Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAboutFile Documents.210 S West End St.0011-2021-BCHO (18) DRAINAGE REPORT FOR 210 S WEST END ASPEN, CO 81611 I hereby affirm that this report and the accompanying drawings for the analysis of 210 S West End Drive, Aspen, Colorado was prepared under my direct supervision for the owners thereof in accordance with the provisions of the City of Aspen Urban Runoff Management Plan with proposed variances and exceptions listed thereto. I understand that it is the policy of the City of Aspen that the City of Aspen does not and will not assume liability for drainage facilities designed by others. Permit #: 0011-2021-BCHO August 04, 2021 Rick Barth, P.E. 36749 Prepared by 118 West Sixth Street, Suite 200 Glenwood Springs, CO 81601 970.945.1004 970.945.5948 fax 08/10/2021 210 S West End, Aspen, Colorado August 4, 2021 Drainage Report for Major Design i DRAINAGE REPORT FOR 210 S WEST END ASPEN, CO 81611 REVIEWED BY RICK BARTH SGM Project # 2020-474.001 I:\2020\2020-474-SackResidenceRenovation\001\E-Reports\SGM\Working Files\Sack- Drainage-Report.docx 08/10/2021 210 S West End, Aspen, Colorado August 4, 2021 Drainage Report for Major Design ii TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 Existing Site 3 1.1 Description of Existing Site 3 1.2 Description of Existing Drainage 3 2.0 Proposed Project 3 3.0 Proposed Basins 4 3.1 Basin 1 4 3.2 Basin 2 4 3.3 Basin 3 4 3.4 Basin 4 5 3.5 Basin 5 5 3.6 Basin 6 5 4.0 Peak Flow Methodology 5 5.0 Water Quality Methodology 6 6.0 Maintenance 6 6.1 Pervious Pavers 6 6.2 Rain Garden 6 6.3 Dry well (Flo-Well) 7 7.0 Conclusion 7 LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A – Proposed Drainage Schematic & Tree Canopy Credits Appendix B – Water Quality Capture Volume Calculations Appendix C – Peak Flow Calculations – Proposed Conditions Appendix D – Soil Study 08/10/2021 210 S West End, Aspen, Colorado August 4, 2021 Drainage Report for Major Design 3 1.0 Existing Site 1.1 Description of Existing Site The physical address of the project is 210 S West End, Aspen, Colorado and it is located on parcel no. 2737-182-06-004. This parcel is approximately 9000 square feet and is owned by West End Home LLC. The existing structure on the parcel is one building that serves as a multi-unit (4-8). The project focuses on landscaping and entrance improvements and changes to the inside and the addition of roof and balcony aspects while preserving access, utilities, and most existing vegetation. The existing residence is 7602 square feet and has three stories with a garage. 1.2 Description of Existing Drainage Existing storm water runs off the existing house either as sheet flow or through gutters and downspouts. Topography of the site suggests that the existing drainage patterns flow from the east side of the property to the west side of the property. Some drainage moves north and south but ultimately flows west once it reaches the gutter and alley. A previously designed flo-well detention system was installed in the fall of 2020 and will be incorporated into the design of the major classification project. There are no apparent erosive or runoff issues (gullies, channels, etc.). A web soil survey was performed and found the soils to be Uracca, moist-Mergel complex, classified as Hydrologic Soil Group B will well-draining soils consisting of very cobbly sandy clay loam to extremely cobbly loamy sand. There is no existing offsite runoff that enters the property as upstream flows appear to be properly directed to the CoA stormwater infrastructure. The property will not require detention beyond the water quality capture volume (WQCV) as it exists within the City of Aspen and can rely on the city’s stormwater infrastructure. 2.0 Proposed Project The primary purpose of this project is to remodel the existing residence. Other improvements include the addition of onsite snowmelt pavement and improving storm water runoff quality. The proposed project is considered a major project as defined by the COA Urban Runoff Management Plan (URMP) because more than 1000 square feet and 25% of the site will be disturbed. The proposed residential remodel will affect the main level, basement, and upper level. Storm water quality improvements consist of 838 square feet of pervious pavers and 55.3 cubic feet of rain gardens. The pervious pavers will be located on the patios and walkways around the property. Rain gardens are located on the west of the residence. 08/10/2021 210 S West End, Aspen, Colorado August 4, 2021 Drainage Report for Major Design 4 3.0 Proposed Basins The proposed site has 6 basins, as shown in Appendix A. Summary of the basins and detailed calculations can be found in Appendix B. Storm water runoff will be routed to designated BMPs for water quality treatment through a combination of grading and gutters with downspouts. All proposed storm water runoff will discharge from the site as sheet flow in a westerly direction to match historical flow patterns. Basins are detailed in the sections that follow, with descriptions on how the required WQCV is treated by BMPs within the basin. WQCV is calculated based on tree canopy credits, proposed rain garden volume, and proposed pervious paver area. 3.1 Basin 1 Basin 1 is located on the northeast corner of the site, along the alley. This basin is 1571 square feet of which 1312 square feet is impervious. A 12.6 cubic foot flo-well detention with 4.7 cubic feet of aggregate volume (gravel) will be used to treat the WQCV for this basin. This flo-well was designed by another engineering firm when the project was currently in a Minor Development category. Grades were adjusted to better fit the overall grading scheme and an overflow pipe was added to the design, directing water further downstream to Basin 6. See Appendix A for the proposed location of BMPs in this basin. This area is mostly the north-eastern portion of the building and roof. Storm water will be routed from the roof and driveway to the flo-well via roof drainage, gutter downspouts, and a trench drain in front of the garage. Water infiltrates within the flo-well detention and an overflow pipe is connected to direct excess water to a secondary flo-well in Basin 6. The need for the overflow and second flo-well derives from the garage apron and driveway being in a sump condition. Previous designs for the flo-well had the overflow directing back to the trench drains, creating a circular flow path with no overflow route away from this basin. 3.2 Basin 2 Basin 2 is located on the eastern portion of the site. Storm water runoff will flow from roof areas toward the east property boundary and ultimately west by means of an underdrain. This basin is 1032 square feet of which 828 square feet is impervious. Pervious pavers will be used to treat the WQCV, with remaining WQCV being treated by the rain gardens on the west of the site. See Appendix A for the proposed location of BMPs in this basin. After water infiltrates through the pavers and respective substrate, it enters the underdrain and is directed to the rain garden. 3.3 Basin 3 Basin 3 is located on the southeast side of the site and will collect runoff from the southeast portion of the roof. Storm water runoff will flow from roof areas toward the south property boundary and ultimately west by means of an underdrain. This basin is 1688 square feet of which 821 square feet is impervious. Pervious pavers will be used to treat the WQCV, with remaining WQCV being treated by the rain gardens on the west of the site. See Appendix A for the proposed location of BMPs in this basin. After water infiltrates through the pavers and respective substrate, it enters the underdrain and is directed to the rain garden. 08/10/2021 210 S West End, Aspen, Colorado August 4, 2021 Drainage Report for Major Design 5 3.4 Basin 4 Basin 4 is located on the southwest side of the site and will collect runoff from the southwest portion of the roof. Storm water runoff will flow from roof areas toward the south property boundary and ultimately west by means of an underdrain. This basin is 2132 square feet of which 709 square feet is impervious. Pervious pavers will be used to treat the WQCV, with remaining WQCV being treated by the rain gardens on the west of the site. See Appendix A for the proposed location of BMPs in this basin. After water infiltrates through the pavers and respective substrate, it enters the underdrain and is directed to the rain garden. 3.5 Basin 5 Basin 5 is located on the west side of the site and will collect runoff from the west portion of the roof. Storm water runoff will flow from roof areas toward the west property boundary by means of surface flow and an underdrain This basin is 1516 square feet of which 829 square feet is impervious. Pervious pavers will be used to treat the WQCV, with remaining WQCV being treated by the rain gardens on the west of the site. See Appendix A for the proposed location of BMPs in this basin. After water infiltrates through the pavers and respective substrate, it enters the underdrain and is directed to the rain garden. 3.6 Basin 6 Basin 6 is located on the northwest side of the site and will collect runoff from the northwest portion of the roof. Storm water runoff will flow from roof areas toward the south by means of gutter and surface flow. This basin is 1061 square feet of which 676 square feet is impervious. Pervious pavers will be used to treat the WQCV, with remaining WQCV being treated by the rain gardens on the west of the site. See Appendix A for the proposed location of BMPs in this basin. After water infiltrates through the pavers and respective substrate, it enters the underdrain and is directed to the rain garden. 4.0 Peak Flow Methodology Peak flow methodology was not a determining factor for this site since all stormwater will be treated for water quality and ultimately ending up in the City of Aspen stormwater infrastructure. Pipe sizes were calculated to ensure they are sized appropriately to convey the 100-year storm water. These sizing calculations can be seen below. 08/10/2021 210 S West End, Aspen, Colorado August 4, 2021 Drainage Report for Major Design 6 5.0 Water Quality Methodology The Required WQCV (cf) for each basin on the property was estimated from Figure 8.13 of the URMP based on the basin imperviousness and basin area. Then WQCV credits were estimated based on the proposed areas for pervious pavers and preserved tree canopy (see further discussion of tree canopy credit below). All water quality treatment is based on the instruction of section 8.4.1 in the URMP The Tree Canopy Credit was calculated following the recommendations in section 8.4.1 of the URMP. Detailed calculations for the Tree Canopy Credit can be found in Appendix C. In addition, a map showing the designated trees and their canopy areas is shown in Appendix B. Runoff from all impervious areas will be treated by directing the runoff to pervious pavers and a rain garden. All proposed runoff will leave the property as sheet flow and will flow over grass lawn located in the right of way before entering the curb and gutter system. 6.0 Maintenance 6.1 Pervious Pavers The following maintenance recommendations were found in the Urban Drainage Flood Control District USDCM: Volume 3 Storm water Quality (page 6-15 to 6-17) and will be used as a guide for the maintenance of the proposed pervious pavers. An inspection of the condition and observation of infiltration should be completed annually. The pavers will lose infiltration capabilities over time and it is recommended to use ASTM C1707 Standard Test Method for Infiltration Rate of In Place Pervious Concrete to measure the infiltration rate of the pavers. A regenerative air or vacuumed sweeper should be used twice annually and after any significant site work, like landscaping, is done. However, the timing of vacuum sweeping is variable based on site conditions and biannual vacuuming may be more often than needed. Sand should never be applied to the pavers for snow removal as this will decrease the permeability of the pavers. The proposed pavers will have snowmelt capabilities, but if snow removal is necessary, mechanical snow removal should be done. If the surface of the paver system ever becomes completely clogged, remove and replacement of the first ½ to 1 inch of infill. The use of a push broom is recommended for the replacement of infill. 6.2 Rain Garden Annual inspection of the rain gardens should be taken to ensure that the material is not clogged and inhibiting drainage. Inspection after large storms should also be taken to ensure that the rain garden is draining as it should. Replacement and/or cleaning of the material should be performed when it is observed that the rain garden is performing less than optimally in its 08/10/2021 210 S West End, Aspen, Colorado August 4, 2021 Drainage Report for Major Design 7 existing condition. Cleaning of the underdrain should be inspected annually and after large storms that could cause debris to clog the pipes. Cleanouts have been provided to facilitate this maintenance. 6.3 Dry well (Flo-Well) Dry wells must be inspected and maintained yearly to remove sediment and debris that is washed into them. A maintenance plan shall be submitted to the City in the Drainage Report describing the maintenance schedule that will be undertaken by the owners of the new residence or building. Minimum inspection and maintenance requirements include the following: • Inspect dry wells as annually and after every storm exceeding 0.5 inches. • Dispose of sediment, debris/trash, and any other waste material removed from a dry well at suitable disposal sites and in compliance with local, state, and federal waste regulations. • Routinely evaluate the drain-down time of the dry well to ensure the maximum time of 24 hours are not being exceeded. If drain-down times are exceeding the maximum, drain the dry well via pumping and clean out the percolation area (the percolation barrel may be jetted to remove sediment accumulated in perforations). Consider drilling additional perforations in the barrel. If slow drainage persists, the system may need to be replaced. 7.0 Conclusion The proposed BMPs (grass buffer, pervious pavers, and rain gardens) are expected to treat 100% of the required WQCV at the 210 S West End project with room to spare. With proper maintenance and installation, these BMPs will meet the criteria outlined in the City of Aspen’s current Urban Runoff Management Plan. 08/10/2021 1 1571 24.0 2 1032 14.8 3 1688 13.4 4 2132 12.4 5 1516 13.5 6 1061 11.1 Basin Area WQCV sqft cuft Graphic Scale In Feet: 1" = 5' 0 3 5 10 Title: Drainage Schematic Re v i s i o n # Dwg No. 21 0 S W e s t E n d S t r e e t As p e n , C o l o r a d o Job No. Drawn by: Date: File: PE:QC: 2020-474 JAK 08.04.2021 RB Sack-Linework-BM RB 11 8 W e s t S i x t h S t r e e t , S u i t e 2 0 0 Gl e n w o o d S p r i n g s , C O 8 1 6 0 1 97 0 . 9 4 5 . 1 0 0 4 w w w . s g m - i n c . c o m Da t e By : App. A -Of : Pe r m i t S e t Pr o j e c t M i l e s t o n e : 08/10/2021 Input Calculation Sub Basin Basin Name Total Area Imp. Area Imperv- iousness Req'd WQCV (depth) Req'd WQCV (vol.)Decid. Area Conif. Area Perv. Paver Area No Inf. Paver Depth No Inf. Paver Void Vol. Grass Buffer Area Rain Garden / Flo-Well Volume Perv. Paver Ratio Grass Buffer Ratio Canopy Credit Grass Buffer Credit Eff. Imp. Area Eff. Imperv- iousnes s Eff. WQCV (depth) Net WQCV (#)(sq. ft.)(sq. ft.)(%)(in)(cu. ft.)(sq. ft.)(sq. ft.)(sq. ft.)(ft)(cu. ft.)(sq. ft.)(cu. ft.)(sq. ft.)(sq. ft.)(sq. ft.)(%)(in)(cu. ft.) 1 NE 1571 1312 84%0.18 24.0 0.0 0.0 113.3 0.5 18.9 0 18 2 1 0.0 0 1312 83.5%0.183 -13.24 2 East 1032 828 80%0.17 14.8 0.0 0.0 187.0 0.5 31.2 0 0 2 1 0.0 0 828 80.2%0.172 -16.39 3 SE 1688 821 49%0.10 13.4 305.0 462.0 154.0 0.5 25.7 0 0 2 1 184.4 0 637 37.7%0.077 -14.83 4 SW 2132 709 33%0.07 12.4 443.0 295.0 134.0 0.5 22.3 0 0 2 1 155.0 0 554 26.0%0.058 -12.03 5 West 1516 829 55%0.11 13.5 0.0 183.0 150.0 0.5 25.0 0 0 2 1 54.9 0 774 51.1%0.100 -12.41 6 NW 1061 676 64%0.13 11.1 0.0 154.0 99.5 0.5 16.6 0 37 2 1 46.2 0 630 59.4%0.116 -43.33 Total 9000 5175 58%0.8 89 748 1094 838 3.0 139.6 0 55.3 440 0.0 4735 56%0.71 -112.2 Legend 08/10/2021 Major Drainage Report Calculations 3 3 3 3 Jordan Kehoe 4 4 4 4 7 7 7 7 Condition Developed Historic 1 - Dev 1 - Hist 2 - Dev 2 - Hist 3 - Dev 3 - Hist 4 - Dev 4 - Hist 5 - Dev 5 - Hist 6 - Dev 6 - Hist Area / ft^2 9000 9000 1571 1571 1032 1032 1688 1688 2132 2132 1516 1516 1061 1061 Aimp / ft^2 5175 180 1312.0 31.4 828.0 20.6 821.0 33.8 709.0 42.6 829.0 30.3 676.0 21.2 Soil Type B B B B B B B B B B B B B B Lo / ft 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 So / ft/ft 0.02 0.06 0.02 0.06 0.02 0.06 0.02 0.06 0.02 0.06 0.02 0.06 0.02 0.06 Lf / ft 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 Sf / ft/ft 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 K 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 L / ft 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 % Imp 57.50%2.00%83.60%2.00%80.30%2.00%48.70%2.00%33.30%2.00%54.70%2.00%63.80%2.00% C5 0.47 0.01 0.71 0.01 0.68 0.01 0.39 0.01 0.26 0.01 0.45 0.01 0.53 0.01 C10 0.52 0.07 0.73 0.07 0.71 0.07 0.45 0.07 0.33 0.07 0.50 0.07 0.57 0.07 C100 0.70 0.44 0.82 0.44 0.80 0.44 0.65 0.44 0.58 0.44 0.68 0.44 0.73 0.44 To /min 4.52 5.44 2.82 5.44 3.04 5.44 5.08 5.44 6.03 5.44 4.70 5.44 4.11 5.44 Vf /ft/sec 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 Tf /min 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 Tc,i /min 5.00 5.73 5.00 5.73 5.00 5.73 5.37 5.73 6.33 5.73 5.00 5.73 5.00 5.73 TR / min 5.00 10.14 5.00 10.14 5.00 10.14 5.00 10.14 5.00 10.14 5.00 10.14 5.00 10.14 Td / min 5.00 10.14 5.00 10.14 5.00 10.14 5.00 10.14 5.00 10.14 5.00 10.14 5.00 10.14 I10 / in/hr 3.96 2.90 3.96 2.90 3.96 2.90 3.96 2.90 3.96 2.90 3.96 2.90 3.96 2.90 I100 / in/hr 6.33 4.64 6.33 4.64 6.33 4.64 6.33 4.64 6.33 4.64 6.33 4.64 6.33 4.64 Q10 / cfs 0.43 0.04 0.10 0.01 0.07 0.01 0.07 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.07 0.01 0.06 0.01 Q100 / cfs 0.91 0.42 0.19 0.07 0.12 0.05 0.16 0.08 0.18 0.10 0.15 0.07 0.11 0.05 Return Period P1 / in/hr 2-yr 0.47 5-yr 0.64 10-r 0.77 25-yr 0.95 50-yr 1.09 100-yr 1.23 IDF for Aspen, CO Site Basins From Table 2.2 of COA URMP (page 2-2), Rainfall Intensity-Duration- Frequency (IDF) in Aspen, CO Wednesday, August 4, 2021 08/10/2021 United States Department of Agriculture A product of the National Cooperative Soil Survey, a joint effort of the United States Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local participants Custom Soil Resource Report for Aspen-Gypsum Area, Colorado, Parts of Eagle, Garfield, and Pitkin Counties Natural Resources Conservation Service February 16, 2021 08/10/2021 Preface Soil surveys contain information that affects land use planning in survey areas. They highlight soil limitations that affect various land uses and provide information about the properties of the soils in the survey areas. Soil surveys are designed for many different users, including farmers, ranchers, foresters, agronomists, urban planners, community officials, engineers, developers, builders, and home buyers. Also, conservationists, teachers, students, and specialists in recreation, waste disposal, and pollution control can use the surveys to help them understand, protect, or enhance the environment. Various land use regulations of Federal, State, and local governments may impose special restrictions on land use or land treatment. Soil surveys identify soil properties that are used in making various land use or land treatment decisions. The information is intended to help the land users identify and reduce the effects of soil limitations on various land uses. The landowner or user is responsible for identifying and complying with existing laws and regulations. Although soil survey information can be used for general farm, local, and wider area planning, onsite investigation is needed to supplement this information in some cases. Examples include soil quality assessments (http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/ portal/nrcs/main/soils/health/) and certain conservation and engineering applications. For more detailed information, contact your local USDA Service Center (https://offices.sc.egov.usda.gov/locator/app?agency=nrcs) or your NRCS State Soil Scientist (http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/contactus/? cid=nrcs142p2_053951). Great differences in soil properties can occur within short distances. Some soils are seasonally wet or subject to flooding. Some are too unstable to be used as a foundation for buildings or roads. Clayey or wet soils are poorly suited to use as septic tank absorption fields. A high water table makes a soil poorly suited to basements or underground installations. The National Cooperative Soil Survey is a joint effort of the United States Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) has leadership for the Federal part of the National Cooperative Soil Survey. Information about soils is updated periodically. Updated information is available through the NRCS Web Soil Survey, the site for official soil survey information. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require 2 08/10/2021 alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. 3 08/10/2021 Contents Preface....................................................................................................................2 How Soil Surveys Are Made..................................................................................5 Soil Map..................................................................................................................8 Soil Map................................................................................................................9 Legend................................................................................................................10 Map Unit Legend................................................................................................11 Map Unit Descriptions.........................................................................................11 Aspen-Gypsum Area, Colorado, Parts of Eagle, Garfield, and Pitkin Counties...................................................................................................13 107—Uracca, moist-Mergel complex, 1 to 6 percent slopes, extremely s..13 References............................................................................................................15 4 08/10/2021 How Soil Surveys Are Made Soil surveys are made to provide information about the soils and miscellaneous areas in a specific area. They include a description of the soils and miscellaneous areas and their location on the landscape and tables that show soil properties and limitations affecting various uses. Soil scientists observed the steepness, length, and shape of the slopes; the general pattern of drainage; the kinds of crops and native plants; and the kinds of bedrock. They observed and described many soil profiles. A soil profile is the sequence of natural layers, or horizons, in a soil. The profile extends from the surface down into the unconsolidated material in which the soil formed or from the surface down to bedrock. The unconsolidated material is devoid of roots and other living organisms and has not been changed by other biological activity. Currently, soils are mapped according to the boundaries of major land resource areas (MLRAs). MLRAs are geographically associated land resource units that share common characteristics related to physiography, geology, climate, water resources, soils, biological resources, and land uses (USDA, 2006). Soil survey areas typically consist of parts of one or more MLRA. The soils and miscellaneous areas in a survey area occur in an orderly pattern that is related to the geology, landforms, relief, climate, and natural vegetation of the area. Each kind of soil and miscellaneous area is associated with a particular kind of landform or with a segment of the landform. By observing the soils and miscellaneous areas in the survey area and relating their position to specific segments of the landform, a soil scientist develops a concept, or model, of how they were formed. Thus, during mapping, this model enables the soil scientist to predict with a considerable degree of accuracy the kind of soil or miscellaneous area at a specific location on the landscape. Commonly, individual soils on the landscape merge into one another as their characteristics gradually change. To construct an accurate soil map, however, soil scientists must determine the boundaries between the soils. They can observe only a limited number of soil profiles. Nevertheless, these observations, supplemented by an understanding of the soil-vegetation-landscape relationship, are sufficient to verify predictions of the kinds of soil in an area and to determine the boundaries. Soil scientists recorded the characteristics of the soil profiles that they studied. They noted soil color, texture, size and shape of soil aggregates, kind and amount of rock fragments, distribution of plant roots, reaction, and other features that enable them to identify soils. After describing the soils in the survey area and determining their properties, the soil scientists assigned the soils to taxonomic classes (units). Taxonomic classes are concepts. Each taxonomic class has a set of soil characteristics with precisely defined limits. The classes are used as a basis for comparison to classify soils systematically. Soil taxonomy, the system of taxonomic classification used in the United States, is based mainly on the kind and character of soil properties and the arrangement of horizons within the profile. After the soil 5 08/10/2021 scientists classified and named the soils in the survey area, they compared the individual soils with similar soils in the same taxonomic class in other areas so that they could confirm data and assemble additional data based on experience and research. The objective of soil mapping is not to delineate pure map unit components; the objective is to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. Each map unit is defined by a unique combination of soil components and/or miscellaneous areas in predictable proportions. Some components may be highly contrasting to the other components of the map unit. The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The delineation of such landforms and landform segments on the map provides sufficient information for the development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas. Soil scientists make many field observations in the process of producing a soil map. The frequency of observation is dependent upon several factors, including scale of mapping, intensity of mapping, design of map units, complexity of the landscape, and experience of the soil scientist. Observations are made to test and refine the soil-landscape model and predictions and to verify the classification of the soils at specific locations. Once the soil-landscape model is refined, a significantly smaller number of measurements of individual soil properties are made and recorded. These measurements may include field measurements, such as those for color, depth to bedrock, and texture, and laboratory measurements, such as those for content of sand, silt, clay, salt, and other components. Properties of each soil typically vary from one point to another across the landscape. Observations for map unit components are aggregated to develop ranges of characteristics for the components. The aggregated values are presented. Direct measurements do not exist for every property presented for every map unit component. Values for some properties are estimated from combinations of other properties. While a soil survey is in progress, samples of some of the soils in the area generally are collected for laboratory analyses and for engineering tests. Soil scientists interpret the data from these analyses and tests as well as the field-observed characteristics and the soil properties to determine the expected behavior of the soils under different uses. Interpretations for all of the soils are field tested through observation of the soils in different uses and under different levels of management. Some interpretations are modified to fit local conditions, and some new interpretations are developed to meet local needs. Data are assembled from other sources, such as research information, production records, and field experience of specialists. For example, data on crop yields under defined levels of management are assembled from farm records and from field or plot experiments on the same kinds of soil. Predictions about soil behavior are based not only on soil properties but also on such variables as climate and biological activity. Soil conditions are predictable over long periods of time, but they are not predictable from year to year. For example, soil scientists can predict with a fairly high degree of accuracy that a given soil will have a high water table within certain depths in most years, but they cannot predict that a high water table will always be at a specific level in the soil on a specific date. After soil scientists located and identified the significant natural bodies of soil in the survey area, they drew the boundaries of these bodies on aerial photographs and Custom Soil Resource Report 6 08/10/2021 identified each as a specific map unit. Aerial photographs show trees, buildings, fields, roads, and rivers, all of which help in locating boundaries accurately. Custom Soil Resource Report 7 08/10/2021 Soil Map The soil map section includes the soil map for the defined area of interest, a list of soil map units on the map and extent of each map unit, and cartographic symbols displayed on the map. Also presented are various metadata about data used to produce the map, and a description of each soil map unit. 8 08/10/2021 9 Custom Soil Resource Report Soil Map 43 3 9 1 7 7 43 3 9 1 8 5 43 3 9 1 9 3 43 3 9 2 0 1 43 3 9 2 0 9 43 3 9 2 1 7 43 3 9 2 2 5 43 3 9 2 3 3 43 3 9 2 4 1 43 3 9 1 7 7 43 3 9 1 8 5 43 3 9 1 9 3 43 3 9 2 0 1 43 3 9 2 0 9 43 3 9 2 1 7 43 3 9 2 2 5 43 3 9 2 3 3 343348 343356 343364 343372 343380 343388 343396 343348 343356 343364 343372 343380 343388 39° 11' 17'' N 10 6 ° 4 8 ' 4 9 ' ' W 39° 11' 17'' N 10 6 ° 4 8 ' 4 7 ' ' W 39° 11' 15'' N 10 6 ° 4 8 ' 4 9 ' ' W 39° 11' 15'' N 10 6 ° 4 8 ' 4 7 ' ' W N Map projection: Web Mercator Corner coordinates: WGS84 Edge tics: UTM Zone 13N WGS84 0 15 30 60 90 Feet 0 4 9 18 27 Meters Map Scale: 1:318 if printed on A portrait (8.5" x 11") sheet. Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. 08/10/2021 MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION Area of Interest (AOI) Area of Interest (AOI) Soils Soil Map Unit Polygons Soil Map Unit Lines Soil Map Unit Points Special Point Features Blowout Borrow Pit Clay Spot Closed Depression Gravel Pit Gravelly Spot Landfill Lava Flow Marsh or swamp Mine or Quarry Miscellaneous Water Perennial Water Rock Outcrop Saline Spot Sandy Spot Severely Eroded Spot Sinkhole Slide or Slip Sodic Spot Spoil Area Stony Spot Very Stony Spot Wet Spot Other Special Line Features Water Features Streams and Canals Transportation Rails Interstate Highways US Routes Major Roads Local Roads Background Aerial Photography The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL: Coordinate System: Web Mercator (EPSG:3857) Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator projection, which preserves direction and shape but distorts distance and area. A projection that preserves area, such as the Albers equal-area conic projection, should be used if more accurate calculations of distance or area are required. This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Soil Survey Area: Aspen-Gypsum Area, Colorado, Parts of Eagle, Garfield, and Pitkin Counties Survey Area Data: Version 11, Jun 5, 2020 Soil map units are labeled (as space allows) for map scales 1:50,000 or larger. Date(s) aerial images were photographed: Data not available. The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. Custom Soil Resource Report 10 08/10/2021 Map Unit Legend Map Unit Symbol Map Unit Name Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 107 Uracca, moist-Mergel complex, 1 to 6 percent slopes, extremely s 0.3 100.0% Totals for Area of Interest 0.3 100.0% Map Unit Descriptions The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps in a soil survey represent the soils or miscellaneous areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions, along with the maps, can be used to determine the composition and properties of a unit. A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an area dominated by one or more major kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and named according to the taxonomic classification of the dominant soils. Within a taxonomic class there are precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils. On the landscape, however, the soils are natural phenomena, and they have the characteristic variability of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of some observed properties may extend beyond the limits defined for a taxonomic class. Areas of soils of a single taxonomic class rarely, if ever, can be mapped without including areas of other taxonomic classes. Consequently, every map unit is made up of the soils or miscellaneous areas for which it is named and some minor components that belong to taxonomic classes other than those of the major soils. Most minor soils have properties similar to those of the dominant soil or soils in the map unit, and thus they do not affect use and management. These are called noncontrasting, or similar, components. They may or may not be mentioned in a particular map unit description. Other minor components, however, have properties and behavioral characteristics divergent enough to affect use or to require different management. These are called contrasting, or dissimilar, components. They generally are in small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the scale used. Some small areas of strongly contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas are identified by a special symbol on the maps. If included in the database for a given area, the contrasting minor components are identified in the map unit descriptions along with some characteristics of each. A few areas of minor components may not have been observed, and consequently they are not mentioned in the descriptions, especially where the pattern was so complex that it was impractical to make enough observations to identify all the soils and miscellaneous areas on the landscape. The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate pure taxonomic classes but rather to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. The delineation of such segments on the map provides sufficient information for the development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, however, Custom Soil Resource Report 11 08/10/2021 onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas. An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions. Each description includes general facts about the unit and gives important soil properties and qualities. Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. Except for differences in texture of the surface layer, all the soils of a series have major horizons that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement. Soils of one series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, stoniness, salinity, degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use. On the basis of such differences, a soil series is divided into soil phases. Most of the areas shown on the detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The name of a soil phase commonly indicates a feature that affects use or management. For example, Alpha silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is a phase of the Alpha series. Some map units are made up of two or more major soils or miscellaneous areas. These map units are complexes, associations, or undifferentiated groups. A complex consists of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate pattern or in such small areas that they cannot be shown separately on the maps. The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar in all areas. Alpha-Beta complex, 0 to 6 percent slopes, is an example. An association is made up of two or more geographically associated soils or miscellaneous areas that are shown as one unit on the maps. Because of present or anticipated uses of the map units in the survey area, it was not considered practical or necessary to map the soils or miscellaneous areas separately. The pattern and relative proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar. Alpha-Beta association, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example. An undifferentiated group is made up of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas that could be mapped individually but are mapped as one unit because similar interpretations can be made for use and management. The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas in a mapped area are not uniform. An area can be made up of only one of the major soils or miscellaneous areas, or it can be made up of all of them. Alpha and Beta soils, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example. Some surveys include miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil material and support little or no vegetation. Rock outcrop is an example. Custom Soil Resource Report 12 08/10/2021 Aspen-Gypsum Area, Colorado, Parts of Eagle, Garfield, and Pitkin Counties 107—Uracca, moist-Mergel complex, 1 to 6 percent slopes, extremely s Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: jq4g Elevation: 6,800 to 8,400 feet Mean annual precipitation: 16 to 19 inches Mean annual air temperature: 40 to 43 degrees F Frost-free period: 75 to 95 days Farmland classification: Not prime farmland Map Unit Composition Uracca, moist, and similar soils:50 percent Mergel and similar soils:40 percent Minor components:10 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. Description of Uracca, Moist Setting Landform:Structural benches, valley sides, alluvial fans Down-slope shape:Linear Across-slope shape:Linear Parent material:Mixed alluvium derived from igneous and metamorphic rock Typical profile H1 - 0 to 8 inches: cobbly sandy loam H2 - 8 to 15 inches: very cobbly sandy clay loam H3 - 15 to 60 inches: extremely cobbly loamy sand Properties and qualities Slope:1 to 6 percent Depth to restrictive feature:More than 80 inches Drainage class:Well drained Runoff class: Low Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat):Moderately high to high (0.20 to 2.00 in/hr) Depth to water table:More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding:None Frequency of ponding:None Calcium carbonate, maximum content:10 percent Available water capacity:Very low (about 2.6 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): 6s Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 6s Hydrologic Soil Group: B Ecological site: R048AY237CO - Stony Loam Other vegetative classification: Stony Loam (null_82) Hydric soil rating: No Custom Soil Resource Report 13 08/10/2021 Description of Mergel Setting Landform:Valley sides, alluvial fans, structural benches Down-slope shape:Linear Across-slope shape:Linear Parent material:Glacial outwash Typical profile H1 - 0 to 8 inches: cobbly loam H2 - 8 to 20 inches: very cobbly sandy loam H3 - 20 to 60 inches: extremely stony sandy loam Properties and qualities Slope:1 to 6 percent Depth to restrictive feature:More than 80 inches Drainage class:Well drained Runoff class: Very low Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat):Moderately high to high (0.60 to 6.00 in/hr) Depth to water table:More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding:None Frequency of ponding:None Calcium carbonate, maximum content:10 percent Available water capacity:Low (about 3.3 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): 4s Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 4s Hydrologic Soil Group: A Ecological site: R048AY237CO - Stony Loam Other vegetative classification: Stony Loam (null_82) Hydric soil rating: No Minor Components Other soils Percent of map unit:10 percent Hydric soil rating: No Custom Soil Resource Report 14 08/10/2021 References American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). 2004. Standard specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling and testing. 24th edition. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2005. Standard classification of soils for engineering purposes. ASTM Standard D2487-00. Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of wetlands and deep-water habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FWS/OBS-79/31. Federal Register. July 13, 1994. Changes in hydric soils of the United States. Federal Register. September 18, 2002. Hydric soils of the United States. Hurt, G.W., and L.M. Vasilas, editors. Version 6.0, 2006. Field indicators of hydric soils in the United States. National Research Council. 1995. Wetlands: Characteristics and boundaries. Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil survey manual. Soil Conservation Service. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 18. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/ nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_054262 Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for making and interpreting soil surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources Conservation Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 436. http:// www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_053577 Soil Survey Staff. 2010. Keys to soil taxonomy. 11th edition. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. http:// www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_053580 Tiner, R.W., Jr. 1985. Wetlands of Delaware. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, Wetlands Section. United States Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of Engineers wetlands delineation manual. Waterways Experiment Station Technical Report Y-87-1. United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. National forestry manual. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/ home/?cid=nrcs142p2_053374 United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. National range and pasture handbook. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/ detail/national/landuse/rangepasture/?cid=stelprdb1043084 15 08/10/2021 United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. National soil survey handbook, title 430-VI. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/ nrcs/detail/soils/scientists/?cid=nrcs142p2_054242 United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2006. Land resource regions and major land resource areas of the United States, the Caribbean, and the Pacific Basin. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 296. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/? cid=nrcs142p2_053624 United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1961. Land capability classification. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 210. http:// www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/nrcs142p2_052290.pdf Custom Soil Resource Report 16 08/10/2021