ïìé ïìð ëç íçí ëçî íîíç
ß°°®½¸ û îê êëòí èòê îòé èéòé çòê ëðòí íìòé ïë îíòê ïð êêòì
̱¬¿´ û ïð îëòî íòí íèòê ï ííòç íòé íèòê îòí ïòê ðòé ìòë ìòí ïòè ïîòï ïèòí
Ó±®®·±²ô ÝÑ èðìêë
P101
II.
Ú·´» Ò¿³» æ Ó·´´Ó¿·²ÐÓ
Í·¬» ݱ¼» æ ×ÐÑ ïîí
ͬ¿®¬ Ü¿¬» æ çñèñîðïë
п¹» Ò± æ î
ß°»²ô ÝÑ
Ó·´´ ͬ ߺ¬»® ݱ²¼·¬·±² Ì®¿ºº·½ ͬ«¼§
ÐÓ Ð»¿µ
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬ ¿²¼ Ó¿·² ͬ®»»¬
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
Ó ¿·² Í ¬®»»¬
Ó
¿
·
²
Í
¬
®
»
»
¬
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
η¹¸¬
íçí
̸®«
ëç
Ô»º¬
ïìð
ײѫ¬Ì±¬¿´
ìçê ëçî ïðèè
Î
·
¹
¸
¬
ï
î
ð
Ì
¸
®
«
ï
ð
ç
é
Ô
»
º
¬
í
ì
Ñ
«
¬
Ì
±
¬
¿
´
×
²
ç
é
è
ï
î
ë
ï
î
î
î
ç
Ô»º¬
éì
̸®«
ëï
η¹¸¬
îî
Ñ«¬Ì±¬¿´×²
îðï ïìé íìè
Ô »º¬
í î ë
Ì ¸®«
è ï ê
Î ·¹¸¬
ï ð
è
Ì ±¬¿´
Ñ «¬
× ²
ï ë ê ì
ï î ì ç
î è ï í
çñèñîðïë ðìæðð ÐÓ
çñèñîðïë ðëæìë ÐÓ
˲¸·º¬»¼
Ò±®¬¸
Ó±®®·±²ô ÝÑ èðìêë
P102
II.
Ú·´» Ò¿³» æ Ó·´´Ó¿·²ÐÓ
Í·¬» ݱ¼» æ ×ÐÑ ïîí
ͬ¿®¬ Ü¿¬» æ çñèñîðïë
п¹» Ò± æ í
ß°»²ô ÝÑ
Ó·´´ ͬ ߺ¬»® ݱ²¼·¬·±² Ì®¿ºº·½ ͬ«¼§
ÐÓ Ð»¿µ
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬ ¿²¼ Ó¿·² ͬ®»»¬
Ó¿·² ͬ®»»¬
Û¿¬¾±«²¼
Ó¿·² ͬ®»»¬
É»¬¾±«²¼
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
Ò±®¬¸¾±«²¼
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
ͱ«¬¸¾±«²¼
ͬ¿®¬ Ì·³»Ô»º¬Ì¸®«Î·¹¸¬ß°°ò
̱¬¿´Ô»º¬Ì¸®«Î·¹¸¬ß°°ò
̱¬¿´Ô»º¬Ì¸®«Î·¹¸¬ß°°ò
̱¬¿´Ô»º¬Ì¸®«Î·¹¸¬ß°°ò
̱¬¿´
ײ¬ò
̱¬¿´
л¿µ ر«® ß²¿´§· Ú®±³ ðìæðð ÐÓ ¬± ðëæìë ÐÓ ó л¿µ ï ±º ï
л¿µ ر«® º±® Û²¬·®» ײ¬»®»½¬·±² Þ»¹·² ¿¬ ðìæïë ÐÓ
ðìæïë ÐÓ ëí çê ïç ïêè ë ïíí íï ïêç çèë îî ïï ïî ìç éî ìíï
ðìæíð ÐÓ ìï ïðé ïì ïêî î ïìè ïê ïêê è ïð î îð ïëéëì éê ìîì
ðìæìë ÐÓ ìí ïïç ïè ïèð ê ïíè ïé ïêï ïð ê ì îð îí è ìé éè ìíç
ðëæðð ÐÓ íí çí ïé ïìí ì ïêí ïê ïèí ïé èî îé ïè é ëí éè ìíï
̱¬¿´
ʱ´«³»ïéð ìïë êè êëí ïé ëèî èð êéç ìì íî ïí èç êé íì îðí íðì ïéîë
û ß°°ò
̱¬¿´îê êíòê ïðòì îòë èëòé ïïòè ìçòì íê ïìòê îî ïïòî êêòè
ÐØÚ òèðî òèéî òèçë òçðé òéðè òèçí òêìë òçîè òêìé òèðð òêëð òèîì òéîè òéðè òçìð òçéì òçèî
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
Ó ¿·² Í ¬®»»¬
Ó
¿
·
²
Í
¬
®
»
»
¬
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
η¹¸¬
îðí
̸®«
íì
Ô»º¬
êé
ײѫ¬Ì±¬¿´
îèî íðì ëèê
Î
·
¹
¸
¬
è
ð
Ì
¸
®
«
ë
è
î
Ô
»
º
¬
ï
é
Ñ
«
¬
Ì
±
¬
¿
´
×
²
ì
ç
ë
ê
é
ç
ï
ï
é
ì
Ô»º¬
ìì
̸®«
íî
η¹¸¬
ïí
Ñ«¬Ì±¬¿´×²
ïïç èç îðè
Ô »º¬
ï é ð
Ì ¸®«
ì ï ë
Î ·¹¸¬
ê è
Ì ±¬¿´
Ñ «¬
× ²
è î ç
ê ë í
ï ì è î
л¿µ ر«® Þ»¹·² ¿¬ ðìæïë ÐÓ
˲¸·º¬»¼
л¿µ ر«® Ü¿¬¿
Ò±®¬¸
Ó±®®·±²ô ÝÑ èðìêë
P103
II.
Ú·´» Ò¿³» æ Ó·´´Ó¿·²ÐÓ
Í·¬» ݱ¼» æ ×ÐÑ ïîí
ͬ¿®¬ Ü¿¬» æ çñèñîðïë
п¹» Ò± æ ì
ß°»²ô ÝÑ
Ó·´´ ͬ ߺ¬»® ݱ²¼·¬·±² Ì®¿ºº·½ ͬ«¼§
ÐÓ Ð»¿µ
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬ ¿²¼ Ó¿·² ͬ®»»¬
׳¿¹» ï
Ó±®®·±²ô ÝÑ èðìêë
P104
II.
P105
II.
P106
II.
P107
II.
P108
II.
P109
II.
P110
II.
P111
II.
P112
II.
P113
II.
P114
II.
P115
II.
P116
II.
P117
II.
P118
II.
P119
II.
P120
II.
P121
II.
Ú·´» Ò¿³» æ Ó·´´Í¬®»»¬ß«¬±îìر«®
Í·¬» ݱ¼» æ ×ÐÑ ïîí
ͬ¿®¬ Ü¿¬» æ çñèñîðïë
п¹» Ò± æ ï
ß°»²ô ÝÑ
Ó·´´ ͬ ߺ¬»® ݱ²¼·¬·±² Ì®¿ºº·½ ͬ«¼§
îì ر«®
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬ Ì®¿ºº·½ ʱ´«³»
Ù®±«° Ю·²¬»¼ó ˲¸·º¬»¼
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
Ò±®¬¸¾±«²¼
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
ͱ«¬¸¾±«²¼
ͬ¿®¬ Ì·³»Ì¸®«ß°°ò ̱¬¿´Ì¸®«ß°°ò ̱¬¿´×²¬ò ̱¬¿´
ðéæðð ßÓ îïï îïï ïçë ïçë ìðê
ðèæðð ßÓ íîé íîé îëê îëê ëèí
ðçæðð ßÓ íéí íéí îçé îçé êéð
ïðæðð ßÓ íéè íéè íêë íêë éìí
ïïæðð ßÓ ìîí ìîí ìïí ìïí èíê
ïîæðð ÐÓ ìíë ìíë ìêï ìêï èçê
ðïæðð ÐÓ ììð ììð ìíï ìíï èéï
ðîæðð ÐÓ ìðë ìðë ìêí ìêí èêè
ðíæðð ÐÓ íéê íéê ìèè ìèè èêì
ðìæðð ÐÓ íëð íëð ìëí ìëí èðí
ðëæðð ÐÓ îêè îêè íðè íðè ëéê
ðêæðð ÐÓ îíî îíî îîë îîë ìëé
ðéæðð ÐÓ ïêç ïêç ïìé ïìé íïê
ðèæðð ÐÓ çé çé èï èï ïéè
ðçæðð ÐÓ ïðï ïðï ëî ëî ïëí
ïðæðð ÐÓ ëë ëë îè îè èí
ïïæðð ÐÓ îê îê ïè ïè ìì
ïîæðð ßÓ ïî ïî ééïç
ðïæðð ßÓ ççììïí
ðîæðð ßÓ ííîîë
ðíæðð ßÓ îîííë
ðìæðð ßÓ ììççïí
ðëæðð ßÓ ïì ïì îï îï íë
ðêæðð ßÓ êí êí ëë ëë ïïè
Ù®¿²¼ ̱¬¿´ìééí ìééí ìéèî ìéèî çëëë
ß°°®½¸ û ïðð ïðð
̱¬¿´ û ëð ëð ëð ëð
Ó±®®·±²ô ÝÑ èðìêë
P122
II.
Ú·´» Ò¿³» æ Ó·´´Í¬®»»¬ß«¬±îìر«®
Í·¬» ݱ¼» æ ×ÐÑ ïîí
ͬ¿®¬ Ü¿¬» æ çñèñîðïë
п¹» Ò± æ î
ß°»²ô ÝÑ
Ó·´´ ͬ ߺ¬»® ݱ²¼·¬·±² Ì®¿ºº·½ ͬ«¼§
îì ر«®
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬ Ì®¿ºº·½ ʱ´«³»
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
̸®«
ìéèî
ײѫ¬Ì±¬¿´
ìééí ìéèî çëëë
̸®«
ìééí
Ñ«¬Ì±¬¿´×²
ìéèî ìééí çëëë
çñèñîðïë ðéæðð ßÓ
çñçñîðïë ðêæðð ßÓ
˲¸·º¬»¼
Ò±®¬¸
Ó±®®·±²ô ÝÑ èðìêë
P123
II.
Ú·´» Ò¿³» æ Ó·´´Í¬®»»¬ß«¬±îìر«®
Í·¬» ݱ¼» æ ×ÐÑ ïîí
ͬ¿®¬ Ü¿¬» æ çñèñîðïë
п¹» Ò± æ í
ß°»²ô ÝÑ
Ó·´´ ͬ ߺ¬»® ݱ²¼·¬·±² Ì®¿ºº·½ ͬ«¼§
îì ر«®
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬ Ì®¿ºº·½ ʱ´«³»
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
Ò±®¬¸¾±«²¼
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
ͱ«¬¸¾±«²¼
ͬ¿®¬ Ì·³»Ì¸®«ß°°ò ̱¬¿´Ì¸®«ß°°ò ̱¬¿´×²¬ò ̱¬¿´
л¿µ ر«® ß²¿´§· Ú®±³ ðéæðð ßÓ ¬± ðêæðð ßÓ ó л¿µ ï ±º ï
л¿µ ر«® º±® Û²¬·®» ײ¬»®»½¬·±² Þ»¹·² ¿¬ ïîæðð ÐÓ
ïîæðð ÐÓ ìíë ìíë ìêï ìêï èçê
̱¬¿´ ʱ´«³»ìíë ìíë ìêï ìêï èçê
û ß°°ò ̱¬¿´ïðð ïðð
ÐØÚ ïòðð ïòðð ïòðð ïòðð ïòðð
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
̸®«
ìêï
ײѫ¬Ì±¬¿´
ìíë ìêï èçê
̸®«
ìíë
Ñ«¬Ì±¬¿´×²
ìêï ìíë èçê
л¿µ ر«® Þ»¹·² ¿¬ ïîæðð ÐÓ
˲¸·º¬»¼
л¿µ ر«® Ü¿¬¿
Ò±®¬¸
Ó±®®·±²ô ÝÑ èðìêë
P124
II.
Ú·´» Ò¿³» æ Ó·´´Í¬®»»¬ß«¬±îìر«®
Í·¬» ݱ¼» æ ×ÐÑ ïîí
ͬ¿®¬ Ü¿¬» æ çñèñîðïë
п¹» Ò± æ ì
ß°»²ô ÝÑ
Ó·´´ ͬ ߺ¬»® ݱ²¼·¬·±² Ì®¿ºº·½ ͬ«¼§
îì ر«®
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬ Ì®¿ºº·½ ʱ´«³»
׳¿¹» ï
Ó±®®·±²ô ÝÑ èðìêë
P125
II.
Ú·´» Ò¿³» æ Ó·´´Í¬®»»¬Þ·½§½´»îìر«®
Í·¬» ݱ¼» æ ×ÐÑ ïîí
ͬ¿®¬ Ü¿¬» æ çñèñîðïë
п¹» Ò± æ ï
ß°»²ô ÝÑ
Ó·´´ ͬ ߺ¬»® ݱ²¼·¬·±² Ì®¿ºº·½ ͬ«¼§
îì ر«®
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬ Þ·½§½´» ʱ´«³»
Ù®±«° Ю·²¬»¼ó ˲¸·º¬»¼
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
Ò±®¬¸¾±«²¼
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
ͱ«¬¸¾±«²¼
ͬ¿®¬ Ì·³»Ì¸®«ß°°ò ̱¬¿´Ì¸®«ß°°ò ̱¬¿´×²¬ò ̱¬¿´
ðéæðð ßÓ ððïïï
ðèæðð ßÓ ììììè
ðçæðð ßÓ èèïð ïð ïè
ïðæðð ßÓ ïé ïé ïð ïð îé
ïïæðð ßÓ ïí ïí ïî ïî îë
ïîæðð ÐÓ ïë ïë ïð ïð îë
ðïæðð ÐÓ ïè ïè ïè ïè íê
ðîæðð ÐÓ îë îë ïì ïì íç
ðíæðð ÐÓ îï îï ïé ïé íè
ðìæðð ÐÓ ççééïê
ðëæðð ÐÓ ççïé ïé îê
ðêæðð ÐÓ ééïï ïï ïè
ðéæðð ÐÓ îì îì ïð ïð íì
ðèæðð ÐÓ ëëëëïð
ðçæðð ÐÓ êêïïé
ïðæðð ÐÓ îîïïí
ïïæðð ÐÓ ððððð
ïîæðð ßÓ îîððî
ðïæðð ßÓ ððððð
ðîæðð ßÓ ððððð
ðíæðð ßÓ ïïððï
ðìæðð ßÓ ððððð
ðëæðð ßÓ ððïïï
ðêæðð ßÓ ððïïï
Ù®¿²¼ ̱¬¿´ïèê ïèê ïëð ïëð ííê
ß°°®½¸ û ïðð ïðð
̱¬¿´ û ëëòì ëëòì ììòê ììòê
Ó±®®·±²ô ÝÑ èðìêë
P126
II.
Ú·´» Ò¿³» æ Ó·´´Í¬®»»¬Þ·½§½´»îìر«®
Í·¬» ݱ¼» æ ×ÐÑ ïîí
ͬ¿®¬ Ü¿¬» æ çñèñîðïë
п¹» Ò± æ î
ß°»²ô ÝÑ
Ó·´´ ͬ ߺ¬»® ݱ²¼·¬·±² Ì®¿ºº·½ ͬ«¼§
îì ر«®
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬ Þ·½§½´» ʱ´«³»
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
̸®«
ïëð
ײѫ¬Ì±¬¿´
ïèê ïëð ííê
̸®«
ïèê
Ñ«¬Ì±¬¿´×²
ïëð ïèê ííê
çñèñîðïë ðéæðð ßÓ
çñçñîðïë ðêæðð ßÓ
˲¸·º¬»¼
Ò±®¬¸
Ó±®®·±²ô ÝÑ èðìêë
P127
II.
Ú·´» Ò¿³» æ Ó·´´Í¬®»»¬Þ·½§½´»îìر«®
Í·¬» ݱ¼» æ ×ÐÑ ïîí
ͬ¿®¬ Ü¿¬» æ çñèñîðïë
п¹» Ò± æ í
ß°»²ô ÝÑ
Ó·´´ ͬ ߺ¬»® ݱ²¼·¬·±² Ì®¿ºº·½ ͬ«¼§
îì ر«®
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬ Þ·½§½´» ʱ´«³»
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
Ò±®¬¸¾±«²¼
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
ͱ«¬¸¾±«²¼
ͬ¿®¬ Ì·³»Ì¸®«ß°°ò ̱¬¿´Ì¸®«ß°°ò ̱¬¿´×²¬ò ̱¬¿´
л¿µ ر«® ß²¿´§· Ú®±³ ðéæðð ßÓ ¬± ðêæðð ßÓ ó л¿µ ï ±º ï
л¿µ ر«® º±® Û²¬·®» ײ¬»®»½¬·±² Þ»¹·² ¿¬ ðîæðð ÐÓ
ðîæðð ÐÓ îë îë ïì ïì íç
̱¬¿´ ʱ´«³»îë îë ïì ïì íç
û ß°°ò ̱¬¿´ïðð ïðð
ÐØÚ ïòðð ïòðð ïòðð ïòðð ïòðð
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬
̸®«
ïì
ײѫ¬Ì±¬¿´
îë ïì íç
̸®«
îë
Ñ«¬Ì±¬¿´×²
ïì îë íç
л¿µ ر«® Þ»¹·² ¿¬ ðîæðð ÐÓ
˲¸·º¬»¼
л¿µ ر«® Ü¿¬¿
Ò±®¬¸
Ó±®®·±²ô ÝÑ èðìêë
P128
II.
Ú·´» Ò¿³» æ Ó·´´Í¬®»»¬Þ·½§½´»îìر«®
Í·¬» ݱ¼» æ ×ÐÑ ïîí
ͬ¿®¬ Ü¿¬» æ çñèñîðïë
п¹» Ò± æ ì
ß°»²ô ÝÑ
Ó·´´ ͬ ߺ¬»® ݱ²¼·¬·±² Ì®¿ºº·½ ͬ«¼§
îì ر«®
Ó·´´ ͬ®»»¬ Þ·½§½´» ʱ´«³»
׳¿¹» ï
Ó±®®·±²ô ÝÑ èðìêë
P129
II.
Time/Date 9-8-15 thru 9-9-15
Notes: Peds include strollers and bikes being
walked in crosswalk; for EB peds there is no
crosswalk. Jay walkers were south of Puppy
Smith but north of signalized cross walk
Road Names Puppy Smith and Mill
SB EB WB Jay
Peds Peds Peds Walkers
AM
7 :00 0 0 0 0
7 :15 0 0 0 0
7 :30 0 0 2 0
7 :45 0 0 0 0
8 :00 0 0 1 0
8 :15 0 0 2 0
8 :30 0 0 1 0
8 :45 4 0 3 0
9 :00 17 0 13 2
10 :00 12 0 39 2
11 :00 19 0 15 3
12 :00 17 1 6 2
1 :00 14 1 14 0
2 :00 17 1 14 0
3 :00 16 0 7 0
4 :00 8 0 4 0
4 :15 2 3 2 0
4 :30 1 0 3 0
4 :45 3 0 2 0
5 :00 2 0 1 0
5 :15 2 0 2 0
5 :30 3 0 1 1
5 :45 1 0 0 0
6 :00 7 2 4 4
7 :00 11 0 6 0
8 :00 11 1 4 0
9 :00 0 0 1 0
10 :00 0 0 1 0
11 :00 2 0 0 0
12 :00 0 0 0 0
1 :00 0 0 0 0
2 :00 0 0 0 0
3 :00 0 0 0 0
4 :00 0 0 0 2
5 :00 0 0 0 0
6 :00 2 0 0 0
P130
II.
Time/Date 9-8-15 thru 9-9-15
Notes: Peds include strollers and bikes being
walked in crosswalk; for EB and WB peds
there is no crosswalk. Jay walkers were
North of Rio Grande but south of signalized
cross walk.
Road Names Rio Grande and Mill
EB WB NB Jay
Peds Peds Peds Walkers
AM
7 :00 1 0 2 0
7 :15 3 2 3 0
7 :30 1 2 2 1
7 :45 3 0 6 1
8 :00 1 2 6 0
8 :15 0 0 3 0
8 :30 2 3 3 0
8 :45 6 0 3 0
9 :00 26 2 58 6
10 :00 33 9 82 6
11 :00 45 9 68 7
12 :00 31 5 73 1
1 :00 39 8 65 6
2 :00 21 10 76 10
3 :00 6 1 18 2
4 :00 7 1 14 0
4 :15 5 2 20 1
4 :30 7 2 10 1
4 :45 2 2 12 1
5 :00 4 2 11 1
5 :15 2 1 8 1
5 :30 5 1 8 1
5 :45 3 1 5 5
6 :00 8 10 28 2
7 :00 11 4 24 1
8 :00 8 0 14 1
9 :00 4 4 8 3
10 :00 2 1 4 0
11 :00 0 1 8 0
12 :00 1 1 0 0
1 :00 0 0 2 0
2 :00 0 0 1 0
3 :00 0 0 0 0
4 :00 0 0 0 0
5 :00 0 0 0 1
6 :00 5 3 2 1
P131
II.
Time/Date 9-8-15 thru 9-9-15
Notes: Sun glare made detection of the signal difficult from
11:00 am to 6:30 pm. Pedestrian totals only are provided for this
time period.
Road Names Mid Block Signalized Cross Walk
Cars Entering
Peds Peds Crosswalk Total
Utilizing Not Ultilizing Total Near Ped Jay
Signal Signal Peds Utilizing Signal Walkers
AM
7 :00 0 1 1 0 0
7 :15 1 0 1 0 0
7 :30 0 0 0 0 1
7 :45 0 2 2 0 1
8 :00 0 2 2 0 0
8 :15 0 3 3 0 0
8 :30 1 3 4 0 0
8 :45 0 0 0 0 0
9 :00 11 14 25 1 8
10 :00 31 17 48 1 8
11 :00 61 33 94 10
12 :00 51 27 78 3
1 :00 57 31 88 6
2 :00 59 10
3 :00 44 2
4 :00 7 0
4 :15 14 1
4 :30 17 1
4 :45 13 1
5 :00 11 1
5 :15 3 1
5 :30 14 2
5 :45 14 5
6 :00 23 6
7 :00 3 17 20 0 1
8 :00 1 0 1 0 1
9 :00 0 0 0 0 3
10 :00 0 0 0 0 0
11 :00 0 1 1 0 0
12 :00 0 0 0 0 0
1 :00 0 0 0 0 0
2 :00 0 0 0 0 0
3 :00 0 0 0 0 0
4 :00 0 0 0 0 2
5 :00 0 0 0 0 1
6 :00 1 0 1 0 1
P132
II.
Aspen, CO
Mill Street After Condition Traffic Study
Mill Street to Garmisch Street Peak Hour Travel Times
Route 1
Mill St, starting at Rio Grande, right on Bleeker, left on Aspen, right on Main St to Garmisch St finish
Tuesday PM Minutes Seconds Wednesday AM Minutes Seconds
Run 1 1 20 Run 1 1 16
Run 2 1 50 Run 2 1 18
Run 3 1 34 Run 3 1 43
Run 4 1 54 Run 4 1 8
Run 5 1 31 Run 5 1 55
Average 1 37.8 Average 1 28
Route 2
Mill St, starting at Rio Grande, right on Main St to Garmisch St finish
Tuesday PM Minutes Seconds Wednesday AM Minutes Seconds
Run 1 0 50 Run 1 1 4
Run 2 2 22 Run 2 1 8
Run 3 0 54 Run 3 0 58
Run 4 1 28 Run 4 1 31
Run 5 1 31 Run 5 1 56
Average 1 25 Average 1 19.4
Traffic Pattern Observation:
The traffic patterns on Bleeker Street changed from AM to PM. During the morning peak, the westbound cars
were mainly parking between Mill St. and Aspen St., turning left at Aspen St. or traveling west through Garmisch
St. There did not appear to be a large number of cars circumventing the Main St. and Mill St. intersection. During
the afternoon peak, there were fewer cars turning left at Aspen St. and most of them just continued down Bleeker
St. past Garmisch St. Several were stopping at the park area that appears to be associated with a daycare. As you
can see from the sample run times of the two routes from Rio Grande Pl. to Garmisch St. and Main St., it typically
took less time to go through the intersection of Main St. and Mill St.
P133
II.
Mill St, starting at Rio Grande, right on Bleeker, left on Aspen, right on Main St to Garmisch St finish
P134
II.
HCM 2010 Signalized Intersection Summary 2015 Existing AM.syn
1: Mill Street & Main Street 10/14/2015
2015 Existing AM 10/7/2015 Synchro 9 Report
Page 1
Movement EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Configurations
Traffic Volume (veh/h)261 544 28 3 245 28 15 19 7 51 17 113
Future Volume (veh/h)261 544 28 3 245 28 15 19 7 51 17 113
Number 7 4 14 3 8 18 5 2 12 1 6 16
Initial Q (Qb), veh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ped-Bike Adj(A_pbT)1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Parking Bus, Adj 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Adj Sat Flow, veh/h/ln 1863 1863 1900 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1900 1863 1863 1900
Adj Flow Rate, veh/h 297 618 40 8 299 40 28 28 12 76 36 131
Adj No. of Lanes 1 2 0 1 2 1 1 1 0 1 1 0
Peak Hour Factor 0.88 0.88 0.70 0.38 0.82 0.70 0.54 0.68 0.58 0.67 0.47 0.86
Percent Heavy Veh, %2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cap, veh/h 482 1347 87 234 662 296 612 605 259 739 172 627
Arrive On Green 0.16 0.40 0.40 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49
Sat Flow, veh/h 1774 3376 218 773 3539 1583 1214 1238 531 1362 353 1284
Grp Volume(v), veh/h 297 324 334 8 299 40 28 0 40 76 0 167
Grp Sat Flow(s),veh/h/ln 1774 1770 1824 773 1770 1583 1214 0 1769 1362 0 1636
Q Serve(g_s), s 10.2 10.8 10.8 0.7 6.0 1.7 1.1 0.0 0.9 2.5 0.0 4.7
Cycle Q Clear(g_c), s 10.2 10.8 10.8 0.7 6.0 1.7 5.7 0.0 0.9 3.4 0.0 4.7
Prop In Lane 1.00 0.12 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.30 1.00 0.78
Lane Grp Cap(c), veh/h 482 706 728 234 662 296 612 0 864 739 0 799
V/C Ratio(X)0.62 0.46 0.46 0.03 0.45 0.14 0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.00 0.21
Avail Cap(c_a), veh/h 550 1117 1152 385 1349 604 612 0 864 739 0 799
HCM Platoon Ratio 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Upstream Filter(I)1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 1.00
Uniform Delay (d), s/veh 19.8 17.7 17.7 26.7 28.9 27.1 13.3 0.0 10.7 11.6 0.0 11.7
Incr Delay (d2), s/veh 1.7 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.6
Initial Q Delay(d3),s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
%ile BackOfQ(50%),veh/ln 5.1 5.3 5.5 0.1 3.0 0.8 0.4 0.0 0.5 1.0 0.0 2.2
LnGrp Delay(d),s/veh 21.4 18.2 18.1 26.8 29.4 27.3 13.4 0.0 10.8 11.9 0.0 12.2
LnGrp LOS C B B C C C B B B B
Approach Vol, veh/h 955 347 68 243
Approach Delay, s/veh 19.2 29.1 11.9 12.1
Approach LOS B C B B
Timer 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Assigned Phs 2 4 6 7 8
Phs Duration (G+Y+Rc), s 43.6 36.4 43.6 17.0 19.5
Change Period (Y+Rc), s 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5
Max Green Setting (Gmax), s 20.5 50.5 20.5 15.5 30.5
Max Q Clear Time (g_c+I1), s 7.7 12.8 6.7 12.2 8.0
Green Ext Time (p_c), s 1.3 8.0 1.3 0.3 7.0
Intersection Summary
HCM 2010 Ctrl Delay 19.9
HCM 2010 LOS B
P135
II.
HCM 2010 Signalized Intersection Summary 2015 Existing PM.syn
1: Mill Street & Main Street 10/14/2015
2015 Existing PM 10/7/2015 Synchro 9 Report
Page 1
Movement EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Configurations
Traffic Volume (veh/h)170 415 68 17 582 80 44 32 13 67 34 203
Future Volume (veh/h)170 415 68 17 582 80 44 32 13 67 34 203
Number 7 4 14 3 8 18 5 2 12 1 6 16
Initial Q (Qb), veh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ped-Bike Adj(A_pbT)1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Parking Bus, Adj 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Adj Sat Flow, veh/h/ln 1863 1863 1900 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1900 1863 1863 1900
Adj Flow Rate, veh/h 212 477 76 24 654 125 68 40 20 92 48 216
Adj No. of Lanes 1 2 0 1 2 1 1 1 0 1 1 0
Peak Hour Factor 0.80 0.87 0.90 0.71 0.89 0.64 0.65 0.80 0.65 0.73 0.71 0.94
Percent Heavy Veh, %2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cap, veh/h 366 1376 218 333 1011 452 456 514 257 649 130 584
Arrive On Green 0.11 0.45 0.45 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44
Sat Flow, veh/h 1774 3061 485 852 3539 1583 1111 1173 586 1337 296 1332
Grp Volume(v), veh/h 212 275 278 24 654 125 68 0 60 92 0 264
Grp Sat Flow(s),veh/h/ln 1774 1770 1777 852 1770 1583 1111 0 1759 1337 0 1628
Q Serve(g_s), s 6.3 8.1 8.2 1.7 13.0 4.9 3.5 0.0 1.6 3.4 0.0 8.7
Cycle Q Clear(g_c), s 6.3 8.1 8.2 1.7 13.0 4.9 12.2 0.0 1.6 5.0 0.0 8.7
Prop In Lane 1.00 0.27 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.33 1.00 0.82
Lane Grp Cap(c), veh/h 366 795 798 333 1011 452 456 0 771 649 0 713
V/C Ratio(X)0.58 0.35 0.35 0.07 0.65 0.28 0.15 0.00 0.08 0.14 0.00 0.37
Avail Cap(c_a), veh/h 519 1117 1122 415 1349 604 456 0 771 649 0 713
HCM Platoon Ratio 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Upstream Filter(I)1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 1.00
Uniform Delay (d), s/veh 17.4 14.4 14.4 21.0 25.0 22.2 19.2 0.0 13.1 14.5 0.0 15.1
Incr Delay (d2), s/veh 1.5 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.7 0.3 0.7 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.0 1.5
Initial Q Delay(d3),s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
%ile BackOfQ(50%),veh/ln 3.2 4.0 4.1 0.4 6.4 2.2 1.2 0.0 0.8 1.3 0.0 4.2
LnGrp Delay(d),s/veh 18.9 14.6 14.6 21.1 25.7 22.5 19.9 0.0 13.3 15.0 0.0 16.5
LnGrp LOS B B B C C C B B B B
Approach Vol, veh/h 765 803 128 356
Approach Delay, s/veh 15.8 25.1 16.8 16.1
Approach LOS B C B B
Timer 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Assigned Phs 2 4 6 7 8
Phs Duration (G+Y+Rc), s 39.6 40.4 39.6 13.1 27.4
Change Period (Y+Rc), s 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5
Max Green Setting (Gmax), s 20.5 50.5 20.5 15.5 30.5
Max Q Clear Time (g_c+I1), s 14.2 10.2 10.7 8.3 15.0
Green Ext Time (p_c), s 1.4 11.8 1.9 0.3 7.9
Intersection Summary
HCM 2010 Ctrl Delay 19.6
HCM 2010 LOS B
P136
II.
HCM 2010 Signalized Intersection Summary 2015 Improved AM.syn
1: Mill Street & Main Street 10/15/2015
2015 Improved AM 10/7/2015 Synchro 9 Report
Page 1
Movement EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Configurations
Traffic Volume (veh/h)261 544 28 3 245 28 15 19 7 51 17 113
Future Volume (veh/h)261 544 28 3 245 28 15 19 7 51 17 113
Number 7 4 14 3 8 18 5 2 12 1 6 16
Initial Q (Qb), veh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ped-Bike Adj(A_pbT)1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Parking Bus, Adj 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Adj Sat Flow, veh/h/ln 1863 1863 1900 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1900 1900 1863 1863
Adj Flow Rate, veh/h 297 618 40 8 299 40 28 28 12 76 36 131
Adj No. of Lanes 1 2 0 1 2 1 1 1 0 0 1 1
Peak Hour Factor 0.88 0.88 0.70 0.38 0.82 0.70 0.54 0.68 0.58 0.67 0.47 0.86
Percent Heavy Veh, %2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cap, veh/h 482 1347 87 234 662 296 636 605 259 558 250 1020
Arrive On Green 0.16 0.40 0.40 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49
Sat Flow, veh/h 1774 3376 218 773 3539 1583 1214 1238 531 987 513 1583
Grp Volume(v), veh/h 297 324 334 8 299 40 28 0 40 112 0 131
Grp Sat Flow(s),veh/h/ln 1774 1770 1824 773 1770 1583 1214 0 1769 1500 0 1583
Q Serve(g_s), s 10.2 10.8 10.8 0.7 6.0 1.7 1.0 0.0 0.9 2.1 0.0 2.6
Cycle Q Clear(g_c), s 10.2 10.8 10.8 0.7 6.0 1.7 4.1 0.0 0.9 3.1 0.0 2.6
Prop In Lane 1.00 0.12 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.30 0.68 1.00
Lane Grp Cap(c), veh/h 482 706 728 234 662 296 636 0 864 808 0 1020
V/C Ratio(X)0.62 0.46 0.46 0.03 0.45 0.14 0.04 0.00 0.05 0.14 0.00 0.13
Avail Cap(c_a), veh/h 550 1117 1152 385 1349 604 636 0 864 808 0 1020
HCM Platoon Ratio 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Upstream Filter(I)1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 1.00
Uniform Delay (d), s/veh 19.8 17.7 17.7 26.7 28.9 27.1 12.4 0.0 10.7 11.2 0.0 5.5
Incr Delay (d2), s/veh 1.7 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.3
Initial Q Delay(d3),s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
%ile BackOfQ(50%),veh/ln 5.1 5.3 5.5 0.1 3.0 0.8 0.4 0.0 0.5 1.4 0.0 1.2
LnGrp Delay(d),s/veh 21.4 18.2 18.1 26.8 29.4 27.3 12.5 0.0 10.8 11.6 0.0 5.8
LnGrp LOS C B B C C C B B B A
Approach Vol, veh/h 955 347 68 243
Approach Delay, s/veh 19.2 29.1 11.5 8.4
Approach LOS B C B A
Timer 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Assigned Phs 2 4 6 7 8
Phs Duration (G+Y+Rc), s 43.6 36.4 43.6 17.0 19.5
Change Period (Y+Rc), s 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5
Max Green Setting (Gmax), s 20.5 50.5 20.5 15.5 30.5
Max Q Clear Time (g_c+I1), s 6.1 12.8 5.1 12.2 8.0
Green Ext Time (p_c), s 1.2 8.0 1.2 0.3 7.0
Intersection Summary
HCM 2010 Ctrl Delay 19.4
HCM 2010 LOS B
P137
II.
HCM 2010 Signalized Intersection Summary 2015 Improved PM.syn
1: Mill Street & Main Street 10/15/2015
2015 Improved PM 10/7/2015 Synchro 9 Report
Page 1
Movement EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Configurations
Traffic Volume (veh/h)170 415 68 17 582 80 44 32 13 67 34 203
Future Volume (veh/h)170 415 68 17 582 80 44 32 13 67 34 203
Number 7 4 14 3 8 18 5 2 12 1 6 16
Initial Q (Qb), veh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ped-Bike Adj(A_pbT)1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Parking Bus, Adj 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Adj Sat Flow, veh/h/ln 1863 1863 1900 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1900 1900 1863 1863
Adj Flow Rate, veh/h 212 477 76 24 654 125 68 40 20 92 48 216
Adj No. of Lanes 1 2 0 1 2 1 1 1 0 0 1 1
Peak Hour Factor 0.80 0.87 0.90 0.71 0.89 0.64 0.65 0.80 0.65 0.73 0.71 0.94
Percent Heavy Veh, %2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cap, veh/h 366 1376 218 333 1011 452 507 514 257 482 237 864
Arrive On Green 0.11 0.45 0.45 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44
Sat Flow, veh/h 1774 3061 485 852 3539 1583 1111 1173 586 929 540 1583
Grp Volume(v), veh/h 212 275 278 24 654 125 68 0 60 140 0 216
Grp Sat Flow(s),veh/h/ln 1774 1770 1777 852 1770 1583 1111 0 1759 1469 0 1583
Q Serve(g_s), s 6.3 8.1 8.2 1.7 13.0 4.9 3.3 0.0 1.6 3.4 0.0 5.7
Cycle Q Clear(g_c), s 6.3 8.1 8.2 1.7 13.0 4.9 8.3 0.0 1.6 5.0 0.0 5.7
Prop In Lane 1.00 0.27 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.33 0.66 1.00
Lane Grp Cap(c), veh/h 366 795 798 333 1011 452 507 0 771 718 0 864
V/C Ratio(X)0.58 0.35 0.35 0.07 0.65 0.28 0.13 0.00 0.08 0.19 0.00 0.25
Avail Cap(c_a), veh/h 519 1117 1122 415 1349 604 507 0 771 718 0 864
HCM Platoon Ratio 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Upstream Filter(I)1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 1.00
Uniform Delay (d), s/veh 17.4 14.4 14.4 21.0 25.0 22.2 16.6 0.0 13.1 14.0 0.0 9.6
Incr Delay (d2), s/veh 1.5 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.7 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.7
Initial Q Delay(d3),s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
%ile BackOfQ(50%),veh/ln 3.2 4.0 4.1 0.4 6.4 2.2 1.1 0.0 0.8 2.0 0.0 2.6
LnGrp Delay(d),s/veh 18.9 14.6 14.6 21.1 25.7 22.5 17.2 0.0 13.3 14.6 0.0 10.3
LnGrp LOS B B B C C C B B B B
Approach Vol, veh/h 765 803 128 356
Approach Delay, s/veh 15.8 25.1 15.3 12.0
Approach LOS B C B B
Timer 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Assigned Phs 2 4 6 7 8
Phs Duration (G+Y+Rc), s 39.6 40.4 39.6 13.1 27.4
Change Period (Y+Rc), s 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5
Max Green Setting (Gmax), s 20.5 50.5 20.5 15.5 30.5
Max Q Clear Time (g_c+I1), s 10.3 10.2 7.7 8.3 15.0
Green Ext Time (p_c), s 1.7 11.8 1.9 0.3 7.9
Intersection Summary
HCM 2010 Ctrl Delay 18.7
HCM 2010 LOS B
P138
II.
HCM 2010 TWSC 2015 Existing AM.syn
2: Mill Street & Bleeker Street 10/7/2015
2015 Existing AM 10/7/2015 Synchro 9 Report
Page 1
Intersection
Int Delay, s/veh 3.4
Movement EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Traffic Vol, veh/h 89 0 15 0 0 0 8 300 0 0 168 78
Future Vol, veh/h 89 0 15 0 0 0 8 300 0 0 168 78
Conflicting Peds, #/hr 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sign Control Stop Stop Stop Stop Stop Stop Free Free Free Free Free Free
RT Channelized -- None -- None -- None -- None
Storage Length ------75 --0 --
Veh in Median Storage, #-0 --0 --0 --0 -
Grade, %-0 --0 --0 --0 -
Peak Hour Factor 72 25 62 25 25 25 50 88 25 25 86 70
Heavy Vehicles, %2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Mvmt Flow 124 0 24 0 0 0 16 341 0 0 195 111
Major/Minor Minor2 Minor1 Major1 Major2
Conflicting Flow All 624 624 251 636 680 341 307 0 0 341 0 0
Stage 1 251 251 -373 373 -------
Stage 2 373 373 -263 307 -------
Critical Hdwy 7.12 6.52 6.22 7.12 6.52 6.22 4.12 --4.12 --
Critical Hdwy Stg 1 6.12 5.52 -6.12 5.52 -------
Critical Hdwy Stg 2 6.12 5.52 -6.12 5.52 -------
Follow-up Hdwy 3.518 4.018 3.318 3.518 4.018 3.318 2.218 --2.218 --
Pot Cap-1 Maneuver 398 402 788 391 373 701 1254 --1218 --
Stage 1 753 699 -648 618 -------
Stage 2 648 618 -742 661 -------
Platoon blocked, %----
Mov Cap-1 Maneuver 394 397 788 375 368 701 1254 --1218 --
Mov Cap-2 Maneuver 394 397 -375 368 -------
Stage 1 743 699 -640 610 -------
Stage 2 640 610 -719 661 -------
Approach EB WB NB SB
HCM Control Delay, s 17.7 0 0.4 0
HCM LOS C A
Minor Lane/Major Mvmt NBL NBT NBREBLn1WBLn1 SBL SBT SBR
Capacity (veh/h)1254 -- 429 - 1218 --
HCM Lane V/C Ratio 0.013 -- 0.345 ----
HCM Control Delay (s)7.9 -- 17.7 0 0 --
HCM Lane LOS A --C A A --
HCM 95th %tile Q(veh)0 -- 1.5 -0 --
P139
II.
HCM 2010 TWSC 2015 Existing PM.syn
2: Mill Street & Bleeker Street 10/7/2015
2015 Existing PM 10/7/2015 Synchro 9 Report
Page 1
Intersection
Int Delay, s/veh 3
Movement EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Traffic Vol, veh/h 70 0 22 0 0 0 21 267 0 0 281 208
Future Vol, veh/h 70 0 22 0 0 0 21 267 0 0 281 208
Conflicting Peds, #/hr 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sign Control Stop Stop Stop Stop Stop Stop Free Free Free Free Free Free
RT Channelized -- None -- None -- None -- None
Storage Length ------75 --0 --
Veh in Median Storage, #-0 --0 --0 --0 -
Grade, %-0 --0 --0 --0 -
Peak Hour Factor 73 25 55 25 25 25 88 80 25 25 94 88
Heavy Vehicles, %2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Mvmt Flow 96 0 40 0 0 0 24 334 0 0 299 236
Major/Minor Minor2 Minor1 Major1 Major2
Conflicting Flow All 798 798 417 818 916 334 535 0 0 334 0 0
Stage 1 417 417 -381 381 -------
Stage 2 381 381 -437 535 -------
Critical Hdwy 7.12 6.52 6.22 7.12 6.52 6.22 4.12 --4.12 --
Critical Hdwy Stg 1 6.12 5.52 -6.12 5.52 -------
Critical Hdwy Stg 2 6.12 5.52 -6.12 5.52 -------
Follow-up Hdwy 3.518 4.018 3.318 3.518 4.018 3.318 2.218 --2.218 --
Pot Cap-1 Maneuver 304 319 636 295 272 708 1033 --1225 --
Stage 1 613 591 -641 613 -------
Stage 2 641 613 -598 524 -------
Platoon blocked, %----
Mov Cap-1 Maneuver 299 312 636 272 266 708 1033 --1225 --
Mov Cap-2 Maneuver 299 312 -272 266 -------
Stage 1 599 591 -626 599 -------
Stage 2 626 599 -560 524 -------
Approach EB WB NB SB
HCM Control Delay, s 21.4 0 0.6 0
HCM LOS C A
Minor Lane/Major Mvmt NBL NBT NBREBLn1WBLn1 SBL SBT SBR
Capacity (veh/h)1033 -- 354 - 1225 --
HCM Lane V/C Ratio 0.023 -- 0.384 ----
HCM Control Delay (s)8.6 -- 21.4 0 0 --
HCM Lane LOS A --C A A --
HCM 95th %tile Q(veh)0.1 -- 1.8 -0 --
P140
II.
Queues 2015 Existing AM.syn
1: Mill Street & Main Street 10/14/2015
2015 Existing AM 10/7/2015 Synchro 9 Report
Page 1
Lane Group EBL EBT WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT SBL SBT
Lane Group Flow (vph)297 658 8 299 40 28 40 76 167
v/c Ratio 0.64 0.47 0.07 0.54 0.13 0.05 0.05 0.11 0.19
Control Delay 23.8 18.2 28.3 34.4 2.2 12.7 9.8 13.1 4.7
Queue Delay 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Delay 23.8 18.2 28.3 34.4 2.2 12.7 9.8 13.1 4.7
Queue Length 50th (ft)104 120 4 74 0 7 7 20 9
Queue Length 95th (ft)148 145 6 95 0 13 18 34 4
Internal Link Dist (ft)176 162 121 224
Turn Bay Length (ft)100 100 100 100
Base Capacity (vph)475 2219 285 1349 654 597 882 671 876
Starvation Cap Reductn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Spillback Cap Reductn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Storage Cap Reductn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Reduced v/c Ratio 0.63 0.30 0.03 0.22 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.11 0.19
Intersection Summary
P141
II.
Queues 2015 Existing PM.syn
1: Mill Street & Main Street 10/14/2015
2015 Existing PM 10/7/2015 Synchro 9 Report
Page 1
Lane Group EBL EBT WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT SBL SBT
Lane Group Flow (vph)213 553 24 654 125 68 60 92 264
v/c Ratio 0.50 0.31 0.10 0.64 0.23 0.19 0.09 0.18 0.35
Control Delay 13.9 10.1 19.4 27.4 4.7 22.5 15.4 21.4 7.1
Queue Delay 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Delay 13.9 10.1 19.4 27.4 4.7 22.5 15.4 21.4 7.1
Queue Length 50th (ft)55 71 9 150 0 23 13 31 15
Queue Length 95th (ft)59 70 18 173 11 43 38 60 39
Internal Link Dist (ft)176 162 121 224
Turn Bay Length (ft)100 100 100 100
Base Capacity (vph)464 2203 316 1349 680 363 681 505 751
Starvation Cap Reductn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Spillback Cap Reductn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Storage Cap Reductn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Reduced v/c Ratio 0.46 0.25 0.08 0.48 0.18 0.19 0.09 0.18 0.35
Intersection Summary
P142
II.
Queues 2015 Improved AM.syn
1: Mill Street & Main Street 10/15/2015
2015 Improved AM 10/7/2015 Synchro 9 Report
Page 1
Lane Group EBL EBT WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT SBT SBR
Lane Group Flow (vph)297 658 8 299 40 28 40 112 131
v/c Ratio 0.64 0.47 0.07 0.54 0.13 0.04 0.05 0.15 0.11
Control Delay 23.8 18.2 28.3 34.4 2.2 12.6 9.8 13.2 1.0
Queue Delay 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Delay 23.8 18.2 28.3 34.4 2.2 12.6 9.8 13.2 1.0
Queue Length 50th (ft)104 120 4 74 0 7 7 29 0
Queue Length 95th (ft)148 145 6 95 0 13 18 32 13
Internal Link Dist (ft)176 162 121 224
Turn Bay Length (ft)100 100 100 100
Base Capacity (vph)475 2219 285 1349 654 628 882 748 1209
Starvation Cap Reductn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Spillback Cap Reductn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Storage Cap Reductn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Reduced v/c Ratio 0.63 0.30 0.03 0.22 0.06 0.04 0.05 0.15 0.11
Intersection Summary
P143
II.
Queues 2015 Improved PM.syn
1: Mill Street & Main Street 10/15/2015
2015 Improved PM 10/7/2015 Synchro 9 Report
Page 1
Lane Group EBL EBT WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT SBT SBR
Lane Group Flow (vph)213 553 24 654 125 68 60 140 216
v/c Ratio 0.50 0.31 0.10 0.64 0.23 0.14 0.09 0.25 0.22
Control Delay 13.9 10.1 19.4 27.4 4.7 21.4 15.4 21.8 5.1
Queue Delay 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Delay 13.9 10.1 19.4 27.4 4.7 21.4 15.4 21.8 5.1
Queue Length 50th (ft)55 71 9 150 0 22 13 48 20
Queue Length 95th (ft)59 70 18 173 11 42 38 82 62
Internal Link Dist (ft)176 162 121 224
Turn Bay Length (ft)100 100 100 100
Base Capacity (vph)464 2203 316 1349 680 469 681 556 1035
Starvation Cap Reductn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Spillback Cap Reductn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Storage Cap Reductn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Reduced v/c Ratio 0.46 0.25 0.08 0.48 0.18 0.14 0.09 0.25 0.21
Intersection Summary
P144
II.