HomeMy WebLinkAboutFile Documents.905 Chatfield Rd.0111.2018 (175).ARBK H-P ti KU MAR 5020 County Road 154
"v Glenwood Springs, CO 81601
Geotechnical Engineering I Engineering Geology Phone: (970)945-7988
Materials Testing I Environmental Fax:(970)945-8454
Email: hpkglenwood@kumarusa.com
Office Locations: Denver(HQ), Parker, Colorado Springs, Fort Collins,Glenwood Springs, Summit County,Colorado
SUBSOIL STUDY
FOR FOUNDATION DESIGN
PROPOSED SILVERSTEIN RESIDENCE
LOT 4, FILING 3,WEST ASPEN SUBDIVISION
905 CHATFIELD ROAD
ASPEN, COLORADO
PROJECT NO. 17-7-830
DECEMBER 26, 2017
PREPARED FOR:
WILLIAM SILVERSTEIN
1569 FOREST ROAD
HIGHLAND PARK,ILLINOIS 60035
(bsilverstein @ mainholdingsllc.com)
RECEIVED
12/03/2018
ASPEN
BUILDING DEPARTMENT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF STUDY - 1 -
PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION - 1 -
SITE CONDITIONS - 1 -
FIELD EXPLORATION - 2 -
SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS - 2 -
FOUNDATION BEARING CONDITIONS - 3 -
DESIGN RECOMMENDATIONS - 3 -
FOUNDATIONS - 3 _
FOUNDATION AND RETAINING WALLS - 4 -
FLOOR SLABS - 6 -
UNDERDRAIN SYSTEM - 6 -
DRYWELL - 7 -
SURFACE DRAINAGE - 7 -
LIMITATIONS - 8 -
FIGURE 1 - LOCATION OF EXPLORATORY BORINGS
FIGURE 2 -LOGS OF EXPLORATORY BORINGS
FIGURE 3 —LEGEND AND NOTES
FIGURE 4—GRADATION TEST RESULTS
TABLE 1 —SUMMARY OF LABORATORY TEST RESULTS
TABLE 2—PERCOLATION TEST RESULTS
RECEIVED
12/03/2018
H-PaKUMAR Project No. 17-7-830
,ASPEN
BUILDING DEPARTMENT
PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF STUDY
This report presents the results of a subsoil study for a proposed residence located on Lot 4,
Filing 1, West Aspen Subdivision, 905 Chatfield Road, Aspen, Colorado. The project site is
shown on Figure 1. The purpose of the study was to develop recommendations for the
foundation design. The study was conducted in accordance with our proposal for geotechnical
engineering services to Bill Silverstein, dated November 15, 2017.
A field exploration program consisting of exploratory borings was conducted to obtain
information on the subsurface conditions. Samples of the subsoils obtained during the field
exploration were tested in the laboratory to determine their classification and other engineering
characteristics. The results of the field exploration and laboratory testing were analyzed to
develop recommendations for foundation types, depths and allowable pressures for the proposed
building foundation. This report summarizes the data obtained during this study and presents our •
conclusions, design recommendations and other geotechnical engineering considerations based
on the proposed construction and the subsurface conditions encountered.
PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION
The proposed construction consists of a new residence in place of the existing residence as
shown on Figure 1. The residence will be a 2-story structure with a partial basement level.
Ground floors will be partly slab-on-grade and structural above crawlspace. Grading for the
structure will be relatively minor with cut depths up to about 10 to 12 feet. We assume relatively
light foundation loadings, typical of the proposed type of construction.
If building loadings, location or grading plans change significantly from those described above,
we should be notified to re-evaluate the recommendations contained in this report.
SITE CONDITIONS
The property is occupied with a single-story residence above a walkout lower level and 2-story
slab-on-grade garage. The ground surface is somewhat irregular and gently to moderately
sloping down to the west with about 15 feet of elevation difference across the building site.
Vegetation consists of scattered aspen and evergreen trees and lawn sod. There was a mino I i')
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H-Pk, Project No. 17-7-830 ASPEN
BUILDING DEPARTMENT
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amount of snow on the lot at the time of our field exploration. A steep slope down to Maroon
Creek is located just west of the property.
FIELD EXPLORATION
The field exploration for the project was conducted on December 6, 2017. Two exploratory
borings were drilled at the approximate locations shown on Figure 1 to evaluate the subsurface
conditions. Drill rig access was limited to the eastern part of the property due to the existing
residence and irregular terrain. The borings were advanced with 4-inch diameter continuous
flight augers powered by a truck-mounted CME-45B drill rig and were logged by a
representative of H-P/Kumar.
Samples of the subsoils were taken with a 1%-inch I.D. spoon sampler. The sampler was driven
into the subsoils at various depths with blows from a 140 pound hammer falling 30 inches. This
test is similar to the standard penetration test described by ASTM Method D-1586. The
penetration resistance values are an indication of the relative density or consistency of the
subsoils. Depths at which the samples were taken and the penetration resistance values are
shown on the Logs of Exploratory Borings, Figure 2. The samples were returned to our
laboratory for review by the project engineer and testing.
SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS
Graphic logs of the subsurface conditions encountered at the site are shown on Figure 2. The
subsoils, below the topsoil and about 3 to 4 feet of mixed clay, sand and gravel fill, consist of
dense, silty to slightly silty sandy gravel with cobbles and probable boulders to the boring depths
of 7 to 12 feet. Drilling in the coarse granular soils with auger equipment was difficult due to the
cobbles and probable boulders and practical auger refusal was encountered in the deposit. The
fill types and depths should be expected to vary across the property.
Laboratory testing performed on samples obtained from the borings included natural moisture
content and gradation analyses. Results of gradation analyses performed on small diameter drive
samples (minus 11 -inch size fraction) of the natural granular soils are presented in Figure 4.
The laboratory test results are summarized in Table 1. (ram1.8 R
E
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BUILDING DEPARTMENT
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No free water was encountered in the borings at the time of drilling and the subsoils were moist
to slightly moist with depth.
FOUNDATION BEARING CONDITIONS
The natural granular soils encountered below the fill material and topsoil are adequate for
support of spread footing foundations. The man-placed fill and topsoil should be completely
removed from beneath proposed building areas. We expect excavation for the proposed
residence will be cut down below the fill materials but the extent of existing fill and debris
should be further evaluated at the time of excavation.
The City of Aspen requires an engineered excavation stabilization plan if proposed foundations
are within 15 feet of a neighboring structure or public travel way. The plan is not required if
excavations are less than 5 feet below existing grades or further than 15 feet from travel ways
and less than 15 feet deep. Slope bracing through use of a variety of systems such as micro-piles
and soil nailing should be feasible at the site. A shoring contractor with experience in the area
should provide design drawings to support the proposed excavation slopes where needed. Other
City requirements may also be applicable.
DESIGN RECOMMENDATIONS
FOUNDATIONS
Considering the subsurface conditions encountered in the exploratory borings and the nature of
the proposed construction, we recommend the building be founded with spread footings bearing
on the natural granular soils.
The design and construction criteria presented below should be observed for a spread footing
foundation system.
1) Footings placed on the undisturbed natural granular soils or a limited depth of
structural fill should be designed for an allowable bearing pressure of 3,000 psf.
Based on experience, we expect settlement of footings designed and constructed
as discussed in this section will be about 1 inch or less.
R f E I "A Ci)
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2) The footings should have a minimum width of 16 inches for continuous walls and
2 feet for isolated pads.
3) Exterior footings and footings beneath unheated areas should be provided with
adequate soil cover above their bearing elevation for frost protection. Placement
of foundations at least 42 inches below exterior grade is typically used in this
area.
4) Continuous foundation walls should be reinforced top and bottom to span local
anomalies such as by assuming an unsupported length of at least 10 feet.
Foundation walls acting as retaining structures should also be designed to resist
lateral earth pressures as discussed in the "Foundation and Retaining Walls"
section of this report.
5) The existing fill soils, topsoil, debris and any loose or disturbed soils should be
removed and the footing bearing level extended down to the relatively dense,
natural granular soils. The exposed soils in footing area should then be moistened
and compacted. Structural fill placed to re-establish design bearing level should
be limited to 5 feet in depth and should consist of a relatively well graded
granular soil approved by the geotechnical engineer and compacted to at least
100% of standard Proctor density at near optimum moisture content. The fill
should extend laterally out from the footing edges a distance at least equal to the
depth of fill below the footing.
6) A representative of the geotechnical engineer should observe all footing
excavations and test compaction of structural fill prior to concrete placement to
evaluate bearing conditions.
FOUNDATION AND RETAINING WALLS
Foundation walls and retaining structures which are laterally supported and can be expected to
undergo only a slight amount of deflection should be designed for a lateral earth pressure
computed on the basis of an equivalent fluid unit weight of at least 50 pcf for backfill consisting
of the on-site granular soils or imported granular materials. Cantilevered retaining structures
which are separate from the building and can be expected to deflect sufficiently to mobilize the
full active earth pressure condition should be designed for a lateral earth pressure computed ones pk1 i 1.
‘ 1 it
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BUILDING DEPARTMENT
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the basis of an equivalent fluid unit weight of at least 40 pcf for backfill consisting of the on-site
granular soils or imported granular materials. The backfill should not contain debris, topsoil or
oversized (plus 6 inch) rock.
All foundation and retaining structures should be designed for appropriate hydrostatic and
surcharge pressures such as adjacent footings, traffic, construction materials and equipment. The
pressures recommended above assume drained conditions behind the walls and a horizontal
backfill surface. The buildup of water behind a wall or an upward sloping backfill surface will
increase the lateral pressure imposed on a foundation wall or retaining structure. An underdrain
should be provided to prevent hydrostatic pressure buildup behind walls.
Backfill should be placed in uniform lifts and compacted to at least 90% of the maximum
standard Proctor density at a moisture content near optimum. Backfill placed in pavement and
walkway areas should be compacted to at least 95% of the maximum standard Proctor density.
Care should be taken not to over compact the backfill or use large equipment near the wall, since
this could cause excessive lateral pressure on the wall. Some settlement of deep foundation wall
backfill should be expected, even if the material is placed correctly, and could result in distress to
facilities constructed on the backfill. Increasing compaction to at least 98% of standard Proctor
density could be used to help limit the settlement potential.
The lateral resistance of foundation or retaining wall footings will be a combination of the
sliding resistance of the footing on the foundation materials and passive earth pressure against
the side of the footing. Resistance to sliding at the bottoms of the footings can be calculated
based on a coefficient of friction of 0.50. Passive pressure of compacted backfill against the
sides of the footings can be calculated using an equivalent fluid unit weight of 450 pcf. The
coefficient of friction and passive pressure values recommended above assume ultimate soil
strength. Suitable factors of safety should be included in the design to limit the strain which will
occur at the ultimate strength, particularly in the case of passive resistance. Fill placed against
the sides of the footings to resist lateral loads should be a relatively well graded granular soil
compacted to at least 95% of the maximum standard Proctor density at a moisture content near
optimum.
RECEIVE
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H-PiKIJMAR Project No. 17-7-830 ASPEN
BUILDING DEPARTMENT
- 6 -
FLOOR SLABS
The natural granular soils encountered below the existing fill are suitable to support lightly
loaded slab-on-grade construction. To reduce the effects of some differential movement, floor
slabs should be separated from all bearing walls and columns with expansion joints which allow
unrestrained vertical movement. Floor slab control joints should be used to reduce damage due
to shrinkage cracking. The requirements for joint spacing and slab reinforcement should be
established by the designer based on experience and the intended slab use. A minimum 4-inch
layer of free-draining gravel should be placed beneath basement level slabs to facilitate drainage.
This material should consist of minus 2-inch aggregate with at least 50% retained on the No. 4
sieve and less than 2% passing the No. 200 sieve.
All fill materials for support of floor slabs should be compacted to at least 95% of maximum
standard Proctor density at a moisture content near optimum. Required fill can consist of the on-
site granular soils devoid of debris, topsoil and rock larger than about 6 inches.
UNDERDRAIN SYSTEM
Although free water was not encountered during our exploration, it has'been our experience in
the area that local perched groundwater can develop during times of heavy precipitation or
seasonal runoff. Frozen ground during spring runoff can create a perched condition. We
recommend below-grade construction, such as retaining walls, crawlspace and basement areas,
be protected from wetting and hydrostatic pressure buildup by an underdrain system.
The drains should consist of drainpipe placed in the bottom of the wall backfill surrounded above
the invert level with free-draining granular material. The drain should be placed at each level of
excavation and at least 1 foot below lowest adjacent finish grade and sloped at a minimum 1% to
a suitable gravity outlet, drywell or sump and pump. Free-draining granular material used in the
underdrain system should contain less than 2% passing the No. 200 sieve, less than 50% passing
the No. 4 sieve and have a maximum size of 2 inches. The drain gravel backfill should be at
least 11/z feet deep.
C I Ci)
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H-PtKUMAR Project No. 17-7-830 ASPEN
BUILDING DEPARTMENT
-7 -
DRYWELL
Drywells and bio-swales are often used in the Aspen area for site water runoff detention and
disposal. The natural granular soils encountered below the fill soils and topsoil are typically
relatively free draining and should be suitable for surface water treatment and disposal as
needed. The results of percolation testing performed in Boring 1, presented in Table 2, indicate
an infiltration rate of about 3 minutes per inch. Bedrock and groundwater levels are generally
known to be relatively deep compared to the proposed lower floor level and not affect drywell or
bio-swale design. If a drywell is used, it should have solid casing down to at least 2 feet below
adjacent basement floor level with perforations below that level.
SURFACE DRAINAGE
The following drainage precautions should be observed during construction and maintained at all
times after the building has been completed:
1) Inundation of the foundation excavations and underslab areas should be avoided
during construction.
2) Exterior backfill should be adjusted to near optimum moisture and compacted to
at least 95% of the maximum standard Proctor density in pavement and slab areas
and to at least 90% of the maximum standard Proctor density in landscape areas.
3) The ground surface surrounding the exterior of the building should be sloped to
drain away from the foundation in all directions. We recommend a minimum
slope of 12 inches in the first 10 feet in unpaved areas and a minimum slope of 3
inches in the first 10 feet in paved areas. Free-draining wall backfill should be
covered with filter fabric and capped with at least 2 feet of finer graded soils to
reduce surface water infiltration.
4) Roof downspouts and drains should discharge well beyond the limits of all
backfill.
5) Landscaping which requires regular heavy irrigation should be located at least 5
feet from foundation walls.
RECEIVED
12/03/2018
H-PauKUMAR Project No. 17-7-830
ASPEN
BUILDING DEPARTMENT
- 8 -
LIMITATIONS
This study has been conducted in accordance with generally accepted geotechnical engineering
principles and practices in this area at the time of this study. We make no warranty either
express or implied. The conclusions and recommendations submitted in this report are based
upon the data obtained from the exploratory borings drilled at the locations indicated on Figure
1, the proposed type of construction and our experience in the area. Our services do not include
determining the presence,prevention or possibility of mold or other biological contaminants
(MOBC) developing in the future. If the client is concerned about MOBC, then a professional in
this special field of practice should be consulted. Our findings include interpolation and
extrapolation of the subsurface conditions identified at the exploratory borings and variations in
the subsurface conditions may not become evident until excavation is performed. If conditions
encountered during construction appear different from those described in this report, we should
be notified so that re-evaluation of the recommendations may be made.
This report has been prepared for the exclusive use by our client for design purposes. We are not
responsible for technical interpretations by others of our information. As the project evolves, we
should provide continued consultation and field services during construction to review and
monitor the implementation of our recommendations, and to verify that the recommendations
have been appropriately interpreted. Significant design changes may require additional analysis
or modifications to the recommendations presented herein. We recommend on-site observation
of excavations and foundation bearing strata and testing of structural fill by a representative of
the geotechnical engineer.
Respectfully Submitted,
KUMAR
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Steven L. Pawlak, P.E. 41 1"222
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cc: CCY Architects—Gage "`" reese @ccyarchitects.com) RECEIVED
12/03/2018
H-PkKUMAR Project No. 1 7-7-830AS P E N
BUILDING DEPARTMENT
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APPROXIMATE SCALE-FEET
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Ee 17-7-830 _ ti LOCATION H P KUMAR ATION OF EXPLORATORY BORINGS Fig. 1
1' 12/03/2018
ASPEN
BUILDING DEPARTMENT
BORING 1 BORING 2
EL. 7834' EL. 7834.5'
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12/0:/2018
ASPEN
BUILDING DEPARTMENT
LEGEND
;'.,TOPSOIL; SOD ABOVE ORGANIC SANDY SILT AND CLAY, FIRM, DARK BROWN.
X FILL; SILTY, CLAYEY SANDY GRAVEL, MOIST, MIXED BROWN.
.
X GRAVEL (GM); SILTY TO SLIGHTLY SILTY, SANDY, COBBLES, PROBABLE BOULDERS, DENSE,
SLIGHTLY MOIST, BROWN, ROUNDED ROCK.
0 •
DRIVE SAMPLE; STANDARD PENETRATION TEST (SPT), 1 3/8 INCH I.D. SPLIT SPOON
SAMPLE, ASTM D-1586.
20/12 E E BUDTS AT O A O
FALLING 30SAMPL INCHESLOW WERECO NT.REQUIRED IN INDICATES ET O DRIVE 20 THEBL SPTWS SAOFMPLER140-P 12 INCHES.UND HAMMER
t PRACTICAL AUGER REFUSAL.
NOTES
1. THE EXPLORATORY BORINGS WERE DRILLED ON DECEMBER 6, 2017 WITH A 4-INCH DIAMETER
CONTINUOUS FLIGHT POWER AUGER.
2. THE LOCATIONS OF THE EXPLORATORY BORINGS WERE MEASURED APPROXIMATELY BY PACING
FROM FEATURES SHOWN ON THE SITE PLAN PROVIDED.
3. THE ELEVATIONS OF THE EXPLORATORY BORINGS WERE OBTAINED BY INTERPOLATION BETWEEN
CONTOURS ON THE SITE PLAN PROVIDED.
4. THE EXPLORATORY BORING LOCATIONS AND ELEVATIONS SHOULD BE CONSIDERED ACCURATE
ONLY TO THE DEGREE IMPLIED BY THE METHOD USED.
5. THE LINES BETWEEN MATERIALS SHOWN ON THE EXPLORATORY BORING LOGS REPRESENT THE
APPROXIMATE BOUNDARIES BETWEEN MATERIAL TYPES AND THE TRANSITIONS MAY BE GRADUAL.
6. GROUNDWATER WAS NOT ENCOUNTERED IN THE BORINGS AT THE TIME OF DRILLING.
7. LABORATORY TEST RESULTS:
WC = WATER CONTENT (%) (ASTM D 2216);
+4 = PERCENTAGE RETAINED ON NO. 4 SIEVE (ASTM D 422);
-200= PERCENTAGE PASSING NO. 200 SIEVE (ASTM D 1140).
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17-7-830 H-P-%KUM 9
AR LEGEND AND NOTES Fig. 3CEIVE
12/0Z/2018
ASPEN
BUILDING DEPARTMENT
HYDROMETER ANALYSIS SIEVE ANALYSIS
TIME READINGS U.S. STANDARD SERIES CLEAR SQUARE OPENINGS
24 HRS 7 HRS
100 45 MIN 15 MIN 60MIN 19MIN AMIN 11.IN 4200 0100 010#140#30 016 010 48 t4 3 6' 3 4' 1 2' 3' S1'6' V,
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0 I I 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 l 11 I 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 ■ 1 1 1 e II 1 I I I 1 I 1 1 I 100
.001 .002 .005 .009 .019 .037 .075 .150 .300 I .600 1.16 12.36 4.75 9.5 19 38.1 76.2 127 200
.425 2.0 152
I DIAMETER OF PARTICLES IN MILLIMETERS
CLAY TO SILT SAND GRAVEL
FINE MEDIUM COARSE FINE COARSE COBBLES
GRAVEL 58 X SAND 27 X SILT AND CLAY 15 X
LIQUID LIMIT PLASTICITY INDEX
SAMPLE OF: Silty Sandy Gravel FROM: Boring 1 0 5'
HYDROMETER ANALYSIS SIEVE ANALYSIS I
TIME READINGS U.S. STANDARD SERIES I CLEAR SQUARE OPENINGS
24 HRS 7 HRS
100 45 MIN 115 MIN GOWN 19MIN 4MIN 1MIN 4200 4120 450 140 l 4OW415 II?46 44 3 8' 3 4" 1 1 2" 3' 5'6" 6'0
I I
I 1
90
10
80
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0 I I 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 I I I II 1 It I I I I I I I 11 I I I lt,,1 I 1 I I I i l l I 100
.001 .002 .005 .009 .019 .037 .075 .150 .300 I .600 1.1a 12.36 4.75 92.0 .5 19 38.1 76.2 127 200
.425152 I
DIAMETER OF PARTICLES IN MILLIMETERS
CLAY TO SILT SAND GRAVEL
FINE MEDIUM COARSE FINE COARSE COBBLES
S2
GRAVEL 60 X SAND 27 X SILT AND CLAY 13 X
g
LIQUID LIMIT PLASTICITY INDEX
i SAMPLE OF: Silty Sandy Gravel FROM: Boring 2 0 5'
J
These test results apply only to the
samples which were tested. The
telling except In report
full, without the
shall
writtent be reproduced,
a approval of Kumar& Associates j
Sievei^ acco analysis w h ASI Is performed
22 mivED
accordance with AS1M D42
R and/or ASTM D1140.
,,
1) 17-7-830 H—P%dKUMAR GRADATION TEST RESULTS 04/&3/2018
1,1
ASPEN
BUILDING DEPARTMENT
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TABLE 2
PERCOLATION TEST RESULTS
PROJECT NO. 17-7-830
HOLE NO. HOLE LENGTH OF WATER WATER DROP IN AVERAGE
DEPTH INTERVAL DEPTH AT DEPTH AT WATER PERCOLATION
(INCHES) (MIN) START OF END OF LEVEL RATE
INTERVAL INTERVAL (INCHES) (MIN./INCH)
(INCHES) (INCHES)
B-1 120 5 271 171/2 10 0.5
171/2 8 9'/2 0.5
Water Added 29 24 5 1
24 22 2 2.5
22 201/2 11/2 3.3
201/2 19 1'/2 3.3
Note: The percolation test was conducted in the completed 4-inch diameter borehole
on December 6, 2017.
RECEIVED
12/03/2018
ASPEN
BUILDING DEPARTMENT