HomeMy WebLinkAboutFile Documents.215 N Garmisch St.0019-2023-BREP Brick Masonry Repair and Replacement
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SECTION 04 01 21
BRICK MASONRY REPAIR AND REPLACEMENT
PART 1 GENERAL
1.1 SUMMARY
A. Section Includes: Brick masonry replacement at wall repair locations and of deteriorated and
damaged units, and repointing, including repair mortar.
1.2 REFERENCES
A. Definitions:
1. Existing mortar: Mortar currently in joint, including original setting mortar and pointing
mortar, and subsequent repair mortar.
2. Half-moon: Concave configuration of mortar resulting from removal of mortar by grinding
only middle portion of joint.
3. Rake out mortar joint: Removal of hardened mortar from joint.
4. Repointing: Process of raking out mortar joint to specified depth and placing fresh mortar;
also called tuckpointing.
5. Thumbprint hard: Mortar that has reached initial set. Time required to achieve initial set
varies based on masonry characteristics,weather conditions,and mortar composition.
6. Low-pressure water spray: 100 to 400 pounds per square inch; 4 to 6 gallons per minute.
7. Very-low-pressure water spray: less than 100 pounds per square inch.
B. Reference Standards: Latest edition as of Specification date.
1. ASTM International:
a. C67: Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile.
b. C 144: Standard Specification for Aggregate for Masonry Mortar.
c. C150/C150M: Standard Specification for Portland Cement.
d. C207: Standard Specification for Hydrated Lime for Masonry Purposes.
e. C216: Standard Specification for Facing Brick(Solid Masonry Units Made from Clay
or Shale).
f. C270: Standard Specification for Mortar for Unit Masonry.
2. International Building Code(IBC).
3. The Masonry Society (TMS)/American Concrete Institute (ACI)/Structural Engineering
Institute of American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE):
a. TMS 402/ACI 530/ASCE 5: Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures.
b. TMS 602/ACI 530.1/ASCE 6: Specification for Masonry Structures.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
A. Product Data: Manufacturer's product description and technical data:
1. Brick masonry units: Include description of allowable cleaning products.
2. Joint reinforcement.
3. Weep vents.
4. Color admixtures for Mortar: Product name and type, and name of manufacturer
5. Dry,preblended mortar mix: Types and proportions of ingredients.
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6. Include Safety Data Sheets(SDS)for information only.
7. Cleaning solution: Include written instructions for evaluating and preparing substrate;
technical data including solution components and VOC content of components; and
application instructions.
B. Contractor Qualifications:Evidence that Contractor's existing company has minimum five years
of continuous experience in similar repair work.
1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE
A. Contractor Qualifications: Experienced firm that has successful completed repair work similar
in material, design, and extent to that indicated for the Project. Must have successful
construction with specified materials in local area in use for minimum of five years.
1. Employ foreperson with minimum five years of experience as foreperson on similar
projects,who is fluent in English,to be on Site at all times during the Work.
2. Employ masons with minimum two years of experience in similar repair work. Fully
supervise apprentices with experienced masons.
B. Mockups: Construct mockups to demonstrate construction procedures, quality of Work, and
aesthetic effects.
1. Construct wall repair in at least 1 mock-up approximately 36 inches high by 48 inches
widefor each type of repair specified.
2. Construct mockups on existing walls,at locations designated by Architect/Engineer and in
presence of Architect/Engineer, under same weather conditions expected during Work.
Provide access to mockup locations.
3. If Architect/Engineer or Owner's Representative determines mockup does not comply with
requirements,modify mockup or construct new mockup until mockup is approved.
4. Approved mockups shall be maintained in undisturbed condition throughout Project as
basis for acceptance of completed Work and may become part of completed Work if
undisturbed at time of Substantial Completion.
5. 7. If Owner's Representative and Architect/Engineer determine mockup does not comply
with requirements,modify mockup or construct new mockup until mockup is approved.
1.5 PROJECT CONDITIONS
A. Verify existing dimensions and details prior to start of repair Work. Notify Architect/Engineer
of conditions found to be different than those indicated in the Contract Documents.
Architect/Engineer will review situation and inform Contractor how to proceed.
B. Comply with Owner's limitations and restrictions for Site use and accessibility.
C. Environmental Limitations: Install repairs only when air temperature is between 40 degrees F
and 90 degrees F and is forecast to remain so for at least seven days after completion of Work,
unless precautions acceptable to Architect/Engineer are taken.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 GENERAL
A. Source Limitations: Obtain each type of material from one source with resources to provide
materials of consistent quality in appearance and physical properties.
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B. For units that will be exposed in completed Work, use units with uniform texture and color,
within accepted ranges for these characteristics.
C. Defective Units: Referenced brick masonry unit standards may allow a certain percentage of
units to exceed tolerances and to contain chips, cracks, or other defects exceeding the limits
stated in the standards. Do not use units where such defects, including dimensions that vary
from specified dimensions by more than stated tolerances, will be exposed in the completed
Work or will impair the quality of the completed brick masonry.
2.2 BRICK MASONRY UNITS
A. Face Brick: Utilize existing brick on site and/or attic stock
2.3 MORTAR MATERIALS
A. Cementitious Materials:
1. Portland Cement:ASTM C 150/C 150M,Type I or II,except Type III may be used for cold-
weather construction. Provide natural color or white cement as required to produce mortar
color indicated.
2. Hydrated Lime: ASTM C207, Type S.
3. Do not use masonry cement.
B. Aggregate:
1. Mortar: ASTM C 144: washed aggregate consisting of natural sand or crushed stone.
2. Aggregate shall contain no more than 50 parts per million of chloride ions and shall be free
of organic contaminants.
C. Water: Clean and potable; free from deleterious amounts of acids, alkalis, or organic materials.
D. Admixtures: Do not use admixtures without written approval, unless otherwise specified,
including:
1. Calcium chloride or admixtures containing calcium chloride.
2. Air-entraining admixtures or material containing air-entraining admixtures.
3. Antifreeze compounds.
E. Mortar Pigment: Natural and synthetic iron oxides and chromium oxides, compounded for use
in mortar mixes.Use only pigments with record of satisfactory performance in masonry mortar.
1. Use one of the following or approved equal:
a. Bayferrox iron oxide pigments by Lanxess Corporation.
b. True Tone Sweet 16 Mortar Colors by Davis Colors,Inc.
c. SGS Mortar Colors by Solomon Colors,Inc.
2.4 MORTAR MIX
A. Mortar(Type N): ASTM C270;proportioned by volume as follows:
1. Portland Cement: one part.
2. Hydrated Lime: Over 1/2 to 1 1/4 parts.
3. Aggregate: Not less than 2 1/4 and not more than three times sum of volumes of portland
cement and hydrated lime.
4. Water: Maximum amount consistent with optimum workability.
5. Color: Match color of mortar to existing adjacent mortar joints,unless specified otherwise.
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B. Dry, Preblended Mortar Mix: Furnish dry mortar ingredients in preblended mix. Measure
quantities by weight to ensure accurate proportions and thoroughly blend ingredients before
delivering to Site.
2.5 JOINT REINFORCEMENT AND VENEER ANCHORS
A. Joint Reinforcement:
1. Hohmann&Barnard Company.
B. Veneer Anchors: Hot-dip galvanized steel; sized for cavity and collar joint conditions.Use one
of the following or approved equal:
1. Pos-I-Tie Brick Veneer Anchoring System by Heckmann Building Products, Inc.
2. 2-Seal Concrete Ties by Hohmann&Barnard Company.
2.6 AUXILIARY MATERIALS
A. Weep Vents: Match height, depth, and thickness of head joints. Use 343 Weep Holes, 343W-
Wilco Weep Holes,or QV-Quadro-Vents,all by Hohmann&Barnard,Inc.,or approved equal.
B. Cleaning Materials:
1. Cleaning Solutions:
a. As recommended by the masonry unit manufacturer.
1) Do not use products containing hydrochloric (muriatic) acid, hydrofluoric acid,
or ammonium bifluoride.
b. For removing localized ferrous staining: Use oxalic acid or phosphoric acid;mix one
part acid with ten parts water by volume.Higher concentrations may be used for local
application.
2. Clean,potable water.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION
A. Examine substrates and conditions for compliance with requirements and other conditions
affecting installation or performance of repair Work.
1. Ensure that work done by other trades is complete and ready for repair Work.
2. Verify that areas and conditions under which repair Work is to be performed permit proper
and timely completion of Work.
3. Notify Architect/Engineer in writing of conditions which may adversely affect installation
or performance of repair Work and recommend corrections.
4. Do not proceed with repair Work until adverse conditions have been corrected and
reviewed by Architect/Engineer.
5. Commencing repair Work constitutes acceptance of Work surfaces and conditions.
B. Remove and discard brick units that are chipped,broken,stained,or otherwise damaged beyond
specified tolerances, or that do not match submitted sample.
1. Intact units not meeting approved color range can be used in concealed areas if approved
in writing by Architect/Engineer.
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3.2 PROTECTION
A. Take precautions to ensure safety of people(including building users,passers-by,and workers)
and protection of property (including adjacent building elements, landscaping, and motor
vehicles).
B. Immediately remove mortar in contact with exposed brick masonry and other surfaces.
3.3 SITE MIXING OF MORTAR
A. Develop batching and mixing operations so that quality control is assured.
B. Maintain accurate mix proportions. Batch materials by volume with containers of known
volume. Do not measure materials by shovel.
1. Incorporate admixtures into mix in manner recommended by manufacturer and approved
by Architect/Engineer. Measure with accuracy of +/-3 percent. Add each admixture
separately.
C. Combine and mix materials to uniform consistency.
1. Mix mortar for three to five minutes after materials are combined.
3.4 REPOINTING MORTAR MIXING
A. Pre-hydrate mortar:
1. Thoroughly mix ingredients except water.
2. Continue mixing, adding only enough water to produce damp unworkable mix which will
retain its form when pressed into ball.
3. Maintain mortar in dampened condition for 1 to 1 1/2 hours.
B. Add sufficient water to bring mortar to proper consistency; that is, somewhat drier than
conventional masonry mortar.
3.5 LIMITATIONS
A. Mortar, including repointing mortar:
1. If mortar begins to stiffen, it may be retempered.
2. Discard mortar not placed within 2 1/2 hours after initial mixing.
3.6 BRICK REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT
A. Remove bricks that are cracked, spalled, displaced, or deteriorated.
1. Prior to beginning Work, notify Architect/Engineer and Owner's Representative of
locations of damaged or deteriorated brick that are not indicated for repair in the Contract
Documents.
B. Remove entire units and mortar from joint to joint, without damaging surrounding brick
masonry, in manner that permits replacement with full-size units. Remove and replace sound
bricks that are damaged during Work at no cost to Owner.
C. Carefully remove whole brick units without damaging, for reuse.
1. Remove mortar, loose particles, and soil from brick with hand chisels,brushes, and water.
2. Store brick for reuse.
3. Deliver cleaned brick not required for reuse to Owner,unless otherwise directed.
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D. Support and protect brick masonry and other construction in and around removal areas.
1. For removal areas larger than 3 feet by 3 feet,support brick masonry above with temporary
bracing.
2. Maintain flashings, reinforcement, lintels, and adjoining construction in undamaged
condition.
E. Notify Architect/Engineer of detrimental conditions including voids, cracks, bulges,
displacements, and loose units in masonry backup, rotted wood, corroded metal, and other
deteriorated conditions.
F. Cover openings and partially completed Work with strong waterproof material at the end of the
day,if precipitation is imminent,or when Work is not in progress.Extend material at least 2 feet
beyond edges of opening and secure in place.
G. Clean brick masonry surrounding removal areas by removing mortar, dust,and loose particles.
H. Brick Installation:
1. Install brick to match existing bonding and coursing pattern.
2. If cutting is required, use motor-driven saw designed to cut brick masonry with clean,
sharp,unchipped edges.
3. Lay replacement brick as plumb and true to line as adjacent surfaces will permit; new
brickwork shall be flush with existing.
4. Lay replacement brick with completely filled bed, head, and collar joints. Do not furrow
bed joints. Butter ends with sufficient mortar to fill head joints, and shove into place.
5. Maintain joint width to match existing joints.
a. When mortar is thumbprint hard,tool exposed mortar joints in repair areas with round
jointer slightly larger than width of joint.Tool joints to match adjacent existing joints.
b. Rake out mortar used for laying brick before mortar sets. Repoint joints in repair area
with repointing of surrounding wall area.
6. Do not pound corners and jambs to fit stretcher units after they are set in position. Where
adjustment must be made after brick has been placed,remove and replace mortar.
7. Install mortar at top and ends of repair by packing layers of mortar into joints with tuck
pointer's tool.
8. Install weep vents 24 inches maximum on center,in head joints in first course immediately
above flashing. Keep weep vents free of mortar droppings.
9. If brick placement is stopped while in progress, either at the end of the day or for some
other reason,stop horizontal runs by raking back mortar in each course one half unit length;
do not terminate in vertical tooth pattern.
I. Hot- and Cold-Weather Requirements: When ambient air temperature is below 40 degrees F,
exceeds 100 degrees F, or exceeds 90 degrees F with wind velocity greater than 8 miles per
hour, suspend Work or comply with requirements of TMS 602/ACI 530.1/ASCE 6 and
governing codes.
3.7 REPOINTING MORTAR JOINTS
A. Rake out and repoint mortar joints in areas discussed on site.
1. Do not rake out and repoint joints where not required.
B. Rake out joints:
1. Remove mortar to provide reveals with square backs and to expose clean masonry surfaces.
Do not leave half moons.
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2. Do not spall edges of masonry units or widen joints. Replace damaged masonry units as
directed by Architect/Engineer.
3. Do not use power tools without Architect/Engineer's written approval.
a. Demonstrate ability of operators to use tools without damaging masonry.
b. Submit quality control program with provisions for supervising performance and
preventing damage due to worker fatigue.
c. Width of power tool blade should not exceed 1/3 the width of the joints."
4. Cut out center of mortar bed joints using angle grinders with diamond-impregnated metal
blades.Remove remaining mortar by hand with chisel and mallet. Strictly adhere to written
quality control program. Quality control program shall include provisions for
demonstrating ability of operators to use tools without damaging masonry, supervising
performance, and preventing damage due to worker fatigue.
a. Width of power tool blade should not exceed 1/3 the width of the joints.
b. Square off rounded backs created by grinders.
5. Remove sealant from joints.
6. Brush,vacuum, or flush joints with water to remove dirt and loose debris.
C. Notify Architect/Engineer of unforeseen detrimental conditions including voids in mortar joints,
cracks, loose units,rotted wood,rusted metal,and other deteriorated items.
D. Cover wall in ground-out areas that have not yet been fully repointed when Work is not in
progress.
1. Extend cover 24 inches minimum beyond ground-out area.
2. Hold cover securely in place.
E. Masonry units adjacent to repair areas that are damaged during Work shall be removed and
replaced at Contractor's expense and to acceptance of Architect/Engineer and Owner's
Representative.
F. Repoint joints:
1. Blow loose mortar and dust out prepared joints with compressed air.
2. Rinse joint surfaces with very-low-pressure water spray to remove residual dust and mortar
particles. Time rinsing so joint surfaces are damp but free of standing water at time of
repointing. If joint surfaces dry, dampen before repointing.
3. Place mortar in areas with greater removal depths than surrounding areas, until uniform
depth is achieved.
a. Place in layers not greater than 3/8 inch.
b. Fully compact each layer and allow to become thumbprint hard before applying next
layer.
4. After deeper removal areas have been filled,place mortar in joints.
a. Place in layers not greater than 3/8 inch.
b. Fully compact each layer and allow to become thumbprint hard before applying next
layer.
c. Where existing masonry has worn or rounded edges, slightly recess finished mortar
surface from face of masonry to avoid wider joints.
d. Take care not to spread mortar onto exposed masonry surfaces or to featheredge
mortar.
5. When mortar is thumbprint hard,tool joints to match original appearance of joints.Remove
excess mortar from edges of joints by brushing.
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G. Cure mortar by maintaining in damp condition for at least 72 hours, including weekends and
holidays.
1. Acceptable curing methods include covering with wet burlap and plastic sheeting;periodic
hand misting; or periodic mist spraying using a system of pipes,mist heads, and timers.
2. Adjust curing method to ensure that repointing mortar is damp throughout its depth without
eroding surface mortar.
3.8 CLEANING
A. Clean repair areas 24 to 48 hours after completion of Work.
1. Cleaning Equipment:
a. For acidic cleaners, use soft, nylon-bristle brush or roller. For neutral or alkaline
cleaners,use soft,natural-bristle brush or roller.
b. Pressure rinsing equipment that can provide controlled application of heated water.
1) Allowable pressure: 400 to 600 pounds per square inch, or as approved by
mockups.
2) Water flow rate: 4 to 8 gallons per minute.
3) Water may be heated to 120 degrees F to assist in cleaning.
4) Use stainless steel nozzle with 15-to-40-degree fan spray.
5) Equipment shall have no ferrous parts.
2. Remove large particles of mortar from exposed brick masonry surfaces with wood paddles
or scrapers. Do not use metal scrapers or brushes unless approved by Architect/Engineer.
3. Clean surfaces with products as recommended by the masonry unit manufacturer.
4. Remove rust stains.
B. Wash adjacent woodwork and other non-masonry surfaces. Use detergent and soft brushes or
cloths.
C. Clean masonry debris from roofs,gutters,and downspouts;rinse off roof; and flush gutters and
downspouts.
D. After completing cleaning Work:
1. Clean spillage and soiling from adjacent surfaces using cleaning agents and procedures
recommended by manufacturer of affected surface. Exercise care to avoid scratching or
damage to surfaces.
2. Sweep and rake adjacent pavement, landscaping, and grounds to remove masonry debris.
Where necessary,pressure wash surfaces to remove mortar, dust,dirt, and stains.
3. Return building surfaces to condition prior to cleaning Work, including painted and glass
surfaces,to satisfaction of Architect/Engineer at no additional cost to Owner.
4. Repair at no cost to Owner all items damaged during the Work.
5. Remove debris and surplus materials from Site.
END OF SECTION
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