HomeMy WebLinkAboutCommercial Design_Mountain Base AreaCity of Aspen
Commercial, Lodging and Historic District
Design Objectives and Guidelines
page 65
Mountain Base Character AreaEncompassing portions of the Lodge Zone DistrictDesign Objectives and Guidelines
Location
The Mountain Base Character Area consists of the
majority of the extensively developed Lodge Zone
District, and is isolated between the commercial
center and the base of the mountain. It is roughly
bounded by Dean Street to the south. (See the
Character Area Map in the appendix.)
Existing Character
The Mountain Base, originally the site of early
mining operations, was the basis of much of the
early wealth of the city. It has since become the
concentrated focus of lodge development for the
ski resort economy.
The majority of the Lodge Zone District at the base of Aspen Mountain is included in Character Area 3.
Street Pattern
The steeply rising terrain and its edge-of-city
location produced a street network which departs
from the grid. Although elements of the street
pattern are initially evident, this is replaced first
by an extended rectilinear form, and then by a
more 'organic', curvilinear pattern. Block sizes
also increase before the pattern is no longer
evident approaching the base of the mountain.
Building Character
The drama of the terrain and a more natural
open landscape introduce both constraint and
opportunity in the form and design of future
development.
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Mountain Base Character Area City of Aspen
page 66 Commercial, Lodging and Historic District
Design Objectives and Guidelines
The Mountain Base Area includes the greatest
concentration of the most intensively developed
sites within the city, with some buildings rising
to four stories.
The steep topography creates the opportunity
for visual presence but, concomitantly, increases
the challenge of reducing the apparent scale of
a building. Building scale is much greater than
elsewhere, but is also extremely varied, with
smaller and often older development within
close proximity to more recent and much more
extensive hotel buildings. The relationship
between building and street is adversely affected
where the lodge is excavated into the slope and
set back and below the adjacent street level.
Building setbacks are generally well landscaped
and help to soften site edges and integrate some
of the area with its natural setting. Building
materials cover a wide spectrum, from brickwork
and natural stonework through other masonry to
increasing use of woodwork.
Outdoor Spaces
Several developments have private open spaces,
which are set internal to the site. This sometimes
increases the bulk of the building and removes
open space from the semi-public realm. In
addition to largely private and semi private spaces
in this area, there are limited points of access to
the open lands at the base of the mountain and
to mountain trails.
Visual and physical access is important in maintaining views and
circulation.
Vary the roof profile in a mountain setting.
Mountain Base Character AreaCity of Aspen
Commercial, Lodging and Historic District
Design Objectives and Guidelines
page 67
Design Objectives
These are key design objectives for the Mountain
Base area. The City must find that any new work
will help to meet them:
1. Provide a pedestrian-friendly street edge.
Detached sidewalks with street landscaping are
characteristic and should be encouraged. Where
development abuts a street it should address the
street, provide architectural interest and convey a
human scale. The intent is to provide compatible
transitions to the natural edges of these areas
while creating pedestrian-friendly walkways
along the more urban streets.
2. Provide a sense of human scale.
New development should establish a close
relationship with the street frontage. Buildings
should be articulated to reduce the apparent scale
of larger development. This should be the case for
all street façades and also for the buildings profile
as viewed against the mountain side.
3. Encourage pedestrian serving uses at the
street level.
Cafes, bars and other pedestrian and public
serving uses should be located at the street level
to help encourage pedestrian activity and animate
the area.
4. Reflect the natural topography.
This area is one where topography and a more
natural setting increasingly influence the form
and location of development. It is important that
new development step in height in accordance
with the natural topography. Within this area a
building should also respect natural contours and
scenic vistas.
5. Provide an interconnected pedestrian
circulation system.
New development should make provision for
access through and between sites. This ensures
an adequate balance between public and private
realm as to avoid excessive privatization.
Additional public access to mountain side and
public trails should be provided. Visual access
through and between sites is a priority to maintain
direct visual and physical connection with the
setting.
6. Maintain views to the mountain and other
natural features.
The area will continue to experience pressure
for increased and enhanced hotel and lodging
accommodation space and facilities. As this
occurs, views through properties should be
provided.
Mountain Base Character Area City of Aspen
page 68 Commercial, Lodging and Historic District
Design Objectives and Guidelines
A varied network of streets and pedestrian passageways is a feature
of the Mountain Base Area.
Street & Alley Systems
The street pattern is essential 'infrastructure' to
the creation and maintenance of the character of
Aspen. The circulation pattern provided by the
network of streets, alleys and courts should be
retained for maximum public access. It should
not be enclosed by gating and it should not be
spanned by development above to maintain
public access and allow maximum sun and light
penetration. Wherever possible, pedestrian
access should be enhanced. The creation of
additional public walkways, trails and open
spaces enhances the attraction, permeability,
intricacy and interest of the area. Pedestrian ways
should be interconnected within the Mountain
Base Area to the extent feasible.
4.1 Provide pedestrian ways through a property
that will connect to public sidewalks and
trails.
• The design and layout of a building on a
large site should accommodate additional
pedestrian circulation links, including
walkways to other parts of the street
network and to open lands and the public
trail system.
Figure Ground
Draft 2
February, 2007Not To Scale
STREET/ALLEY
EXISTING BUILDING
HISTORIC BUILDING
EXISTING PASSAGEWAY
LEGEND
Conceptual Review Design Guidelines
The following design guidelines shall apply at the conceptual review stage.
Mountain Base Character AreaCity of Aspen
Commercial, Lodging and Historic District
Design Objectives and Guidelines
page 69
Parking
The character of the Mountain Base is one which
is most appreciated on foot, and the human scale
walkable concentration of streets and spaces lies
at the heart of its attraction. Therefore, the visual
impact of parking shall be minimized. Whenever
possible parking should be placed underground
where the scale and setting of the site affords this
opportunity. Where a parking structure might
be considered, this should be within a 'wrap' of
commercial, lodge and/or residential use. Surface
parking, if it is permitted, shall be placed away
from the street within the site, and effectively
buffered and subdivided with landscaping.
4.2 Minimize the visual impacts of parking.
• Parking shall be placed underground
wherever possible.
• Where surface parking must be provided,
it shall be located to the rear or the interior
of the property, behind the structure.
• Surface parking shall be externally buffered
with landscaping, and internally planted
and landscaped to soften design of parking
areas.
4.3 Structured parking access shall not have
a negative impact on the character of the street.
The access shall be:
• Located primarily off an alley when present
or secondly on a secondary street when
feasible.
• Designed with the same attention to detail
and materials as the primary building
façade
• Integrated into the building design
Structured parking access shall not have a negative impact on the
character of the street.
Mountain Base Character Area City of Aspen
page 70 Commercial, Lodging and Historic District
Design Objectives and Guidelines
Topography
The development of the city has been directly
associated with the mountain base since its
mining origins. The prominence of a building
on a steeply rising site is accentuated here in
forming the southern district edge of the city.
With the visibility from the city and from the
immediate mountain side, the definition of scale
and articulation of the building modules, façades,
roof profiles and roofscape are of particular
importance. A building should be designed to
reflect the change in the elevation of the site
through stepped and articulated sections of the
street façades.
Within a natural, scenic setting a building is
most successful when it integrates as closely as
possible with the terrain of the site and its context.
Excavation of natural terrain should be minimized
when placing and arranging a building within the
site. Natural features help integrate the building
and site and should be retained where possible.
Within more steeply sloping fringe areas, the
traditional street network dissolves, no longer
ensuring the same discipline in circulation and
access. A development should maintain and/or
create public access ways to other parts of the
street network and to open land or trails where
possible.
The setting towards the mountain base becomes
much less urban in character than the commercial
center. The design of a building should recognize
this and be integrated into its more natural and
open setting.
Stepping building forms to reflect site contours is preferred.
A building should be designed to reflect the change in the elevation
of the site through stepped and articulated sections of the street
façades.
Mountain Base Character AreaCity of Aspen
Commercial, Lodging and Historic District
Design Objectives and Guidelines
page 71
4.4 A building on a sloping site should be
designed to reduce the perceived mass and
scale and reflect the natural slope of the site.
This should be achieved in all of the following
ways:
• Design the building to ensure that sections
of the street façade(s) step in relation to the
slope.
• Vary the height of the building modules to
maintain a human scale and to integrate
with the scale of adjacent buildings.
• Vary the plane and height of the street façade
to express the slope of the site and continue
the varied form in the roof profile(s).
• Use the roof form and profile to reduce the
perceived scale of the street façade(s) and
roof.
• Include a range of materials to express the
modulation of the façade.
4.5 Design a building to integrate with the
natural landscape. This shall be achieved in
three or more of the these ways:
• Face the building(s) toward the open
landscape as well as the primary street.
• Create public access through and adjacent
to the site.
• Reduce the height and scale of the building
modules.
• Reduce the building footprint and/or use
smaller buildings adjacent to the open
area.
• Use materials which are compatible with an
open or natural setting.
Use the roof form and profile to reduce the perceived scale of the
street façade. Pitched roof forms are effective and characteristic
for buildings towards the base of the mountain.
Design a building to integrate with the natural landscape.
Mountain Base Character Area City of Aspen
page 72 Commercial, Lodging and Historic District
Design Objectives and Guidelines
Public Amenity Space
Providing on-site open space is a long-standing
priority and characteristic of the city. The form,
orientation, quality and use of such open space
is important, particularly in the Mountain Base.
Within the sites around the mountain base there
will be the need to ensure adequate permeability
and connections through a site to link with
adjacent streets, open space and public trails.
The Planning and Zoning Commission and/or
the Historic Preservation Commission will decide
whether, where and in what form Public Amenity
Space will be required.
Location of Public Amenity Space
Public Amenity Space is a requirement in the
Mountain Base character area. It should take the
form of :
• Public links through the site
• Open space within the site that is visible
from the public way
• Open space used for outdoor dining adjacent
to or directly visible from the public way.
Within an area highly regarded for its pedestrian
character and ‘walkability,’ enhancing public
circulation patterns has distinct advantages and
is a priority.
Within the Mountain Base Character Area the
development sites are potentially large and street
network less complete. Providing walkways to
link with the street network, open land and public
trail system is therefore important. Such links may
be within or at the boundary of a site, depending
upon particular site constraints, adjacent street
network or trails and development design.
Opportunities to create public amenity space
adjacent or close to and directly visible from the
street for outdoor dining should be considered.
This has distinct advantages in enhancing street
vitality and the public attraction of the area.
Located public amenity space so that it is visible from the public
way.
Provide pedestrian ways that accommodate convenient access to
natural features adjacent to or on the site. Orient a building to
face both the street and an amenity space.
Position Public Amenity Space to take advantage of solar access
and views.
Mountain Base Character AreaCity of Aspen
Commercial, Lodging and Historic District
Design Objectives and Guidelines
page 73
4.6 Locate Public Amenity Space such that it
is conveniently accessible.
• Provide a walkway from the street to assure
public access.
4.7 Locate Public Amenity Space such that it is
visible from the public way and takes advantage
of solar potential for outdoor activities related
to hotels.
• Positioning the space to abut a public
sidewalk is preferred. If a space is located
more internal to the site, it should be clearly
visible.
4.8 Provide pedestrian ways that accommodate
convenient access.
• Walkway links should be a minimum of 12
ft. wide to provide a comfortable sense of
space.
4.9 Provide Public Amenity Space which
accommodates outdoor dining space adjacent
or close to and directly visible from the public
way.
Provide Public Amenity Space which
accommodates outdoor dining space adjacent
or close to and directly visible from the public
way.
Within an area highly regarded for its pedestrian character and
‘walkability,’ enhancing public circulation patterns has distinct
advantages and is a priority.Pedestrian connections through the property that connect to natural
features beyond are appropriate.
Mountain Base Character Area City of Aspen
page 74 Commercial, Lodging and Historic District
Design Objectives and Guidelines
Building Placement
Street Façades & Corners
A building facade should respond to the
topography of the site. On sloping sites, both
the street corner and often upper sections of the
street façades become a part of the foreground to
either mountain or city setting and views. This
creates the urban grain and scale identified with
the Mountain Base, as defined by the roofline or
roof profiles, and the articulation and design of
the street façade.
The Mountain Base becomes less urban in
character and prompts consideration of how
buildings should integrate more effectively
with increasingly natural and open background
or foreground. Reducing the scale of larger
development through the creation of a series
of building modules or separate buildings is
important. The use of setbacks, open space and
landscaping help blend the building with the
natural landscape.
Building Setbacks
4.10 Use setbacks to reduce building scale,
enhance public access and accommodate
landscaping where appropriate. All of the
following will apply:
• Front setbacks should provide for an
additional or widened sidewalk and
landscaping of the front yard space.
• Side setbacks should provide the opportunity
to create walkways or through courts to
adjacent streets and public trails.
Building Orientation
4.11 Orient a primary entrance to face the street
or an area of open space adjacent to the street.
Buildings should be placed so that primary entrances are oriented
toward the street.
Orient a primary entrance to face the street or an area of open space
adjacent to the street.
Articulating a building façade with a change in setbacks and
materials helps to reduce perceived scale and convey traditional
lot patterns.
Mountain Base Character AreaCity of Aspen
Commercial, Lodging and Historic District
Design Objectives and Guidelines
page 75
Building Height, Mass & Scale
The character of this area is strongly influenced by
the natural setting and site topography, creating
a prominent situation for any development site
or building. Consequently, building height, mass
and scale should be modulated and articulated to
vary the building profiles and to create a diverse
street wall.
Height Variation
Building height variation is a key characteristic
in this area. This helps to reduce the perceived
mass of a structure as well as to promote visual
interest.
4.12 A new building or addition should reflect
the range and variation in building height of the
Mountain Base Area.
• Refer to the zone district regulations to
determine the maximum height on the
subject property.
• A minimum 9 ft. floor to ceiling height is to be
maintained on second stories and higher.
• Additional height, as permitted in the zone
district, may be added for one or more of the
following reasons:
- In order to achieve at least a two-foot
variation in height with an adjacent
building.
- The primary function of the building is
civic. (i.e. the building is a Museum, Civic
Building, Performance Hall, Fire station,
etc.)
- Some portion of the property is affected
by a height restriction due to its proximity
to a historic resource, or location within a
View Plane, therefore relief in another area
may be appropriate.
- To benefit the livability of Affordable
Housing units.
- To make a demonstrable (to be verified by
the Building Department) contribution to
the building’s overall energy efficiency,
for instance by providing improved day-
lighting.
Large buildings should be designed with a base, middle and cap to
reduce the perceived scale of the building.
A building should vary in height and roof profile across the site.
4.13 Incorporate varied heights of building
components in a development.
• On a corner site, both street façades are
defined as building frontage.
• Height variation and variation in profile
should be expressed across the width and
depth of the site.
4.14 Provide variation in building height
and roof profile through one or more of the
following:
• Vary the heights for different sections of the
development.
• Vary the setbacks and wall planes of different
building components.
Mountain Base Character Area City of Aspen
page 76 Commercial, Lodging and Historic District
Design Objectives and Guidelines
Building Design & Articulation
On elevated sites and in areas forming the
interface between the city and open landscape
the design and modulation of a larger building
becomes a central consideration in the successful
integration of the building and setting. Dividing
a building into "modules" is therefore encouraged.
However, this should not be interpreted as a series
of "false fronts" of different imitated styles.
At the base of the mountain the use of pitched
roof profi les has an immediate affi nity with the
lodging origins and heritage of the city, and
presents one effective medium for the variation
of roof form and apparent reduction in scale.
4.15 To reduce the perceived mass of a building,
the design shall respect the natural setting and
refl ect the human scale and character of the
city. This shall be achieved through all of the
following:
• The massing of building forms
• The articulation of the façade(s) through a
varied roof profi le
• The use of a variation in architectural
materials and detailing
The form and articulation of both the façade and roofscape
are important elements used to reduce the perceived scale of a
development.
Final Review Design Guidelines
The following design guidelines shall apply at the fi nal review stage.
Mountain Base Character AreaCity of Aspen
Commercial, Lodging and Historic District
Design Objectives and Guidelines
page 77
Street Level Character
The distinction between the first floor and the
upper floors of the building also plays a key role
in creating a sense of human scale and is therefore
an important consideration. The design of a new
building should respect the stature of the first
floor, and its visual role as the tallest floor of the
building.
4.16 Develop the street edge to be visually
interesting to pedestrians.
• Provide display windows, architectural
details and landscaping to enhance the
appeal of a street edge for dining and
drinking opportunities.
4.17 A new building should be designed to
maintain the stature of traditional street level
retail frontage.
• This should be a minimum of 11 ft. in floor
to floor height on the first floor.
• The minimum required first floor height
must be maintained for at least the first
50 foot depth of the lot, and may only be
dropped to a lower height beyond that
point for areas that are devoted to storage,
circulation, offices, restaurant kitchens, alley
commercial spaces, or similar secondary
uses.
4.18 Any new building shall be designed to
maintain a minimum of 9 feet from floor to
ceiling on all floors.
4.19 The retail entrance should be at the
sidewalk level.
• All entrances shall be ADA compliant.
• On sloping sites the retail frontage should
be as close to a level entrance as possible.
4.20 Incorporate an airlock entry into the plan
for all new structures.
• An airlock entry that projects forward of
the primary façade at the sidewalk edge is
inappropriate.
• Adding temporary entries during the winter
season detracts from the character of the
historic district.
• Using a temporary vinyl or fabric "airlock"
to provide protection from winter weather
is not permitted.
Mountain Base Character Area City of Aspen
page 78 Commercial, Lodging and Historic District
Design Objectives and Guidelines
Roofscape
On a sloping site a building should be designed
using a series of roof profiles which reflect
variation in the natural topography of the
setting.
A building's roofscape should be regarded as an
architectural 'elevation', given its visibility from
nearby buildings and mountain slopes. Specific
attention should be paid to creating a varied and
interesting roofscape. The form seen from above
should reinforce the rhythm and scale of the street
façade.
4.21 The roofscape should be designed with the
same design attention as the secondary elevations
of the building.
• Group and screen mechanical units from
view.
• Locate mechanical equipment to the rear of
the roof area.
• Position, articulate and design rooftop
enclosures or structures to reflect the
modulation and character of the building.
• Use materials which complement the design
of the building façades.
• Design roof garden areas to be unobtrusive
from the street.
• Use 'green roof' design best practice, where
feasible.
4.22 Variation in roof profile should be reflected
in both the width and the depth of the roofscape
of the building(s).
Variation in roof profile should be reflected in both the width and
the depth of the roofscape of the building(s).
Mountain Base Character AreaCity of Aspen
Commercial, Lodging and Historic District
Design Objectives and Guidelines
page 79
Using high quality materials that convey a human scale is important
to the success of a building is this area.
High quality, durable materials should be employed.
Architectural Materials
Aspen has developed using a range of materials
including wood for early mining residences
and early lodge developments. Commercial
structures demonstrate high quality and a sense
of permanence through brick and stone. Although
other materials have been used, this palette has
become part of the essential character of the
city.
Later development has, in certain cases,
interpreted this range and quality successfully
in both contemporary and more traditional
ways. The prominence of the area accentuates the
importance of this characteristic. The role played
by the palette of materials and their detailing in
establishing the character of the Mountain Base
should be reflected in new development.
Building materials should establish a sense of
human scale and convey a sense of connection
with the natural features of the setting.
4.23 High quality, durable materials should be
employed.
• The palette of materials proposed for all
development should be specified and
approved as part of the general and detailed
development approvals process, including
samples of materials as required.
4.24 Building materials should have these
features:
• Convey the quality and range of materials
seen historically
• Reduce the perceived scale of the building
and enhance visual interest of the facade.
• Convey human scale
• Have proven durability and weathering
characteristics within this climate
Mountain Base Character Area City of Aspen
page 80 Commercial, Lodging and Historic District
Design Objectives and Guidelines
Paving & Landscaping
Landscaping creates a welcoming and attractive
character in city hotel development, and should
continue to do so in a manner which enhances both
building setting and street scene. Development in
this area should include decorative paving, trees
and shrubs, as enhancements to the streetscape
and to integrate a buildings with its setting.
4.25 Landscaping and paving should have the
following characteristics:
• Enhance the street scene
• Integrate the development with its setting
• Reflect the quality of the architectural
materials
4.26 Landscaping should create a buffer between
the street and sidewalk.
Landscaping adds visual interest and human scale to the
streetscape.