HomeMy WebLinkAboutordinance.council.057-89 ORDINANCE NO. 57
(Series of 1989)
AN ORDINANCE IMPOSING LIMITATIONS ON CAMPAIGN CONTRIBUTIONS FOR
OR AGAINST CANDIDATES SEEKING PUBLIC OFFICE; ESTABLISHING
DEADLINES AND DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS WITH RESPECT TO CAMPAIGN
CONTRIBUTIONS AND EXPENDITURES; PROHIBITING FALSE CAMPAIGN
ADVERTISING; IMPOSING PENALTIES FOR VIOLATION OF THESE PRO-
VISIONS, INCLUDING FINES AND IMPRISONMENT NOT TO EXCEED THREE
HUNDRED ($300.00) DOLLARS AND/OR NINETY (90) DAYS; AND FURTHER
PROVIDING ON CONVICTION FOR FORFEITURE OF THE OFFICE TO WHICH
ELECTED
WHEREAS, the Colorado Campaign Reform Act of 1974, while
establishing campaign disclosure requirements, provides that any
home rule municipality may adopt ordinances or charter provisions
with respect to its local elections which are more stringent than
any or all of the provisions of the Act; and
WHEREAS, it has been determined by the Aspen City Council
that, in addition to state statutory disclosure requirements,
there should be additional disclosure requirements as well as
limitations on campaign contributions to candidates to enhance
the integrity of the election process, by:
1. equalizing the relative ability of citizens to
affect the outcome of elections;
2. reducing voter cynicism and apathy by assuring
voters that their votes and their participation,
whether in the form of money or services, are
significant;
3. slowing down the escalating costs of political
campaigns and thereby helping to open the politi-
cal system to candidates without access to large
amounts of money;
4. preventing corruption and the appearance of
corruption spawned by the real or imagined coer-
cive influence of large amounts of money on
candidates positions and their actions if elected;
and
5. generally to promote confidence in the government
of the City of Aspen; and
WHEREAS, the City Council has further determined that
prohibitions against false campaign advertising is also in the
public interest.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE
CITY OF ASPEN:
Section 1 - Definitions.
For the purpose of this Ordinance, the following definitions
shall apply:
Campaign treasurer. "Campaign treasurer" means
the treasurer of any candidate or of any political
committee.
Candidate. "Candidate" means any person who seeks
election to the office of Mayor or City councilman or
councilwoman which is to be voted for at any general,
primary or special election. A person is a candidate
for election if he has publicly announced his intention
to seek election to public office, has filed nominating
petitions, has conducted a write-in campaign, is the
subject of a recall election, has been chosen to fill
any vacancy, has accepted a campaign contribution, who
has made an expenditure, or who has otherwise taken
affirmative action demonstrating to the public that he
is seeking election to the City Council or as Mayor. A
candidate also includes an incumbent who still has an
unexpended balance of contributions or a debt or
deficit or who receives contributions or contributions
in kind.
Conspiracy. A person conspires or commits or
conspires to commit a crime if, with the intent to
promote or facilitate its commission, he agrees with
another person or persons that they, or one or more of
them, will engage in conduct which constitutes a crime
or an attempt to commit a crime, or he agrees to aid
the other person or persons in the planning or commis-
sion of a crime or of an attempt to commit such a
crime.
Contribution. "Contribution" means a gift, loan,
pledge, or advance of money or a guarantee of a loan
made, directly or indirectly, to or for any candidate
or political committee for the purpose of influencing
the passage or defeat of any issue or the nomination,
retention, election, or defeat of any candidate.
"Contribution" includes a transfer of any money between
one political committee and another; a gift of money to
or for any incumbent in public office from any other
person, the purpose of which is to compensate him for
his public service or to help defray his expenses
incident thereto but which are not covered by official
compensation; the payment of any money by any person,
other than a political committee working on a candi-
date's behalf, for political services rendered to the
candidate or political committee; any payment made to
third parties at the request of or with the prior
knowledge of a candidate, political committee, or agent
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of either. "Contribution" includes contributions in
kind, and independent expenditures, but does not
include services provided without compensation by
individuals volunteering their time on behalf of a
candidate or political committee, or, unless stated
otherwise, an expenditure by a candidate or his
immediate family. Any transfer of money between
political committees is an expenditure by the political
committee which dispenses the money and is a
contribution to the political committee which receives
the money.
Contribution in kind. "Contribution in kind"
means a gift or loan of any item of real or personal
property, other than money, made, directly or indirect-
ly, to or for any candidate or political committee for
the purpose of influencing the passage or defeat of any
issue or the nomination, retention, election, or defeat
of any candidate. "Contribution in kind" includes a
gift or loan of any item of real or personal property,
other than money, to or for any incumbent in public
office from any other person, the purpose of which is
to compensate him for his public service or to help him
defray his expenses incident thereto but which are not
covered by official compensation. Personal services
are a contribution in kind by the person paying compen-
- sation therefor; volunteer services are not included.
"Contribution in kind," unless stated otherwise, does
not include contributions by a candidate or his
immediate family, nor an endorsement of candidacy or
issue by any person. In determining the value to be
placed on contributions in kind, a reasonable estimate
of fair market value shall be used.
Election. "Election" means any municipal general,
primary or special election held within the City of
Aspen at which any issue is submitted to the electorate
or person or persons are elected to run for or to fill
the office of Mayor or councilman or councilwoman of
the City. "Election" includes any initiative,
referendum or recall election.
Expenditure. "Expenditure" means the payment,
distribution, loan or advance of any money or contribu-
tion in kind by any candidate, political committee or
agent of either for the purpose of influencing the
passage or defeat of any issue or the nomination,
retention, election, or defeat of any candidate.
"Expenditure" does not include services provided
without compensation by any candidate or political
committee, nor, unless stated otherwise, expenditures
by a candidate or members of his immediate family. An
expenditure occurs when the actual payment is made or
when there is a contractual agreement and the amount is
determined.
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Independent expenditure. "Independent expendi-
ture'' is an expenditure made or employed on behalf of a
candidate where such expenditures have been solicited
by, or otherwise authorized by or consented to by a
candidate or political committee, or with the approval,
by arrangement with or in cooperation with a candidate
or political committee, or have been expended or
employed in a manner or amount directed, authorized
(either expressly or by implication), or consented to
by such candidate or committee.
Issue. "Issue" means any proposition or initiated
or referred measure which is to be submitted to the
electors for their approval or rejection. An issue
includes the recall of any officer as provided by law.
Knowinqly. A person acts "knowingly" with respect
to conduct or to a circumstance described by this
Ordinance defining an offense when he is aware that his
conduct is of such nature or that such circumstance
exists. A person acts "knowingly," with respect to a
result of his conduct, when he is aware that his
conduct is practically certain to cause the result.
Person. "Person" means any natural person,
partnership, corporation, association, firm, committee,
clerk, governmental entity, or other organization or
group of persons, however organized.
Political Committee. "Political committee" means
any two or more persons who are elected, appointed, or
chosen or who have associated themselves or cooperated
for the purpose of accepting contributions or contribu-
tions in kind or making expenditures to support or
oppose a candidate for public office at any election or
seek to influence the passage or defeat of any issue.
"Political committee" includes any political party or
committee thereof at any level or a political orga-
nization as defined in §1-1-104, C.R.S. "Political
committee" also includes a separate political education
or political action fund or committee which is associ-
ated with an organization or association formed prin-
cipally for some other purpose and includes an orga-
nization or association formed principally for some
other purpose insofar as it makes contributions or
contributions in kind or expenditures.
Section 2 - Records of Contributions and Expenditures.
All records of contributions and expenditures shall be made,
filed and retained as required by the Colorado Campaign Reform
Act of 1974, ~1-45-101, et seq., C.R.S as now enacted or may
hereinafter from time to time be amended. In the event the
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_ provisions of this Ordinance are inconsistent with the provisions
of the Act, the more stringent shall apply.
Section 3 - Deadlines For and Publication of Contributions and
Expenditures.
(a) No person shall accept any contribution (including
contributions to a candidate from the candidate himself or from
members of his immediate family), nor shall any person make any
independent expenditures, later than 7 days prior to any
election.
(b) Not less than 7 days before an election, the campaign
treasurer shall file with the City Clerk a report meeting the
requirements of §1-45-108(4), C.R.S. The filings shall be
complete as of the date of filing.
(c) Not less than 7 days before an election, each person
who makes an expenditure, including candidates and members of
their immediate families, in an aggregate amount of $100.00 in
support of or in opposition to any specific candidate or issue,
other than by contribution or contribution in kind to a candidate
or political committee directly, shall file an individual
statement of the expenditures with the City Clerk meeting the
requirements of §1-45-110(1), C.R.S. The filing shall be
complete as of the date of filing.
(d) The City Clerk shall, four days before any municipal
general, primary or special election, publish in any newspaper of
general circulation within the City of Aspen, information
concerning all contributions and expenditures received and made
as contained in the reports filed pursuant to Sections 3(b) and
(c), and pursuant to §1-45-105(1), C.R.S. The publication shall
contain, at a minimum, total receipts, total expenditures, and
the name of each contributor and the amount of such contribution,
all as contained in said reports. In addition, the reports shall
be available for public inspection during business hours.
(e) Nothing herein shall be deemed to supersede the
reporting or disclosure requirements of the Colorado Campaign
Reform Act, §1-45-101, et seq, C.R.S., but the requirements of
the Act and this Ordinance shall be deemed cumulative.
Section 4 - Anonymous Contributions.
No person shall make, nor shall any campaign treasurer
accept, any anonymous contribution to a candidate, committee, or
anyone, for the purpose of influencing the election or defeat of
any candidate or the passage or defeat of any issue. ?he intend-
ed recipient of an anonymous contribution shall, promptly upon
receipt of such contribution, transmit such contribution to the
City Clerk for deposit in the general fund of the City of Aspen.
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Section 5 - Contributions on Behalf of Another.
No person shall make a contribution on behalf of another, or
while acting as the intermediary or agent of another, without
disclosing to the recipient of the contribution the person's,
intermediary's, or agent's own full name and street address, and
the name and street address of the actual contributor.
Section 6 - Limit on Contributions by Single Donor.
No person shall make, solicit or accept a contribution which
will cause the total contributions by such person on behalf of
any candidate or a political committee supporting or opposing the
election of such candidate to exceed One Hundred ($100.00)
Dollars with respect to any single election. The intended
recipient of any contribution which would cause the total amount
of contributions to a candidate or committee from a single donor
to exceed One Hundred ($100.00) Dollars shall promptly, upon
receipt thereof, transmit any such excess to the City Clerk for
deposit in the general fund of the City of Aspen.
Section 7 - False Statements.
No person shall knowingly make, publish, or circulate or
cause to be made, published or circulated, in any letter
circular, advertisement, or poster or in any other writing, or on
radio or television any false statement designed to influence the
vote on any issue or election or defeat of any candidate, nor
conspire to do so.
Section 8 - Enforcement.
(a) The City Attorney shall enforce all provisions of this
Ordinance.
(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of Subsection 8(c)
below, any person residing in the City of Aspen may sue for
injunctive relief to enjoin violations or to compel compliance
with this Ordinance.
(c) Any person residing in the City of Aspen may bring a
civil action consistent with this Ordinance, provided such person
first files with the City Attorney a written request for the City
Attorney to commence action. The request shall include a state-
ment of grounds for believing a cause for action exists. The
City Attorney shall respond within ten (10) days after receipt of
the request indicating whether he intends to file a civil action.
If the City Attorney indicates in the affirmative and files suit
within thirty (30) days thereafter, no other action may be
brought unless the action brought by the City Attorney is dis-
missed without prejudice.
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(d) In the event any person residing within the City of
Aspen shall bring a civil action for injunction or to otherwise
enforce this Ordinance, and such person shall prevail in such
action, then he or she shall be awarded a reasonable attorneys'
fee and costs of the action to be paid by the defendant.
Section 9 - Criminal Penalties.
(a) Any person who knowingly violates any provision of this
Ordinance is guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punished by a
fine not exceeding Three Hundred ($300.00) Dollars or imprison-
ment for a period of not more than ninety (90) days or both such
fine and imprisonment.
(b) Any candidate who knowingly violates any provision of
this Ordinance, or who conspires with another to violate any
provision of this Ordinance, shall, in addition to any other
penalties provided for herein, be denied his or her right to take
oath for the office to which he or she was elected, unless he or
she has already taken said oath, in which event the office shall
be deemed vacated and shall be filled as otherwise provided by
law.
Section 10 - Civil Penalties.
(a) Any person who violates any of the reporting provisions
of this Ordinance shall be liable in any civil action initiated
by the City Attorney or by a person residing within the City of
Aspen for an amount not more than the amount or value not proper-
ly reported.
(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of Subsection 10(a)
above, any person who makes or receives a contribution or expen-
diture in violation of this Ordinance is liable in a civil action
initiated by the City Attorney or by a person residing within the
City of Aspen for an amount up to Five Hundred ($500.00) Dollars
or three (3) times the amount of the unlawful contribution or
expenditure, whichever is greater.
(c) In determining the amount of liability under Sub-
sections 10(a) and 10(b) above, the court may take into account
the seriousness of the violation and the culpability of the
defendant. If a judgment is entered against a defendant or
defendants in an action under the Subsections noted above, the
plaintiffs, other than the City of Aspen, shall receive fifty
percent (50%) of the amount recovered. The remaining fifty
percent (50%) shall be deposited in the treasury of the City of
Aspen. In an action initiated by the City Attorney, the entire
amount recovered shall be paid into the treasury of the City of
Aspen.
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Section 11 - Severability Clause.
If any provision of this Ordinance or the application
thereof to any person or circumstance is held invalid, such
invalidity shall not affect other provisions or applications of
the Ordinance which can be given effect without the invalid
provisions or applications, and to this end the provisions or
applications of this Ordinance are declared to be severable.
A public hearing on this Ordinance shall be held on the
j~i~day of .3~_~m~-~x-~'~ , 1989, at ~.~0 /-~__.m. in the City
Council Chambers,~Asp~n City Hall, Aspen, Color,ldo.
INTRODUCED, READ AND ORDERED published as provided by law by
the~ ~Citv~Council o the City of Aspen, atfits regular~meeting
held ~/~~//, : 9.
~William Stirli~g, y
ATT~T:
- 'Kathryn .K~ch
City Cle~
FINALLY ADOPTED AND APPROVED ON ~-~ ~_~ , 1989.
'Kathryn K.~ch
City Clerk
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