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A u g U 5 t 1, 19 9 7
Revegetation Plans
Photo of Aspen Mountain circa 1958 courtesy of Apen Historical Society
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Memorandum
To: Brent Gardner-5mith, Planner For Community Affairs
Fram: John H, Sale, Planner
DatcK 08/01/97
ReI AMMP Re-Vegetation Plan, Vegetation Management
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Aspen Skiing Company
Planning and Development
Per the County's request, I have included the Aspen Mountain Re-Vegetation Plan including an
illustration of the proposed sites, Most of these practices are in full implementation at this time,
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Aspen Mountain Re-vegetation Plan
This re-vegetation plan is designed to satisfy the requirements of both the U,S, Forest and
Pitkin County,
Aspen Mountain has a long history of successful re-vegetation efforts. Knowledge
acquired over the years on site will be applied to all aspects of implementing our re-
vegetation plan, Due to the mining history and the industrialized conditions that were left
behind, Aspen Mountain must take a very unique approach to its re-vegetation plan,
Considering that there is very little nutrient top soil available on the mountain, the degree
of success for re-vegetation must be evaluated differently than other ski areas, Problem
areas targeted for re-vegetation will be classified into one of the three categories below,
Category I
Problem areas that fall within this category are typically "cosmetic" repairs,
Generally, this includes previously seeded areas that need additional seeding or
the seeding and mulching of patch areas,
The procedure for this category include seeding, mulching and the application of
an organic fertilizer,
Example:
An exemplary site of Category I would be the Spar Gulch area.
Overall this area is well vegetated, although there are many
patches and bare spots noticeable in high visibility areas,
Category II
Areas that fall into this category are light erosion zones, previous construction
sites, and compacted bare spots. While these areas are not critically serious they
may need some mechanical equipment to properly re-vegetate the area
The procedure for this category include scarifying the soil, seeding and apply
organic fertilizer, and mulching. Additional top dressing may be needed to
properly re- vegetate the area,
Example:
A prime example of Category II would be the area surrounding the
base of the Shadow Mountain Lift (# I-A), This area needs more
attention and because it is a high use area for both foot and vehicle
traffic, The soil needs to be scarified and top dressing will provide
the nutrients and base for the seed mix. '
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CategorY III
Problem areas that fall into this category are site intensive and are serious
undertakings, Many of these areas will include re-grading and large quantities of
soil, and structural support may be required for stabilization,
Procedures for this area will require re-grading of terrain, hauling of additional
top soil, seeding and mulching and application of organic fertilizer,
Example:
One project slated for Category III would be the slope of the Little
Nell Hotel that faces the Gondola terminal at the base of Aspen
Mountain, Although this area would be typically considered
Category I, we feel that due to its visual exposure, a total re-veg
project would be most beneficial to the enhancement of the
co=unity, This site would require a small irrigation system and
the import of top soil to provide a home to a mass planting of
Colorado wild flowers,
*See figure 18, Re- Vegetation Plan of the 1997 Aspen Mountain Master Plan,
This figure graphically illustrates the location of problem sites and are broken
down into the three categories described above,
The Aspen Skiing Company proposes to take on one extensive re-vegetation problem
area per year, The selected area, depending on which category the area falls into will be
completed within the summer months, Each selected area will vary in size and
complexity, one year may cover a large area of Category I and the next year a small but
intense Category III area, ASC wishes to address the issue ofre-vegetation head on and
commit the resources needed to implement a working plan,
At this time the Aspen Skiing Company is engaged in extensive Vegetation Management
Plans for, both the Aspen Highlands and the Snowmass Ski Area, These studies are being
conducted by Westem Bionomics, LLC, ofFt. Collins, Colorado with the approval of the
White River Forest Service, ASC is preparing to study Aspen Mountain and Buttermilk
in the 1998 fiscal year, The scope of work will address a total Vegetation Management
Plan and will include timber re-vegetation and clearing,
The vegetation management plan will be coordinated with a 1993 study prepared by the,
Wildlife Habitat Enhancement Council entitled "Opportunities for the Enhancement of
Wildlife Habitat and Environmental Awareness on Aspen Mountain,"
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Re-vegetation of the disturbed sites on Aspen Mountain will have four primary goals:
1, prevent soil loss and siltation of drainage as a result of removing forest cover;
2. establish vegetation that is compatible with existing native vegetation in appearance,
composition, and permanence;
3, creating habitat that will support use by native wildlife; and
4, to provide quality skiing terrain.
These goals will be accomplished by planting native grasses or species adapted to the
area and using mulch to reduce soil loss and enhance the establishment of seeding,
In areas with steep slopes and shallow or erodible soils, mulch will be used in
combination with an erosion control mat or netting to provide further protection of soils
and seedlings, Follow-up measures, such as additional seeding and/or fertilization, will
be applied as needed,
These measures conform to the Pitkin County Landscape Guidelines, which have been
incorporated where appropriate throughout this revegetation plan,
The native seed mixes listed below have been selected to provide visual diversity,
prevention of soil erosion and ensure that a variety of feed materials are available
throughout the growing season,
Aspen Mountain Mix
Name, Variety
Streambank Wheatgrass, Sodar
Slender Wheatgrass
Tall Fescue
Hard Fescue
Creeping Red Fescue
MountainBromegrass '
Orchardgrass, Paiute
Canada Bluegrass
Alsike Clover
White Dutch Clover
Timothy, Climas
Red Top
Percent
5%
5%
10%
10%
10%
15%
10%
10%
5%
5%
10%
5%
*Fertilizer biosol or other suitable organic fertilizer only, No nitrogen fertilizer will be
used.
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All seed will be furnished from Garrison Seed Company, The seed bags have the
appropriate information (name and address of the supplier, the seed names, the lot
number, net weight, origin, percent weed content, the guaranteed percentage of purity and
germination, and the pounds of pure live seed of each seed species) on them.
All supplied seed will be free of noxious weed seeds, A signed statement certifying that
the seed furnished is from a lot that has been tested will be made available, Seed, that has
become wet, moldy or otherwise damaged in transit or in storage will not be used.
During the process of clearing sites, both rubber-tired and tracked equipment will be used
on slopes of 30 percent or less, On steeper slopes, only tracked equipment will be used,
Damaged areas will be regraded to appropriate smoothness arid patched with soil
material, if necessary,
Seeding Procedure:
Seedbed preparation will consist ofleaving a rough, irregular soil surface, This will
include removing large rocks, Regardless of the mix of seed used, seed will be planted
by broadcasting or drill seeding within ten days after soil disturbing activity has ended,
Toward the end of the construction season, all areas will be evaluated and additional
revegetation measures will be implemented as needed, Planting during the early fall will
allow the seed to be fully moistened and worked into the soil by natural processes prior to
germination in the spring, For some species, overwintering also enhances germination by
weakening the seed coat.
Seeding rates will vary because of seed size, method of seeding and site requirements,
Seeding rates of 50 to 250 seeds per square foot, depending on seed size, will be used,
Available plant nutrients are a necessity for any aggressive revegetation program that
restores and maintains soil productivity resulting in healthy, vigorous vegetation,
Generally, all vegetation responds favorably to the addition ofuitrogen and phosphorus
fertilizers, A mixture of20-20-10 will be used as a supplement to assist revegetation,
An application rate of 50 to 250 seeds per square foot followed by a second application of
equal amount later in the growing season or the following growing season has been
demonstrated to be most effective and efficient. '
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The U.s, Forest Service will assist in the designation of additional control measures, if
any are needed. These measures may include, but are not limited to silt fencing, sediment
basins, check dams, berms, mulching, revegetation, or natural materials will be used to
decrease energy and remove silt.
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Mulching Procedure:
Following seeding slopes with steepness less than 2:1 will be mulched with
approximately 1,500 pounds per acre of straw, This straw or hay will provide the cover
needed while still allowing sunlight to penetrate the mulch, wanning the soil and
enhancing plant growth, Application is done either by hand placing or mechanically
blowing the mulch, The straw will be crimped into the soil and, in areas subject to wind
erosion, anchored with a tackifier, Areas with steepness greater than 2: 1 will be further
stabilizer by using plastic netting or mat.
A standard of 70 percent ground cover after the second growing season or the amount
equal to the adjoining undisturbed areas, ifless than 70 percent will be used to determine
reapplication, modification, or fertilization, The Forest Service will also monitor ASC's
compliance with the re-vegetation specifications contained in the annual Summer
Operating Plan,
Reclamation
Areas that will be reclaimed are building sites, structure placements, and landforms that
will be moved, replaced or abandoned, Reclamation will consist of minor disturbances
from grading the previously developed areas into the natural contours and revegetating,
Appropriate and revegetation will occur within ten days after construction activities on
site have been completed.
Aspen Mountain Erosion Control Plan
Aspen Mountain erosion and drainage plan was designed to protect the natural resources
in the project areas. (There are no active year-round streams in the area, but there are two
main drainages that are active in the run-off period and have the potential to. cause
erosion, Currently, both are culverted where necessary and are well managed,
The plan consists ot: for the most part, two measures, The first is the use of silt fences
and erosion bales located at the toe of disturbed sites during the construction activities,
The second control measure is an aggressive revegetation program described in the
Revegetation Plan, Seeding and mulching will be enacted within ten days after the
completion of the soil disturbing or construction activity, The specific erosion control
measures are detailed on the revegetation and drainage plans.
Other erosion control measures will be used throughout the area as needed, One specific
measure is water bars. They will be installed at appropriate intervals along cleared ski
slopes and roads to limit distance that sheet runoff can flow unchecked, The water bars
will divert runoff into the adjacent uncleared forest whenever possible, Where
appropriate, energy-dissipating structures,(i,e" rock, hay bales, or slash piles) will be
installed to prevent erosion in the forest areas receiving the. diverted slope runoff.
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Aspen Mountain Master Plan
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A u g u s t 1, 19 9 7
Snowmaking Analysis
Photo of Aspen Mountain circa 1958 courtesy of Apen Historical Society
AIJG 01 '97 11:53AM L RH ::
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P,2
PRELIMINARY REPORT
ON THE POTENTIAL IMPACT
OF NEW SNOWMAKING
AT ASPEN MOUNTAIN
For Aspen Skiing Company
Leonard Rice Consulting Water Engineers, Inc.
August 1, 1997
AUG 01 '97 11:53AM L R~ E
~
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The technical material in this report titled, "Preliminary Report on the
Potential Impact of New Snowmakina at Aspen Mountain." dated
AUliUst 1, 1997 was prepared by or under the supervision and
direction of the undersigned whose seal as a Professional Engineer is
affixed below:
Leslie H. Botham, P.E,
The following members of the Leonard Rice Consulting Water
Engineers, Inc. staff' contributed to the preparation of this report:
Principal Investigator:
Hydrologist:
Leslie H. Botham
Jennifer Larson
Technician:
Katja Stringfield
Technical Typist:
Glenda Emmans
Leonard Rice Consulting Water Engineers, Inc,
P,3
RUG 0i '97 11:54AM L R~ E
1-..,
P,4
PRELIMINARY REPORT ON THE POTENTIAL IMPACT
or NEW SNOWMAKlNG AT ASPEN MOllNIAIN
August 1, 1997
INTRODUCTION
The Aspeli Skiing Company (ASC) proposes to increase the si~ of its snowmaking area on Aspen
Mountain by approximately 56 acres. It now makes snow on about 180 acres. The new area is located
above (south of) the existing snowmaking area, lying between elevation 10,370 and 11,180 feet, in
Pitkin County, Colorado. The area is shown on Figure 1, and it is about 2.1 miles south of the City
of Aspen, ASC estimates that it will deliver an average of 11 million gallons of water to the new
snowmaking area per year, which will make about 18 inches of snow in November llJId December of
most years.
The purpose of this preliminary report is to qualitatively address the impacts that the proposed new
snowmaking activity could have on storm runoff from the Aspen Mountain.
BACKGROUND
It is reported that ASC has been making snow on Aspen Mountain since 1983, Table 1 summarizes
the amount of water which has been used in recent years to make snow on approximately 180 acres
of trails and ski runs. The average water applied is 0,198 million gallons (MG) per acre, with a range
from 0.102 to 0.297 MG per acre.
With specific regard to the Sununer Ditch, which exports water from Spar Gulch to Keno Gulch,
Wright Water Eugineers, Inc. concluded in 1989 that ASe's snOWInaking activities above the ditch
u... would increase snoWInelt runoff and the diversion rate by approximately three percent."
APPROACH
Because of the limited time available for this study, it was necessary to make maxim.um use of existing
information and to conduct qualitative investigations.
For Spar Gulch llJId its tributaries, we were able to obtain and review two drainage stUdies:
a) "City of Aspen, Urban RunoffMa.~ement Plan," by Wright-McLaughlin Engineers,
Augwrt1973,and ,
b) the more recent "Aspen Mountain Lodge, 700 South Galena Street, Top of Hill and Ute City
Place, Storm Drainage Report," by Rea, Cassens and Associates, Inc" July 1985,
These reports identify the 2-year, S-year, and lOO-year storm flows for Spar Gulch, which contains
the majority of the new snowmaking area. These values are summarized on Table 2.
Leonard Rice Consulting Water Engineers, Inc.
8UG 01 '97 11:54AM L R~ E
.~
P.5
preliminary Report on the Potential Impact of New Snowmaking
August 1, 1997
Page 2
For Keno Gulch, we were able to obtain and review the draft report "Report on the Aspen Music
School Debris Flow Investigaticn," by Wright Water Engineers, Inc., May 1996.
Several approaches were undertaken for this investigation. The first was to quantifY the water
equivalent of the snow to be added to Aspen Mountain, and compete it with estimates of historic waU.:r
equivalent of the snow on the mountain, as indicated from historical "Snoo,l" snow course station dala.
The second approach was to compute the average rates of flow which could result jf the water
equivalent of the new snow was released from the mountain for a range of durations from one to 45
days. The results were then compared to published estimates of storm runoff for the mountain.
The third approach was to utilize the methodology developed by Colorado Ski Country USA to
compute the amount of runoff from the new artificial snow, The procedure is contained in a report
titled "A Final Report on The Colorado Ski Country USA Water Management Researth Project,"
February 1986. The report has separately a bound "Handbook" and 1.'1 "Appendices" of the same date.
TRmUTARY AREAS
In this analysis, the areas of interest are defined as Spar Gulch and its tributaries (which deliver water
from Aspen Mountain to the City of Aspen) and Keno Gulch whic;:h is above the Music School. The
56 acres ofnew snowmaking area occupy about 124 acres of land, In other words, new artificial snow
will be made will be on ski trails and ski runs which themselves are within the larger area of about 124
acres,
Of the 56 acres ofland, nine acres will be exported out orthe area of interest to the east, and another
4.6 acres will drain out of the area to the southwest, Two acres will drain to Copper Gulch, which is ,
tributary to Spar Gulch, and the remaining 40.4 acres drain to the "Summer Ditch," an interceptor clitdl
which exports Spar Gulch flows into Keno Gulch, which is located to 'the west. See Table :3 and
Figure 2,
At the point where the Summer Ditch delivers water into the Keno Gulch basin, it is approximately
500 feet north of a landslide and debris flow which affected the Aspen Music School in May 1996.
In its report, "Report on the Aspen Music School Debris Flow Investigation," May 1996, Wright
Water Engineers, Inc. concluded on page 14, ..... although the Spar Gulch diversion water may have
increased the fluidity of the Material, it was not the cause of the landslide or debris flow." Figure 1
and:3 of the WWE study show the relation of the lancls1ide area to the diversion ditch, and WWE's
conclusions are included with the Backup for this report.
Leonard Rice Consulting Water Engineers, Inc,
AUG 01 '97 11:S5AM L R~ E
/"""""
P.6
Preliminary Report on the Potential Impact of New Snowmaking
AugUst 1, 1997
Page 3
lithe Summer Ditch is considered fully effective, then the 40.4 acres of new snow area tributary to
it constitute 8.1 percent of the 502 acre tributary area of the Summer Ditch and Keno Gulch. See
Figure 3. If the capacity of the Summer Ditch was exceeded, or ifit failed, then l:Unoff' above it would
remain in the Spar Gulch basin and continue down Spar Gulch toward the City of Aspen. Therefore,
the other point of view in this report neglects the capacity of the Summer Ditch. In that case, 42.4
acres of new snow area (40.4 acres above the Summer Ditch + 2.0 acres tributary to Copper Gulch)
constitute 6.S percent of the 657-acre combined Spar-Copper-Vallejo C-ulch tributary area above the
City of Aspen, The two existing drainage studies mentioned above also disregard the interceptor ditch,
See Figllre 4,
WATER EQUIVALENT OF NEW SNOW
Ase estimates that it will use an average of 11 MG of water to make artificial snow on the new area.
This is equivalent to 7.23 inches of water over the 56 acres of new snow area. Based on historic
operations, we estimate that the amcunt applied might rlUlge from 5.7 to 16.6 MG (see Table 1), The
spray losses froM the initial application are estitnated to be is percent. So the water equivalent of the
artificial snow which will be made is estimated to average 10,34 MG (6,80 inches), with a range from
5.4 to 15.6 MG,
Tables 4 and 5 and Figures 5 and 6 summari%e the historical water equivalent of two SCS snow survey
(Snotel) stations on Aspen Mountain. They.are named "Aspen" and "Lift,.. The Aspen gage was
located near lift 3 at an elevation of about 9,700 feet. It was discontinued in 1984. The Lift gage is
located east of the Sun Deck at an elevation of 11,250 feet. The data presented on Tables 4 and S, and
on Figures 5 and 6 show the water equivalent of the snow on the gl.'OU.'1d on the first days of February,
March, April, and May for the years Which we had readily available information. For the Aspen gage,
the range of water equivalent is from 2.3 to 26.7 inches, The average values range from 9.9 inches
on February 1st to 18.2 inches on May 1st. For the Lift gage, the range is from 2.9 to 33 inches, wifu
the averages ranging from 11.3 to 20.2 inches,
The average water equivalent of the new snow (after deducting 6% for spray loss) is' estimated to be
0,57 feet or 6.80 inches over the 56 a.cies of new snawmaking area. Expressed over the whole 502.
acre tributary area of Summer Ditch and Keno Gulch, this is equivalent to 0.55 inches. See Table 6.
This is from 3.0 to S.6 percent of the historical average first-of-month (February through May) water
equivalent for the Aspen snow gage, and from 2.7 to 4.9 percent for the Lift pge.
The water equivalent of the new snow when expressed over the 657-acre tributary area of Spar,
Copper, and Vallejo Gulches, is equivalent to 0.44 inllheS. See Table 6. This is from 2.4 to 4,4
percent of the average monthly (February through May) water equivalent for the Aspen snow gage,
and from 2,2 to 3.9 percent for the Lift gage,
Leonard Rice Consulting Water Engineers, Inc.
AUG 01 '97 11:56AM L R~ E
.,-."
P,7
Preliminary Report on the Potential Impact of New Snowmaking
August I, 1997
Palle4
The Spar-Gulch-equivalent estimate is shown on Figures 5 and 6 for comparison with the historical
water equivalent of snow on the mountain.
Since the water equivalent of the new mow is such a small percentage of the snow which is already
on the mountain, the effect of the new snow is expected to be negligible in terms of con1ributing to the
stonn runoff which will be expected in either Spar Gulch or Keno Gulch.
PossmLE SNOW.MELT RATES
We also computed the average rates of flow which might result if the water equivalent of the new snow
melted without any additional loss (like evapotranspiration or percolation) over periods of time ranging
from one day to 45 days, The results are shown on Table 7 and on Figure 7. For any given duration,
these rates of snowmelt would be conservative, since other losses would occur like sublimation,
infiltration, and evapotranspiration,
ASC representatives estimate that under normal conditions it would take about 7 days to melt 18
inches of snow at the altitude of the new snow area. Using this as a representative time, the rates of
snowmelt are estimated to be 1,65 cfs to 2.49 cis for the Keno Gulch area, and 1.73 to 2.67 cis for the
Spar Gulch area. See Table 7,
The published stonn runoff amounts for Spar Gulch, and the estimated amounts for the Suuuner Ditch
tributary area and Keno Gulch are summarized on Table 2. The estimates are based on the per-acre
values for Spar Gulch. Considering the limitil'lg culverts at the end of the Summer Ditch as it exits the
Spar Gulch basin (ie the IS-inch and 12-inch corrugated metal culverts), we estimate the capacity of
the Summer Ditch diversion at less than 7 cfs, which is the estimated 2-year storm inflow. The
capacit)" of the ditch itself is much more than this in most areas. The various ma"imum.year snowmelt
rates for the Spar Gulch analysis are compared with the 2-year and 5-year storm runoff values for Spar
Gulch on Figure S,
From this analysis, it is clear that the snowmelt rates from the new snow are well below even the 2-
year storm runoff values for Spar Gulch, or the combined Summer Ditch and Keno Gulch basin,
EXPECTED RUNOFF FROM NEW SNOW
Using the procedure outlined in the Handbook from the report "A Final Report on The Colorado Ski
Country USA Water Management Research Project," February 1986, we estimated the volume and
monthly distribution of runoft' fioom the new snow. The average water applied amounts to 7.23 inches
over the 56 acres of new snow area. The 6% initial spray loss amounts to 0.43 inches of water. Prior
to and during runoff an additional 1.25 inches otloss are expected, This leaves an expected total
Leonard. Rice Consulting Water Engineers, Inc.
AUG 01 '97 11:56AM L R~ E
.~
P,8
Preliminary Report on thE: Potential Impact of New Snowmaking
August 1, 1997
Page 5
runoff amount of 5,55 inches, The component parts are shown on Figure 9. Additional losses would
be expected as the runoff travels down the mountain via Spar Gulch, otthrough the Summer Ditch and
down Keno Gulch,
The runoffpattem is expected to o~ur d\liini April through June, Figure 10 shows the rates oftlow
which vvould resultjusr below the 40.4 acres of new snow area above the Summer Ditch. The average
monthly rates of flow peak in April at 0.30 cu. Since this is well within the capacity of the Summer
Ditch, we would expect that it would be conveyed to Keno Gulch. However, the ditch itself would
be expected to leak, and there would be additional losses due to evapotranspiration along the ditch and
within the Keno Gulch basin, so the peak flow at the mouth of Keno Gulch would be less than 0,30
cfs.
The ~ted timing of runoff JUSt below the two acres ofnew snow area which are tributary to Copper
Gulch are shown on Figure 11. The flow would peak in April at O.ol 5 cfs. Additional losses would
be expected to occur durinil the flow path down Copper Gulch, This is a very small (neilligibie) rate '
of flow, which may not even make it to the confluence of Copper and Spar Gulches, let alone the
mouth of Spar Gulch at the City of Aspen.
OTHER CONSIDERATIONS
It is believed that the storm runoff which will occur from Aspen Mountain will be generated by
thunderstorm rainfall, rather than from snowmelt. This is addressed in the 1973 Wright-McLaughlin
master plan, which shows that rainfall runoff is much greater than the snowmelt runoff f(lt selected
areas. Thunderstorms are expected to occur in mid to late summer, after most of the snow has melted.
It is also clear from the above analysis that the majority of the runoff from the new snow will occur
during April, which is much earlier in the year,
It is, however, possible for rainfall events to occur when snow is still on the ground. When this
happens, the rain helps melt some of the snow, which then contributes to the runoff. The new snow
will be among the first snow on the mountain. If a raiofall storm happened when there was plenty of
snow on the mountain (several feet for example), then the new snow would not make any difference
in the amount of runoff, since the snow on the top would be affected by the rainfall. If the rainfall
storm happened when there was not much snow on the ground, then it Is possible that the new snow
could make a difference in the amount of runoff which would occur. It is likely that the added snow
will increase the time that snow is on the ground by a few days to possibly a week. This increases
slightly the time that rain-on. snow storm events could OCcur,
Leonard iUce Consulting Water Engineers, lnc,
AUG 01 '97 11:57AM L RH E:
,~
P,9
Preliminary Report on the Potential Impact of New Snowmaking
August 1.1997
Pap 6
CONCLUSION
From the above qualitative analyses, we bellevethat the S6 acres ohewartificial snow which is
proposed by ASC Will not have any significant effect on the runoff from the Aspen Mountain, either
in the Spar OuIch basin, or the Keno Oulch basin.
FUe: SNOWMELT.RPT
Attachments: LRCWE Tables 1 through 7, LRCWE Figum 1 though II, and LRCWE Backup (24
pages).
Leonard Rice Consulting Water Engineers, Inc.
AUG 01 '97 11:57AM L R~ E
~
Aspen Sl<ling Company
Preliminary
Table 1
estimate of Water U...dfor existing Snowmaking
Operations On Aspen Mountain
Less Remainder
November water Average Use Assumed for Projected
Through Purchased @ Ruthie's Snowmaklng on Snowmaklng on
January From Aspen Restaurant 180 EXISTlNG ACRES 58 NEW ACRES
(Million Gallons) I MWACra (Million Gallon~
1983-84 18.S50 -0.276 18.374 0,102 5.116
1984-85 19,560 -0,216 19,284 0,107 5,999
1985086 2U16 -0,276 28.5040 0,159 8,879
1986.87 30.222 -0,276 211,946 0,166 9,317
1987-88 38,250 .0,276 37,914 0,211 11.814
1lil88.89 37,146 .0,276 37.470 0.206 11.657
1989.90 ' 52,992 .0,276 52,116 0.293 16,401
1990-91 39.546 .0,276 39.270 0,218 12,217
1991-92 40,738 -0,276 40,462 0,225 12,588
1992.93 45,996 -0,276 45,120 0,254 14,224
1993.94 53,710 .0,216 53,434 0,297 16,624
1994.95 24,672 -0,276 24,396 0.136 7,590
1995.96 37,813 -0,276 37,337 0,207 11.616
199MI7 34,116 -0.276 33,840 0,188 10.528
.
Average 35,1102 -0,276 35,626 0,198 11,084
Maximum 53,710 .0,276 53,434 0.297 16,624
Minimum 18,650 .0,276 18,314 0.102 5,716
Notes, Constants, and Calculations;
01-Nov First day for restaurant's water use
31.Jan Last day for restaurant's waler use
92 oays for restaurant water use
30,000 Gallons used for restaurant use every 10 days,
180 Aores of existing snowmaklnll area .
58 Acres of new snowmaklng area
Leonard RIce Consulting water Engineers, Inc,
( Printed 31..Jul-97)
P,10
July 30, 1997
= 34,01 AcFt
= 51,02 AcFt
.. 17,54 AcFt
File: Snow_RO.WB1
AUG 01 '97 11'S8AM L R ?""\ E
,........"
P,11
Aspen Skiing Com~v
Preliminary
July 30, 1997
Table, 2
Summary of Reported & Estimated Storm Runoff Amounts
,
Tributary 2.Year Runoff 5. Year Runoff 10o-Year Runoff
ellSin 10 & OesCription EnginHr Year Area
(Acres) (Cf'8) 1 (AcFt) (CI'l:l) I (ACl't) (Cl'lI) I (Acf't)
1A (Spar Gulch 0 Elev 8,000') Wright-Mclaughlin (a) 1973 590 22 3,1 302 27,4
A,S&C (Copper & Spar Gulches) Ree.cas&ens (b) 1985 551.8 10.2 32.8 195,4
~B,C,O,&E (Spar@ L Nell) Rea.calsens (b) 1985 879,3 15.6 4e.Q 314,9
Keno Gulch Natural Basin LRCWE (c) 1997 254 8 17 124
Summer Gulch Intercepted Area lRCwe (c) 1997 248 7 17 121
<II) "City of Aspen, Urban Runoff Management Plan," Augusl1973,
(b) "Aspen Mountain Lodge, 700 Soulll Galena Street. Top of Mill ane! UleCity PlaCII, Storm Water Drainage Repllrt," January 1985,
(c) Very preliminary estimate by leonard Rice Consulting Water Engineers basad on un~ values by Wright-Mclaughlin & Rea-C$S$ens,
Leonard Rice Consulting Water Engineera, Inc,
( PrlnllCl31.Jul.97 )
File: Sno\'U~O.WB1
AUG 01 '97 1l:58AM L R ~,E
.---
Alpen Skiing Company
Preliminary
Table 3
Summary of Tributary Area. (Acres):
Keno Gulch at Cutlt Creek-
254 Natural tributary area
248 Imported from Spar Gulch via Summer Ditch
502 Total
Sl)ar, Copper,and Vallejo Gulch..-
183 copper Gulch's tributary area
344 NIItural tributary of Spar G above Copper G
83 Spar Gulch balow Copper G, at Little Nell Run
47 SlIVer Queen Area at Lltl1e Nell Run
657 Total Spar and Copper Gulch.
.248 Spar G expcrted to KenoG via Summer 0
409 Total Spar & Copper less exported Summer D
8nowmaking Area-
9,0 Out of Buin to the East
4,6 Out of Basin to the Southwest
2,0 Tributary to Copper Gulch
40,4 Tributary to Spar Gulch & Summer Ditch
56 Total
56 Oneok against acres of new snowmaklng area
124,5 Area that the 56 acres of new snowmaklng occupies
New Snowmakin Area Bar Graph:
Percent of Total
50.60%
49,40%
, IlO,OO%
27,85%
52,:38%
12.63%
7,15%
911,911%
16,07%
8.21%
3,57%
72,14%
99,99%
o aa
4,6 export to SW
2,0 To Copper Gulch
40.4 To Summer 0 & Spar G
56
otal Where it Dl'ains
S ar Gulch Tributa Area Bar Gra h:
657
6 , otal of Parts
otll II Lilll Com onent Parts
Keno Gulch Tributa Area Bar Gra h:
P.12
July 30, 1997
8,21%
3,57%
72,14%
99,99%
93,55%
502
I. c.... Com nent Parts
Leonard Rice Consultinll Water Engineers, Ine,
( Printed 31.Jul.97 )
41.35%
50,80%
File: Snow_RO.WB1
AUG 01 '97 11:'59F1M L R~ E:
,-,
P.13
Aspen Skiing Company
Preliminary
July 30, 1997
Table 4
Hlstorleal Snow Coul'$e (Snowtel) Data for Aspen Mountain- Gage Named "Aspen" (a) Fer
Compared with Water Equh,alent of New Snow Over Spar Gulch Basin Comparison,
Averege
Water
Febl\laly 1 Report March 1 Rlport April 1 Rlport MIIY 1 Report Equivalent
of Nft,
Snow OYer
Snow Water Snow Water Snow W.ter Snow Waler SpeI' Guloh
vear Oate Depth EqUivalan Date Capth Equlvalan Cata, Oapth Equivalent Oata Oepth EQuivalent Balin
I (lnehn) (Inohee) (InClh..) (Inch.s) (!nches) (Inches) (InClhes) (Inches) (Inch..)
1980 1.26 SO 8,3 2.25 59 17,4 3-25 71 19.6 4028 53 1S.3 0,44
1961 1.25 25 4,8 2.25 34 8,8 3-25 45 10,1 4026 46 15,6 0,44
1962 1.26 55 1S,7 2.25 8S 18,4 3-25 68 22,4 4028 ee 20.9 0,44
1963 1.28 24 4.1 2.23 34 7,5 3-30 38 10,6 4-24 34 10,5 0,44
1964 1.25 32 8,4 2.22 38 9,1 3-22 48 12.2 4-27 45 12,8 0,44
1965 1.28 51 14,5 2-28 as 18,5 3-29 95 25.1 4027 78 23,5 0,44
1966 1-28 35 9,4 2.25 41 1o.s 3-28 41 12,0 4-27 38 12,0 0,44
1967 1-29 44 10.0 2-27 57 17,5 3-29 49 18.e 4-28 45 18,1 0.44
1988 1.29 38 8,5 2.28 47 12.3 3-29 48 13,1 4-28 ee 2M 0,44
1969 1-28 84 12.5 2-28 52 16,4 3-29 58 1S,2 4027 42 18,0 0,44
1970 1.28 45 13,0 2.25 52 1S,8 3-29 61 18,0 4-28 72 26,7 0,44
1971 1.28 41 12,3 2.26 8.1 19,8 3-29 70 24,9 4-28 56 17,9 0,44
1972 1.28 44 12.3 H6 51 15,4 3-28 51 18,7 4-28 53 21,7 1).44
1973 1.28 41 11.4 2.28 42 12,2 3-27 54 11,7 4028 59 21,0 0,44
1974 1.28 51 13.4 2-25 54 15.7 3-29 39 19,9 4-28 80 24,7 0,44
1975 1-28 48 10,9 2-25 52 14.7 3-28 72 21.4 4-28 81 21,6 0,4<1'
1976 1.28 40 10,3 2-25 54 115.0 3-28 58 18,7 4-27 55 23.0 0,44
1977 1-27 20 2,3 2.25 30 U 3-29 45 12,0 4-28 24 a.5 0.44
1978 1-28 50 14,4 2.25 52 16,1 3-26 71 26,7 NS 0.44
1979 1-28 53 15,2 2.24 57 16,8 3-28 54 17,4 4-27 52 18.5 0.44
1980 1-27 35 8,1 2-26 56 14,0 3-26 58 18.4 4-28 53 19.0 0.44
1981 1.26 15 3,3 2-23 22 4,9 3-26 35 8,7 4-25 S1 10.4 0.4<1
1982 1.26 46 12,6 2-24 46 15.2 3-26 58 19,4 4-26 59 22.2 0,44
1983 1.24 28 6,6 2-23 38 a.a 3-25 58 19,4 4025 58 18.4 0,44,
1964 Gaae Oisccntinued
IlIverage 39,6 U 47,9 13.4 56,4 17,6 52.3 18,2
Maximum 64 15,2 63 19,8 95 2e.7 76 28,7
Minimum 15 2,3 22 4.9 35 6.7 24 U
Avg '83-'77
Avg '80.'77
41
40
10,1
9,9
48
49
13,7
13,7
55
58
17,3
17,3
52
53
18,4
18.3
(a) SCS Gage "Aspen" -. Colorado River Basin (Roaring Fork) Gage No, 061<22, Lal39 Deg 9 Min. Long 108 Oeg 49 Min.
Located on Aspen Mountain at Ski Lift Number 3. See 7, T11 S, R84W, elevation 9,700 feet,
Leonard Riee Consulting Water Engineer\!, Inc:.
(Printed 31.Jul-97)
File: Sncw_RQ,WB1
AUG 01 '97 11:S9AM L R~ E
~
P,14
Aspen Skiing Company
I"rellminary
July 30. 1997
Tlble 15 I
Hlatorlcal Snow Course (Snowtel) Cata for Aspen Mountain- Gage Nama "Lift" (a) For
Compared with Water Equivalent of New Snow Over Spar Gulch Basin Comparison.
Average
Walar
February 1 Report March 1 RepOrt April 1 Raport May 1 Report EquiYllant
of NlIW
Snow Over
Snow WafM Snow w.tar Snow Water Snow Water Spar Gulch
vear Data Depth equivalent Date Depth EquiYalem Oate Ctpth Equivalent Date Ctpth Equivalam Basin
(Inchl.) (Incht.) (Inch"! (Inchl.) (Inch..) (Inches) (Inc....) Qnahlls) (Inchell)
.
llla7 2-01 63 17,9 3-01 8S 21,8 4-01 78 28,4 0,44
,1958 2-28 56 13,3 3-31 64 16,8 0,44
1959 2.01 31 6,' 2-26 45 10,5 3-26 45 13,5 0,44
1960 1.26 28 7,6 2.25 41 10,2 3-25 53 15,6 4-26 35 10,8 0.44
1981 1.27 32 8,' 2-23 50 10,6 3-27 57 16.6 4-27 82 19,1 0.44
1982 1-27 68 15.8 2.23 82 21,0 3-28 81 30,3 4-23 83 28,3 0.44
1963 1.28 21 2,9 :lo23 34 6,4 3.30 40 10,8 4.24 3S 12,2 0,44 '
1954 1.25 33 7,3 2.22 39 8,8 3-22 57 16,8 4.27 50 18,2 0,44
1985 1.28 53 18,9 2-28 58 19,9 3-29 103 29,9 4-27 80 28,0 0,44
19S8 1.28 34 9,2 2.25 40 11,3 3-28 43 12.9 4.27 38 11,4 0.44
1987 1.29 43 10,9 2.27 59 16.0 3-29 50 19,3 4-28 53 18,2 0,44
1968 1.29 34 B.5 2/28 45 12.4 3129 47 14,3 4128 68 22,3 0,44
1989 1.28 58 12,7 2/28 49 17,0 3/29 54 18,1 4127 43 16,4 0,44
1970 1.28 43 12,9 2/2S 53 15,2 3/29 63 17,5 4128 70 24,9 0,44
1911 1/28 42 12.0 2/28 58 15;3 3/29 es 20,7 4128 81 21,2 0.44
1972 1/28 42 11.0 2/28 50 13.9 3/28 49 14.4 4128 50 17,7 0.44
1973 1/28 38 10,2 2/26 42 10,8 3/27 55 17,0 4/28 82 22,2 0.44
1974 1/28 44 12,8 2/25 47 13,7 3/29 48 16.0 4138 45 17,0 0,4.4
1975 1/28 40 10,1 2/25 46 13,3 3/28 81 28,3 4128 80 20.2 0,44
1978 1/28 34 10.3 2/25 43 14,5 3128 52 '17,0 4/27 46 19,3 0,44
\11977 1/27 23 3,5 2/25 30 5,0 3/29 39 10,2 4128 30 9,7 0.44
1978 1/28 52 15,1 2125 50 15,93/28 59 20,4 NS 0,44
1979 1/28 42 12,3 2/24 48 13,6 3/28 74 21,7 4127 56 22,2 0,44
1980 1/27 43 11,3 2126 68 17.8 3/28 69 23,0 4128 58 23,8 0,44
1981 1/28 24 5.4 2/23 29 a,s 3126 46 12,4 4125 38 14,8 0.44
1982 1/28 54 21.8 2/24 56 19,0 3126 68 23.6 4/28 !l4 28,2 0.44
1983 1/24 33 8,8 2123 48 12.8 3/25 71 20,4 4/25 85 23,0 0.44
1984 1/25 55 19,6 2124 68 23,2 3/24 82 29.8 4/26 87 33,0 0,44
1985 1/25 48 15,4 2/23 82 18,S 3/23 88 21,6 4124 67 22.8 0.44
Averagll 41.3 11,3 50,4 14,2 80,0 19,1 5/1,3 20,0
Maximum 88,0 21,8 82,0 23,2 103.0 3Q.3 87,0 33,0
Minimum 21,0 2.9 29,0 5,0 39.0 10,2 30.0 9,1
Avg '83-'77
AV9 '57.'77
39
40
10,1
10.3
46
49
13,0
13,5
55
51
17,4
18,1
53 '
54
18,8
8.8
(a> SCS Gage 'Lilt" - Colorado River Basin (Roaring Fork) Glge No, oeK27 Lat 39 Deg 11 Min. Lon9 10e Deg 51 Mill,
L.ocallld OJ'! AsplIn Mountain at east of Sundecll, Seo 7, f11S. ~84W, alllvsllon 11,250 feet.
Leonard ~ice Co"auKillg Water Engineers. Ino.
( Printed 31.Jul-97 >
File: Snow_RO.wS1
AUG 01 '97 12:00PM L R~ E
,.-.,
P,15
Aapen Skiing company
Preliminary
July 30, 1997
Table 8
Water ~quiv.l.nt of New Snow
Sp....d 0\1., the Major Tributary BIIlns
Area of Water Wiler
Total New Snow EqUivlllent Equivalent
Description of Beein Tributary Inoluded in New Snow Over Conclusion
Arel Thll e.sin In This Buin 'MIole Basin
(Acres) (Acr8I) (a) (Acflt) (Inehe.)
Spar, Copper and Vallejo Gulches 857 42.4 24.03 0,44 Not Significant
Keno Gulch, including import from
Spar Gulch via Summer Ditch 502 40,4 22,89 0,55 Not Significant
31,73 Water Equivalent of 56 Acres of New Snow Area After 6% Spray Loss,
(a) In the eaM of the Spar-CopperNallejo Gulch analysis, the Summer DitGh is not considered. so 42,4 acres of
new snow lIrell contribute to the whole Spar Gulch basin, as does the entire am tributary to the Summer Ditch,
Leonard Rice Consulting Water Engineers, Ine,
(Printed 31.,JUI.97)
File: Snow_RO.wB1
AUG 01 '97 12:00PM L ~,W E
~,
P,16
Aspen Skiing Company
Prellminel'Y
August 1, 1997
Table 7
Average Rates of Flow'for Melting of "New" Snow
40,4 Acl'llll
.8 11.54 5,77 3,85 1.65 0.82 0,38 0,26
7,52 23,07 11.63 6,81 3.88 HI6 0,83 0.39 0,26
11,27 34.60 17,44 8,72 5,81 2.49 1.25 0,58 0.39
3.88 11,90 8.00 3,00 2,00 0.88 0,43 0,20 0.13
42,4 Aores
7, 4,0 12,11 6,06 4,04 1.73 0,81 0.40 0,21
7,89 24,21 12.20 El,10 4,07 1.74 0,87 0,41 0,27
11.83 3el,31 18,31 9,15 el,10 2.62 1.31 0,61 0,41
4,07 12,49 6.29 3,15 2,10 0.90 0.45 0,21 0,14
(I) After 6% spray 1088,
(b) In the Olse of the Spar.Copper.Vallejo Gulch analysis, the Summer Ditch is not considerecl. so 42,4 acres of
new snow area CO!1tribute to the whole Spar Gulch basin, as does the entire area tributaly to the Summer eitch,
Leonard Rice Consulting Water engineers, Inc.
( Printed 01-Au9-97l
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BACKUP DATA
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P,9
Leonard Rice Consulting Water Engineers, Inc.
AUG 1211 '97 12: 14PM L R ~ E
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P,ll21
Aspen Skiing Company
Preliminary
August 1, 1997
This Notebook Created by Leslie H. BotIIam, of
Leonai'd Rice Conaulting Water Engineers, Ine. 303: 4!lS . 9689
Purpose: Quantify Impact of Naw Snowmakingon Aspen Mt
ASSUMPTIONS FOR THIS QUATTRO 5,0 FO~ WINDOWS NOTEBOOK:
Fill: SnowJ~O.WB1
30-Jui-97 l.nt Update
Plowratts and Volum..:
1.9836 Acre FeetperCFS_Day
449 Gallons per Minute per CFS
7,48 Gallons per Cubic Foot
325,860 Gallons per Acre Foot
O,84e272 Million Gallons per Day (MGD) per CFS
Time:
1,440 Minutes per Cay
88,400 Seconds per Day
Lengths and Amll:
840 Acru per Square Miie
5,280 Feet per Mile
43,560 Square Feet per Acre
Mlso.laneoul:
3,21 Feet of Water per Found I Sqare Inch (PSI)
82,4 Pounds per Cubio Foot of Water @ eo Deg F
32,2 Gravitational Acceleration Constant
2 Rounding Constant
Specific to this workbook:
01-Nov Firat day for restaurant's water use
31-Jan Ullt day for restaurant's water use
30,000 Gallons used for restaurant use every 0 days,
180 Acres of existing snowmaking area'
56 Acres of new snowmaking area
1 0 Days per O-glllon water-use block of time for restaurant.
11 Million gallons per year for new snowmaking area
8% Spray LOllS
Leonard Rice Consulting Water Engineers, Ino,
( Printed 01-Aug-97 )
File: Snow_RO.wS1
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CITY OF ASPEN, BOX V
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WAIGHT-M=I-AU13HLIN .NGINIliEiAS
I!NClINIlERING CCN*UL.TANTS
CENVER, cell.CRACC
AUGUST, 1873
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700 SOUTH GALENA STREET,
TOP OF 111LL MID UTE CITY PLACE
STORt,! \lATER ORAIIIME REPORT
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PREPARED BY
REA, CJ\S.SENS AND rlSSOCIATES, INC.
CONSUl. TING ENGINEERS
4388 SOUTH W!NIlEP.l1ERE STReeT
ENGLE\oIOOO, COLORAOO 80110
789~41\28
1-800~332~9&96
201 N. HILL ST.
SUITE 207 JEROME PRUFESSIOHAL BUILOIMG
ASPEN, COLORADO 81611
925-~799
January, 1985,
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WRIGHT WATER
ENGINEERS. INC.
~490 W, ::!6"~1 AVE, 100A
DENV!R. co 80211
(.30.3)480,..1700
DRAWN DSlS
CHICK .JVVR
OAT! 119&
SCALI" .--zOOO'
FIGlJRE 1
INDEX MAP
ASPEN MUSIC SCHOOL DEBRIS FLOW
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WET AND RAVELUNG IN AFTERNOON-
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ORIG, STABLE GROUND
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COVER, CLEARED OUT AREI TIMBER
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~ BEDROCK HEAD SCARP
\: 39' SLOPE
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46' ORIGIN
SLOPE TO I
NOTES: WHERE AS FIELD ESTIMATES WERE
HORIZONTAL MEASUREMENTS, THE EASToV
SKETCH MAY BE DISTORTED AND MAY BE 2
OVERALL TREND OF CHANNEL HEADISCARI
OVERALL SLOPE OF CHANNEL HEADlSCAR'oLD MADE MAY 17,1996 AFTER THE DEBRIS FLOW
1 AND 14.
;WM: WIlIGHT WATER E FIGURE'
. . .2490 W. 26TH AV~. SOURCE OF KENO GULCH DEBRIS FLOW
. DENVER, CO 8021pEN MUSIC SCHOOL DEBRIS FLOW '
(303)480-1700
961-062.000
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ArJY!" Mwlir. ~lttJt'JI o./',.i!r P1ww
and Alan Chleborad, landslide experts with the USGS; and others. There seems to be some
differences in the various opinions as to the imminenco of the slide and the degree of danger
from it Suffice it to say that the AMS personnel took tho wamlng seriously and went on the
alert.
Bill Savage and Alan ChIeborad (personal communication May 29, 1996) estimated the volume
of the landslide as 70,000 cubic meters. Field evidence indicates only ono-third to one-half of
the material hac1 releasod as of May 17, 1996.
Mr. Blanning (personal communication May 26,1996) set seme monitoring stations on the head
ICl1lp of the slide and said he neted movements of two feet, four foet, and eight feet on sucbessive
days (apparently Friday, Satl1rday, and Sunday) leading up to the Monday event.
On May 14, Tuesday, after tho Monday event but before the Tuesday afternoon event, many of
the people revisited the site, and Art Mears and Jeff Hynes inspoctlld the slide and the, channol
do'Wn to the AMS campus.
On May 17. Robin VerSchnoider and John Rold visited the slide and spent most of the day
mapping, photographing and evaluating it (Figure 3). The landslide represents a typical example
.of an alpine landslide which became a debris tlow, The rapid snow melt infiltrated the landslide
initiating slew movement, cracking. and bulain& for several days. The Clacks and d.ilation
1I1l0wed additional water to Mther satu:lte the slide totlte point where it mobilized as a very
fluid debris flow. On the 300 slope, it qllictcly would have attainod a high velocity with
considerable erosive Power, When it reaohed the confluence with the Spar Gulch drainage
diVllrSion. the additio~ water provided greater fluidity.
Art Mears and Jeff Hynes, who visited the ~te Tuesday afternoon between the two events, each
separately related to WWE thoir hypothesis of the conversion of the landslide to a debrii flow.
Wl'i,ht Wat'" En,in./II'IIJDhn W. Rold
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Each felt that the landslide had slowly oozed downhill to the junction of the Spar Gulch drainage
channel where it plugied or dammed the channel. The additional water then mobilized the
landslide, tuming it into the debris flow. They actually felt this might be beneficial overall
becaUlle the channel water would mobilize small portions of the slide, a little at a time, as it
moved down. This would release the ma.terial in small, sepamte surges, thereby avoiding a
Iaracr, more catastrophic event.
Based on a detailed she il'.spectiol1, WWE believes the field evidence (Figure 3} belies this
interpretation and indicates that the landslide became a debris flow in essentially its original
location and was a debris flow before it reached the Spar Gulch di....ersion cbllm1el.
1. Su.""ficient water would have been available from the rapid snowmelt to mobilize the
landslide. Considerable snow would also have been incorporated into the la."ldslide and
debris flow.
2. The narrow channel between the landslide site and the junction would more likely have been
caused by the erosion from a debris flow than movement of a landslide mass, Mud spatters
found on trees above the clwulel indicate a high velocity.
3. Ma.terials left in the channel indicate they were remnants of a debris flow, not a landslide
mass,
4. Messrs. Mears and Hynes and others visited the site around noon Tuesday. The slide mass
wu then 200 feet to 400 feet above the confluence ~th Spar Gulch. In the three to. four
hours until the next event, the material would have to have moved at a rate of SO feet to 100
feet an hour to reach the junction, fonn a dam, and mobilize. At anywhere near that velocity,
the material would have mobilized;,
W,I,hl W"t" Engi,.,>'IIIJoItn IV. Rold
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thick. Only a very few boulders larger than 18 inches Kross were noted either in the debris flow.
deposit or the landslide material.
CONCLUSIONS
1. The landslide and the debris flow y.>erc dominantly a natural event caused by rapid melt of an
unusually high spring 1996 snowpack (139 percent of the 20.year average).
2. Field evidence indicates that the landslide had mobilized into ~ debris flow before it reached
the confluence with the Spar Oulch diversion channel. Therefore. although the Spar Gulch
diversion water may have increased the fluidity of the material. it was not the cause of the
landslide, or debris flow.
, 3. The occurrence, magnitude, and behavior of the two debris flow events dift'er little from
predictions Art Mears made in 1989 and 1993.
4. Under the adverse conditions that existed, staff of the AMS made a reasonable emergency
response to the event.
S. The old mine accesa road above the landslide head scarp may have exacerbated the problem
by conc:entrating drai~ge into the landslide ma. Material removed from the road cut above
the slide may have been dumped over the side and may bve exacerbated the landslide
process.
, .
6. Approximately one.half to two-thirds of the landslide mass remains uphill in Keno Gulch.
Another spring of rapid melt of a laraer-than.averqe snowpack or an intense or prolonged '
thunderstorm event could triiller additional debris flows ,similar to, or even somewhat larger
W~lght Wmllr Engl_r8lJohn W, Rold
Par'U
AUG 01 '97 12:24PM L R~ E
Alpen Skiing Company
Leonard Rice COn&Ulting Water Engineers, Ine, ( Printed 31.Jul.97 )
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REI..AT10NSHIP 8ETWEEN PRECIPITATION ANO EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
OURING THE WINTER SEASON AT eOI,.ORAOO SKI AREAS
(Reproduced trom F lI;ur. IU -24, -An Approach to Water
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Troendle Clnd I,.laf, 1980 l
RELATIONSHIP SETWEEN PRECIPITATION ANO EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
OURING THE S~G SEASON AT COI,.ORAOO $1<1 AREA S
(Reproduced from Fi9ure III-aS, "An Approach to Wet.r
Resource. Evaluation of Non-Point SilvlculturClI Sources"
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,""""
.smd~;oj
FIGURE
4
FlEL.ATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRECIPiTATION ANC EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
CURING THE SUMMER AND FAL.L. SEASON AT eOL-ORAOO SKI AREAS
(Repro ced fram Figure 111-26, "An 'Approach to Water
Rucur 8S Evaluation of Non-Point Silviculturol Sources"
Troendle and L.eaf I 1980'
10
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SEASONAl.. PRECIPITATION, INCHES
12
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-37-
FIGURE e.
RELATIONSHIP BEiWEEN FOREST COVER DENSITY (Cel) ANO
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION MODIFIER COEFFICIENT (m)
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FOJltE5T COVER OENSITY (CeI)
NOTE' FOR EAST-WEST ,t,SPECrs INTEAPOI.AT!
Ie:TWUN THE NOATH-SOUTH L.IN!!.
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AUG01 '97 12:35PMLRCWE: .",-" ..'..,..." -,-........ P8
~ .31. ~~
RlCAT10NSNIP 8ETWEE~I'~~~;SE~ l\lAPOTRANSPIRATION ~
AND QUANTITY OF MAN-MADE SNOW FOR AVERAGE, WET
AND ORY YEARS
e
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WATER aOU1VAI.ENT OF MAN-MACE SNOW(in,)
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AUG 101 '97 12:35PM L RK E
.43.
Table 1
CRITERIA TABLE
,-,
P.9
Guide to r.f.renct tabl.s for us. in distributing the change of runoff and
evopotranspiration due to .no"moking over the time period October 1 to June '30
Average Annual
precipi tat ion
( inChes)
l.oootion
)35
Wat and
East Slope.
East Slope
West Slope
~O.. 35
'30- 35
'30
Eaat Slope
Use Reference
Table
for
Snowmas. -( Table' e )
l..ake Eldora-tTeble. '3)
Winter Parlt-{T(lble-7)
or Voil"{Table" S)
(Use the one clesest to yellr area)
Conqullltador -(Table-a)
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1 '97
1 :36PM L R
Summa.ry of Snow
Survey Measurements
Colorado and New Mexico
II ;/r!. j; <:..
7'('- Ot:r
1971 - 1977
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U.S. Department of Agriculture
Soil Conservotiol'l'Service
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AUG 01 '97 12:38PM L R~ E
Aspen Skiln; Company
Table A
Capacity of Summer Ditch
Ael.imited by 1tlI18" CMP
Headwater
to Cia meter Depth at Estimated
Ratio Inlet Discharge
HWID (Feet) (CFS)
0,5 0.15 1,8
0,6 0,90 2,5
0.7 1.05 3.3 '
0,8 1.20 4,1
1,0 1.50 5.9
1,5 2,25 9.0
2,0 3,00 11,2
.
Assumptions:
Inlet Control
Projecting Inlet
18 Inches, Size of CMP Culvert
Leonai'd Rice ConSUlting Water Engineel'l, lnc,
( Printed 31.Jul.91 )
~
7
7
7
1
1
1
7
11
17
17
17
17
17
17
121
121
121
121
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121
121
P.13
July 30, 1997
File: 'SnowJ:tO.WB1
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10,000
8.000
&,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
EXAMPLIi
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HEADWATER DEPTH FOR
C. M. PIPE CUL.VERTS
WITH INL.ET CONTROL.
8URt;AU QF' PUBLIC ROADS ...."" 111$:1
,-as
K
1"""-,
Aspen
,~,
199
Mountain
7
Master
Plan
.,,"
;;i. '-r,- ..
'...'- ......"'!" iI' ".
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A u g U 5 t 1, 19 9 7
Tapa of Sundeck
Area(Attached)
Photo of Aspen Mountain circa 1958 courtesy of Apen Historical Society
f""",
.~.
1 9 9 7
A spen Mountain Master Plan
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A u g u s t 1, 19 9 7
Sundeck Facility and Operations
Photo of Aspen Mountain circa 1958 courtesy of Apen Historical Society
('\
i~i
Aspen Skiing Company
PLlI11llllg & Dc\ clOpl11Cllt
Memo
To: Brent Gardner-Smith, Planner for Community Affairs
From: Bill Kane, Vice President, Planning and Development
Date: 08/01/97
Re: Sundeck Facility Building Program and Operational Description, Additional
Infomation
Attached please find a revised Aspen Mountain Sununit Program generated by Cottle,
Graybeal and Yaw, The program has changed since the Aspen Mountain Master Plan was
originally submitted, primarily to avoid slopes over 30%,
Additional architectura1 detail will be submitted to the County upon request to aide in the
master plan review, however, as Cindy Houben notes in her July 11, 1997 letter, "the Sundeck
proposal, to apply for Commercial GMQS, is acceptable," It will be appropriate during the
GMQS process to present final architectura1 detail and to determine at that time, appropriate
employee generation mitigation,
I do understand, however, that as part of the additional information package submitted to the
County on August I, 1997, there is additional employee generation information based upon
the current Sundeck program,
In regard to the County's request for more information about uight use of the Sun deck and the
Silver Queen Gondola, I have had extensive discussions with Eric Calderon, General Manager
of the Little Nell, who is responsible for operations at the new Sundeck facility, and have
subsequently developed the following information,
The program includes a cafeteria or scramble operation that it is the same size as the current
facility (225 seats) and will employ the same number of employees, The physical area will be
re-designed so it is more efficient from several perspectives, including food preparation,
serving and cashiering,
In addition to a replacement of the existing cafeteria service, there will be two new dining
facilities at the Suhdeck. The first is a sit down dining room with 100 seats that is open to the
public for both lunch and dinner, The restaurant will be named ''Benedict's'' in honor of Fritz,
Fabi and the Benedict family,
. Page 1
I"""".
.~,
The second facility is a sit down dining room with 100 seats that is currently being called the
''Hayden Room." The Hayden Room will be used as a private lunch room during the day and
as a public banquet room during the evening,
The Hayden Room will be available for use at lunch only by members of a new club concept
that is being planned. The new club will offer its members benefits at a variety of Aspen
Skiing Company facilities, such as ski concierge service at The Little Nell and signing
privileges at the Snowmass Lodge and Club, Lunch at the Hayden Room is only one aspect of
the club concept.
Both Benedict's and the Hayden Room will serve lunch in the winter, In the summer, only the
Hayden room will serve lunch. Benedict's will be closed. (The summer lunch business is not
strong enough to support two sit-down facilities,)
Both Benedict's and the Hayden Room will be open for public banquet service at night in the
winter and in the summer, The Hayden Room, then, is essentially a private lunch facility only
and is part of the larger public Sundeck facility in the evening,
We are proposing that the gondola and the overall Sundeck facility be allowed to operate for
up to 100 nights in the winter season and 100 nights in the summer season, The winter season
on Aspen Mountain is now typically 150 days long and the summer season is typically 100
days long, The reason the number of potential nights of operation is the same for both seasons
- despite the varying number of days in each - is because summer is a stronger season for
group business,
The gondola will be operating solely to transport dining patrons in organized groups to the
Sundeck facility - the only planned activity at the summit. There are no meetings or
conference services planned. There are no other night time activities planned for the summit
than banquet-style dining,
Dining at the Surtdeck will be primarily for organized group banquet-style dining, The average
size of a group that books one of the three rooms available for group functions - the Sundeck,
Benedict and Hayden rooms - is expected to be between 75 and 100 people,
However, there may one large banquet group on any given night - up to 400 people - but no
more than that, While there are 425 seats in the total planned facility, the kitchen facility will
be designed to handle no more than 400 dinners at one time, If a group of 400 does book the
facility, they will be accommodated between the three different rooms,
It should be noted, that while architectural work is still ongoing, it is likely that the Sundeck
Restaurant and Benedict's will be adjoining rooms separated be a removable wall. If this is the
case, it would provide the opportunity to handle group banquets of between 225 and 325
people in one room,
.'
On any given night, there may also be three smaller groups that book the different rooms
available for banquets - the Sundeck Restaurant, Benedict's and the Hayden Room, This is a
. Page 2
~
~
far more likely scenario than one large group booking the facility given our expe#ence to date
with banquet business at the Sundeck.
It is not anticipated, however; that either during the 100 night summer season or the 100 night
winter season window of operations, that all three function rooms would be booked on any
given night. Indeed, the current business plan for the group banquet facility on top of Aspen
Mountain calls for the Sundeck Restaurant to be in use for 45 nights during the summer and
30 nights during the winter, for Benedict's to be in use for 25 nights during the summer and 30
nights during the winter, and for the Hayden Room to be in use for 30 nights in summer and
40 nights in winter,
The 100 night ''window'' for planned operations in both winter and summer is just that. Actual
use may be less than a total of 200 nights but will not exceed that. It is important to provide a
large window in order to provide flexibility in scheduling of banquet business and to provide
flexibility for weather-related shutdowns,
It will be the sole discretion of the ski patrol team on duty to make a "go/no-go" call each by
5:00 p,m, as to whether or not their will be night operations based on weather and operating
conditions, We anticipate that within the 100 day operating window in the winter, there may
be as many as 20 nights, or more, when the patrol makes a "no-go" call, The patrol will have
complete authority to make this decision based on stonns in progress or forecast.
There may be evenings, especially on Saturdays (travel day) in the winter, when there is no
group business available for evening banquets, It is anticipated, then, that on about 20% of
available evenings, it would be advantageous to be able to offer to the local community the
opportunity to experience evening dining on top of Aspen Mountain. The function of the
banquet-style operation would not change, Patrons would make reservations, would travel up
the gondola in the same manner as a previously organized group, and would be served from a
fixed menu at the same time, just as if they were a forma! group,
The advantages to banquet-style public dining at the Sundeck facility over an a a! carte type of
normal restaurant operation is that is provides for a fixed arrival and departure time on the
gondola, eliminates the need for the gondola to be running during the entire evening period of
operations, provides for a cleaner decision to be made regarding cancellation of dinner due to
inclement weather, and allows for more efficient dinner service during the necessary fixed-
time for dinner unique to this type of operation,
It is proposed then that there will be one seating for dinner at approximately 7:00 p,m, Patrons
must use the gondola between 5:00 p,m, and 7:00 p,m, to access the Sundeck facility, The
gondola will cease operation until 9:00 p,m, and will then resume operations to download
patrons between 9:00 and 11:00 p,m, The last ride down the gondola will be at 10:30 p,m,
During the evening hours of operation, all necessary mountain operations staff will be
provided, including lift operators, lift maintenance personnel and lift evacuation personnel.
There will be no uploading of ski equipment during the evening hours and no skiing or
snowboarding allowed down the mountain at night. No backcountry functions, such as cross-
. Page 3
,""""
.t"'"'\,
country skiing, are planned during night time operations, No one will be allowed to access the
gondola at night who is not having dinner or working at the Sundeck facility,
The banquet facilities will not be utilized during the day or the evening for business meetings
or conferences, The facilities are for banquet functions only,
. Page 4
f"""\
~
1 9 9 7
A spen Mountain Master Plan
"i,,;j;
,~..
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A u g u s t 1, 19 9 7
Employee Generation Analysis
Photo of Aspen Mountain circa 1958 courtesy of Apen Historical Society
1"""'.
.~
Aspen Skiing Company
Planning Department
Memorandum
To: Brent Gardner-Smith, Planner for Community Affairs
From: Chris Kiley, Transportation and Housing Planner
Date: Friday, August 1, 1997
Re: AMMP Employee Generation
Per the County's request, I have amended the employment figures for the 1997 Aspen
Mountain Master Plan to include Bonnie's, La Baits, ACES, and the current and proposed
Sundeck. I have also conducted an FTE analysis for the proposed Sundeck facility, I concur
with your recommendation that we meet with Housing Director Dave Tolen to review these
analyses in order to fully agree on all assumptions and calculations,
1"""'.
,......'\
,
1996-97 Aspen Mountain Emolovment - Current Conditions
Aspen Skiing Company Mountain Operations Employees - Current
Department' ,', ' " El'nploy<:eS'; .,Fiill"Tiine ' 'Pan;.'Firiie;, ,. ,
','" ." ,", '.:' ,'.,:::.~<. < >:',>,', ' . " '. . ' ,~,. "" ;:.:::~, '. '" i .:...:
...,.'.....'..,.. .
. .. ".'...n . . .,.......,...,...,'. .'
.. .. ..' ,':\'.
"
", ' , ,,',,' .. "
Lift Operations 70 62 I 8
Ski Patrol 31 31 0
Ticket Sales" 28 14 14
Guest Services 21 13 8
Lift Maintenance 10 10 0
Snowmaking 7 7 0
Winter Trails 14 14 0
Vehicle Shop 3 3 0
Ski School 125 100 25
Ski School Admin 4 4 0
Gondola Store 0 4 2 2
La Baita Retail 2 1 1
Mountain Photo' 30 14 16
Performance Center 5 5 0
Racing 5 3 2
Powder Tours 15 13 2
Administrative 0 3 2 1
Sundeck Restaurant- Winter" 34 14 20
Sundeck Restaurant- Summer' 17 7 10
Summer Operations' 11 11 0
Total 439 330 109
I Aspen Skiing Company typically uses 32 hours per week for full-time and 20 hours per week for part-time,
Departmen1s, unless noted, operate 150 days out of the year,
2 250 days per year
3 250 days per year
4 250 days per year
5 260 days per year
6 Based on 150 days of operation. Sundeck full-time shifts are 8 hours and part-time shifts are 4 hours,
7 Based on 100 days of operation. '
8 4 lift ops, 3 rangers, 2 lift maintenance, 2 ticket sellers,
ro,
,-,.
Non-Aspen Skiing Company Mountain Operations Employees- Current
The employees listed below work on Aspen Mountain for non-Aspen Skiing Company
operations,
, COmpany
Employees; ,..',Fu,Jl...T:inie ;;.Piitt-'Thne','
.".,
Bonnie's
40
54
4
2
100
20
2
2
2
26
20
52
2
o
74
, La Bait
ACES-Wint
ACES- Summer
Total
9 La Bai1a considers 40 hours per week as FT and 20 how:s as PT,
10 BOImie's employees worl<ing 32 hours per week are considered IT and 20 hours PT,
II ACES full-time employees work 30 hours per week and part-time employees work 12 hours,
/""',
I
,--.
Aspen Mountain Enmlovment - Pronosed Conditions
Aspen Skiing Company Mountain Operations Employees- Proposed
Department'zc EIriPloyees :FUll~Tfiijil:' ,.,Parl- Tiriie .,
'..' ',. ,',' . ..'
Lift Operations 74 66 8
Ski Patrol 31 31 0 .
Ticket Sales " 30 16 14
Guest Services 21 13 8
Lift Maintenance 12 12 0
Snowmaking 9 9 0
Winter Trails 12 12 0
Vehicle Shop 3 3 0
Ski School 125 100 25
Ski School Admin 4 4 0
Gondola Store'" 4 2 2
La Baita Retail 2 1 1
Mountain Photo" 30 14 16
Performance Center 5 5 0
Racing 5 3 2
Powder Tours 15 13 2
Administrative 1 0 3 2 1
Backcountry Portal 2 1 1
Sundeck Rest,- Winter Day' , 34 14 20
Sundeck Rest,- Summer Day'O 17 7 10
Sundeck Rest,- Night"' 24 14 10
Mt Hayden Dmlu 17 7 10
Mt, Hayden Night' 12 7 5
Benedict's Day"" 16 6 10
Benedict's Night' 11 6 5
Gondola Ops-Night" 8 8 0
Summer Ops'" 19 15 4
Total 545 391 154
12 Aspen Skiing Company typically uses 32 hours per week for full-time and 20 hours per week for part-time.
Departments operate 150 days per year unless noted
13 250 days per year
14 250 days per year
15 250 days per year
16 260 days per year
17 Based on 150 days of operation, Sundeck Restaurant full-time shifts are 8 hours and part-time shifts are 4 hours,
18 Based on 100 days of operation.
19 Based on a totlll of75 nights of operation in summer and winter,
20 Based on 250 days of operation in summer and winter, Shift lengths are same as Sundeck Res1aurant
21 Based on 70 nights of operation in summer and winter,
22 Based on 150 days of operation in winter only, Shift lengths are same as Sundeck Restaurant
23 Based on 55 nights of operation in summer and winter,
24 Includes 4 lift ops, 2 lift maintenance, and 2 rangers for every night event at 1I1e Sundeck (200 nights),
"......,
!"",,>,
Non-Aspen Skiing Company Mountain Operations Employees - Proposed
There is no change between existing and proposed employment levels for non-Aspen Skiing
Company mountain operations employees,
CiiInpaily;' '
",;Eii1pJoyees ,FuIl~Timee~~iine:'
" . ,:' "
.....'... .
, .'
. ..".
." . n.;,"
","'".
La Bait
40 20 20
54 2 52
4 2 2
2 2 0
100 26 74
Bonnie'
ACES- Wint
ACES- Summer
Total
25 Includes 3 lift ops, 2 rangers, and I ren1al employee from proposed mountain bike program.
26 La Baita considers 40 hours per week as F1' and 20 hours as PT,
27 Bonnie's employees working 32 hours per week are considered F1' and 20 hours PI,
28 ACES full-time employees work 30 hours per week and part-time employees work 12 hours,
.",.....,
!""\
Sundeck Expansion: Employee Generation Analysis
Part One: Sundeck Facility Program and Operations Schedule
The existing 1000 s,f, kitchen serves the Sundeck only, The proposed 4000 s.f, kitchen will be
shared by all three and is allocated based on ratio of seats (1/2 to Sundeck, 1/4 Benedicts, 1/4
Mt Hayden)
Operations/ Events Per Season
Existing: Sundeck Rest
Proposed: Sundeck Rest
Benedicts
Mt Hayden
Winter
Lunch Dinner
150 0
150
150
150
30
30
40
100
Summer
Lunch Dinner
100 0
100
o
100
45
25
30
100
,-, .-.,
Part Two: Labor Hours Per Event
Shift Hours
Meal Facility Position Employees Length Worked
Exisitin!1
Winter Lunch Sundeck Rest. Service 20 4 80
Kitchen 12 8 96
Managers 2 8 16
192 HourslMeal
Summer Lunch Sundeck Rest. Service 10 4 40
Kitchen 5 8 40
Managers 2 8 16
96 HourslMeal
Pro,posed
Winter Lunch Sundeck Rest. Service 20 4 80
Kitchen 12 8 96
Managers 2 8 16
192 HourslMeal
Benedicts Service 10 4 40
Kitchen 4 8 32
Managers 2 8 16
88 HourslMea1
Mt. Hayden Service 10 4 40
Kitchen 4 8 32
Managers 3 8 24
96 HourslMeal
Summer Lunch Sundeck Rest. Service 10 4 40
Kitchen 5 8 40
Managers 2 8 16
96 HourslMeal
Benedicts Service 0 4 0'
Kitchen 0 8 0
Managers 0 8 0
o HourslMeal
Mt. Hayden Service 5 4 20
Kitchen 4 8 32
Managers 3 8 24
76 HourslMeal
r-, ,-..,
, ,
Shift Hours/
Event Facility Position Employees (Hours) Position
Winter Dinner Sundeck Rest. Service 10 4 40
Kitchen 12 8 96
Managers 2 8 16
152 Hours/Meal
Benedicts Service 5 4 20
Kitchen 4 8 32
Managers 2 8 16
68 HourslMeal
Mt. Hayden Service 5 4 20
Kitchen 4 8 32
Managers 3 8 24
76 HoursIMea1
Summer Dinner Sundeck Rest. Service 10 4 40
Kitchen 12 8 96
Managers 2 8 16
152 HourslMeal
Benedicts Service 5 4 20
Kitchen 4 8 32
Managers 2 8 16
68 HourslMeal
Mt. Hayden Service 5 4 20
Kitchen 4 8 32
Managers 3 8 24
76 HoursIMea1
r--,
(1) From Part One
(2) From Sundeck Event Schedule
Proposed Hours! Year
Existing Hours! Year
New Net Hours
FTE Hours Per Year
.,-"
94,060 -
38,400
55,660 New Net Hours
55,660 !
2,080
26,76 FTE's
,.......,
,.......,
1 9 9 7
Aspen Mountain Master Plan
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A u g u s t 1, 1 9 9 7
Traffic Analysis
Photo of Aspen Mountain circa 1958 cowtesy of Apen Historical Society
AUG 01 '97 14:08 FR FHU
f""",
303 721 0832 TO 19709234875
.~
P,02/07
F E l S 8 U R G
HOLT &
U l lEV I G I
August 1, 1997
Mr. Brent Gardner-Smith
Planner for Community Affairs
Aspen Skiing Company
5131 Owl Creek Road
Snowmass Village. Colorado a 1615
RE: Aspen Mountain Master Plan
FHU I"rojcct # 95017
Dear Mr, Gardner-Smith:
As you requested, we have reviewed the potential transportation and parking impacts
which might result from implemematior1 of the Aspen Mountain Master Plan. Our report
is attached. We have determined that the reconstruction of the Sundeck Restaurant and
summer mountain biking activity would have the most potential for changing patterns of
use at the base of the mountain and have therefore concentrated our analysis on these
3ctivitie$.
Sinct:naly,
FELSBURG HOLT & ULLEVIG
~!~
David E. Hattan, P,E.
Associate
Speciah"mg in T:anspcrtalion
and Civil En.!:Jineerir:c:
5299 DrC Boul9liard . SullQ ~oo
Englewood, Colorado 801 , 1
... (303)721-HAO ru(3O>"72',....
AUG 01 '97 14:08 FR FHU
1""""'-.
303 721 0832 TO 19709234875
,^,
P,03/07
ASPEN MOUNTAIN MASTER PLAN
OVERVIEW OF TRANSPORTATION AND PARKING IMPACTS FROM
SUN DECK RESTAURANT RENOVATION, NIGHTTIME OPERATIONS,
AND SUMMER ACTIVITIES
The 1997 ASDen Mnuntain Master Plan. prepared by the Aspen Skiing Company and released
in May 1997 proposes a number of improvements, almost all of which are upgrades to existing
facilities, Infrastructure improvements are necessary to replace facilities which are reaching
their design life or are becoming functionally obsolete, In addition, the ski area must stay
competitive with other resorts in order to maintain its standing as a world-class facility, It is
important to note that the Master Plan does not involve a change in the basic operations or
capacity of the ski area. In fact, one of the goalS contained in the Master Plan is to "improve
the skiing and guest experience on Aspen Mountain without. a significant increase in mountain
capacity beyond the existing rated capacity of 4.300 skiers per day". Thus, it is felt that any
impacts to transportation and parking systems at the base of the mountain will be limited.
In reviewing the proposed Master Plan and its effect on transportation and parking, it is also
important to point out that Aspen Mountain is unique, It is one of the few ski areas in the
United States that doesn't have a large parking lot for vehicles at its base. Aspen Mountain
adjoins the commercial area of downtown Aspen, and there are numerous residences (hotels,
lodges. condominiums, arid single family residences) within convenient walking distance of the
base area lifts. Since Aspen Mountain opened in 1946. it has become part of the fabric of the
City of Aspen,
Because Aspen Mountain is so intimately tied into the fabric of downtown Aspen, it is difficult
to separate out the impacts of current skier actiVitY from normal/commercial activity in the
surrounding area. In order to begin to address the potentiai impacts of the proposed Master
Plan improvements, this memorandum win address quaiitative aspects of the concerns, More
detailed, quantitative information will become available during the 1997-1998 season as the
Aspen Skiing Company will conduct an .origin.destination" survey of Aspen Mountain skiers,
The Master Plan proposes several changes which may have some affect on the transportation
and parking systems in downtown Aspen, and these are the primary focus of this analysis,
These Improvements include reconstruction and expansion of the Sundeck Restaurant; evening
use of the Silver Queen Gondola, Sundeck Restaurant, and La Baita Restaurant; and expansion
of the terrain available for mountain biking activities in the summer, This review has been
divided into five sections: Proposed Improvements Being Analyzed, Background and Current
Conditions, Winter Daytime Operations, Winter and Summer Nighttime Operations, and
Summer Daytime Operations.
1
AUG 01 '97 14:09 FR FHU
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303 721 0832 TO 19709234875
,--"
P,04/07
PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS BEING ANALYZED
As mentioned previously, the improvements included in the Master Plan are not intended to
increase the capacity of the ski area and thus will have no adverse impacts on the
transportation and parking systems in Aspen for the most part. The following Master Plan
improvements are expected to change operations to some degree and are therefore the
subject of this memorandum;
. Reconstruction and EXDansion of the Sundeck Restaurant - The Sundeck Restaurant is
one of three restaurants at the ski area and is located at the top of Aspen MouTltain,
It was originally constructed in 1957 and currently includes a 7,700 square feet
building. The building has a maximum seating capacity 275 people indoors (although
the practical seating is only 240) with an additional 80 people on the deck. Expansion
of the restaurant to approximately 20,000 square feet was approved in 1987, The
current plan is to save part of the original building and expand it to 21,700 square feet,
There would be three dining areas: a cafeteria with the capacity of 225 seats, a public
sit down dining room with 100 seats, and a private sit down dining room with 100
seats. The private room would be operated at midday as a "lunch club" for members
only. The cafeteria would serve food all day, but daYtime activity at the two dining
rooms would be concentrated between 11 :00 a.m. and 2;00 p,m,
The Master Plan envisions that the new building could also be used at night for group
banquet service and individual banquet style dining. Any of the three rooms could be
reserved for group events, There would be a moveable wall between the cafeteria and
one of the dining rooms so that larger groups could be accommodated. The kitchen
facilities for meal preparation will limit the maximum number of people who can be
accommodated to approximately 400 diners, However, the average size of group is
expected to be 75 to 100 guests,
. Niahttime Operation of the Silver Queen GOndola. The Silver Queen Gondola would
transport guests up and down the mountain when there is an event .at the Sundeck
Restaurant. On these nights, the gondola would run from approximately 5:00 p,m. to
7;00 p.m, to bring guests up the mountain, The gondola would then run from
approximately 9;00 p.m. until 11 :00 p.m. to bring them back down the mountain, It
is expected that everyone would leave the Sundeck by 10;30 p,m, in order to be down
by 11,00 p:m, Banquets could be scheduled any night of the week during the winter
and summer seasons. but there would be a maximum to the total number of nights
allowed during the season, as discussed in following sections.
. Niahttime Use of the La Baita Restaurant - The Master Plan includes a request to use'
the La Baita restaurant for a total of 10 evenings in each winter season. This will
primarily consist of catering private functions and parties, The maximum guest seating
capacity at La Baita is 100 people, The guests would be transported to the restaurant,
via snowcats, Arrival and departure times would be standardized, and guests would
meet the snow cats at the Shadow Mountain Lift at standard preset times, The
operation of snow cats is already occurring at these hours during full grooming
operations.
2
AUG 41 '97 14:10 FR FHU
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303 721 8832 TO 19709234875
~
P.05/07
. Summer Mountain Bike Proaram - Lift-served mountain biking has been conducted on
Aspen Mountain on a limited, experimental basis during the summers of 1995 and
1996. Bikes were transported up the Silver' Queen Gondola, and riders were
encouraged to use routes along Richmond Hill or down to Castle Creek Road as
opposed to using the front side ,of Aspen Mountain. The Master Plan proposes a
coordinated program of lift and trail use on Aspen Mountain during the summer with
an emphasis on using new trails on the front side of the mountain, In addition to the
Silver Queen Gondola, Aj<lx Express and other lifts ias deemed appropriate) would be
used to transport mountain bikes, A top-to-bottom network of trails would be
developed to serve intermediate and expert mountain bikers. Lower mountain facilities,
such as Bonnie's Restaurant. may operated in conjunction with the mountain biking
program.
BACKGROUND AND CURRENT CONDITIONS
As mentioned previously, Aspen Mountain has a unique transportation and parking system
because of it close proximity to the City of Aspen and the downtown commercial area and
nearby residential areas, Parking at the base of the ski area is very limited so Aspen Skiing
Company (ASC) highly encourages use of alternative transportation, ASe contributed
$1,216.461 to the Roaring ForkTransit Agency (RFTA) during the 1995.1996 ski season for
operation of the free skier shuttle. Buses run continualty during the seaSOn to Rubey Park and
transport skiers from Snowmass Village and Bunermilk (inn at Aspen) to downtOwn Aspen,
While many of the users of the skier shuttle are based in Aspen and use the buses to get to
and from Aspen Highlands, Buttermilk, Two Creeks at Snowmass, and the Snow mass Mall,
the skier shuttles also move a significant number of skiers to Aspen Mountain. Skiers staying
within the City of Aspen oan also use the regular transit serviee which is free on routes within
the city, Local lodges also operate private vans and smalt buses which shuttle guests and
groups to and from the ski area, Taxis and limousines are also available to Aspen Mountain
skiers, Finally, there is a large bed base which is within walking distance of the mountain
base.
Ase encourages the use of mass transit by all employees. ASC employees are able to
purchase a $40 RFTA punch pass for $5 through the company, and recent surveys indicate
that approximately 40% of ASC employees regularly use transit, The number of Aspen
Mountain employees U!ling mass transit and walking to access their workplace is likely to be
higher given that many live in Aspen.
With 'regard to parking at Aspen Mountain, ASC controls two parking areas: the Aspen Street
parking lot and The Little Nell Hotel parking garage, There is a 30-space parking lot on Aspen
Street near the Shadow Mountain {Lift #1A} base area which is free tor employees and guests
on a first-come, first-serve basis, The Little Nell Hotel has an underground parking garage' with
150 parking spaces; 43 spaces are currently available to skiers on a daily, monthly, and
seasonal basis, In addition, day-skier public parking is available at the Rio Grande garage.
There are 340 spaces in the garage at a cost of $5 per day. There is a free shuttle through
downtown Aspen which provides service between the Rio Grande garage and the Silver Queen
GOndola. The Galena Street Shuttle runs during the winter and summer seasons between 8:15
a.m. and 5;16 p.m. The two vehicles provide five to seven minute headways along the route.
3
AUG 01 '97 14:10 FR FHU
r""'"
303 721 0832 TO 13709234875
r""'"
P,06/07
Finally, ttlere arll 1;IiJiJruxirlli:ll..ly 670 iJulJli" p..,k,illg SP""'" UII ll... Sll"''''ls uf t.!uwnLuwn A.pen,
There is a two-hour maximum time limit and a charge of $1 per hour. Paid parking hours are
between 7:00 a,m. and 6:00 p.m. A tew streets have overnight restrictions tor snow plowing,
WINTER DAYTIME OPERA TrONS
The reconstruction and expansion of the Sundeck Restaurant is unlikely to have a noticeable
effect on daytime transportation and parking in Aspen. The improvements are intended to
replace outdated facilities, to reduce peak period {lunchtime} congestion at the restaurant, and
to provide guests with a better dining experience (particUlarly at the two sit down dining
rooms) with faster service. It is not expected that additional skiers will visit Aspen Mountain
because of the renovation.
The Silver Queen Gondola currently carries a limited number of "foot" passengers, These are
people who are not skiing and use the lift for other reasons. Statistics for March 1997 show
that this amounts to approximately four percent of the total uphill activity at the ski area. It
is p05sible that the new Sundec;k Restaurant will increase the toot traffic; pas5enger5 because
of the new sit down dining rooms, However, it is felt that this increase would be relatively
minor, particularly in comparison wittl the large number of skiers using the mountain. It is also
possible that any initial increase may taper off after people have done it once or twice -
depending on how unique the food and dining experience are,
WINTER AND SUMMER NIGHTTIME OPERATIONS
As described previously, ASe is proposing that nighttime use of the Sundeck Restaurant would
be limited to banquets style events. ASC is requesting to be allowed to use the Sundeck for
up to 100 nights during the winter and up to 100 nights during the summer, In addition, there
is a request for up to 10 events at La Balta during the winter only. ASe is estimating that up
to 80 of the nights for the Sundeck Restaurant would be group banquet service, It is expected
that there might be approximately 20 large events (up to the 400 guest maximum - although
it is eXIlMTed ThaT the maximum would be reached only once or twillA ~ ~p."'~nn) ..nn An ~m..1I
events {up to 100 guestsl. The other 20 nights would occur when no organized groups have
reserved the rcstour"nt, On these nights, service would consi..t of individuQI banquet-style
dining. It would operated much like a banquet in that there would be a fixed menu and a set
time for dining, but each small group would make individual reservatiOnS, There might be
approximately 50 guests on these nights. If there are not sufficient reservations for an
evening, the restaurant would not open,
With regard to nighttime transportation and parking at the base of the Silver Queen Gondola.
it is anticipated that a number of the larger groups r.nuld I'll'> rmr(lnrRte meetings being held at
the Ritz-Carlton, which is the largest hotel in Aspen. The Ritz-Carlton is located two blocks
W<lst of tnEl gondola <ind would be within easy walking distance. For other:;; not staying within
walking distance of the Gcndola, a number wouid probably avail themselves of shuttle vans
operated by their lodge or use nrTA buses at Rubey Park. People driving ,,;;IIS wuulu Uti 1;11;1",
to use on-street parking since the two-hour limit is not applicable aiter 6;00 p,m, However,
on-street parking is currently well utilized during the winter, partiCUlarly dunng peak holiday
periods, There are nO comparable statistics available to estimate how many guests might use
4
H1.JU I::Jl .":::;! ( ~';';'..J..J. r-i"t' r-HU
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each mode IIf tn:III>;lJu'l"tiun, A conservative estimate of the number of oers which might
reCluire parking for the Sundeck ranges between 20 and 80 as a maximum, Compared to the
amount of parking available and thE! level of nighttime activity in downtown Aspen, nighttime
events at the Sundeck Restaurant are expected to have only a reiatively minor impact.
The 10 events requested for La Baita have already been described. The 30 parking spaces at
the base of the Shadow Mountain Lift would be available for use by the guests. The remainder
ore expect to walk to the lift or be drClpped of by Shuttle vans from their lodoe,
SUMMER DAYTIME OPERATIONS
The primary daytime use proposed in the Master Plan for the summer season is expanded
mountain biking, Appendix 6 of the Master Pian is a detailed report of mountain bil;ing activity
during the summer of 1996, It is estimated that a total of 2.317 mountain bikes used the
Silver Queen Gondola to aCcess the mountain, Thp.rA WM l'ln l'lvp.rllge of 42 bikes per day with
peak summer weekends having an average ot 71, The three largest days saw' 60, 120, and
65 bikes on the gondole. re",pectively.
It is reasonable to expect that Increasing the amount of terrain a"..iloble fur "'<,>ulll";" llikill\l
and opening the front side of Aspen Mountain will increase the level of activity, However, no
forecast of specific activity levels has been developed. The new trails on Asper Mountain are
expected to serve intermediate and expert mountam bikers, Unlike skiers whc are relatively
immobile because of ski boots, these mountain bicyclists are much more mobile and are able
to ride longer distances to access th.. mnllntllin. MMt 1J!~p.rs who live or are staying within the
city would be expected to ride their bike to the gondola. Others might use RFT A buses, which
are equipped with bike rccl(G during the spring, summer, snd iall (except for routes within -:he
City of Aspen) , These have proved to be very popular with bike riders, The main transit stop
In Aspen at Rubey Park is very corwtllliell' 'u Un. YUlluuli., OUn'l ddill$ living furth"r away
who drive a car would be able to park at the Rio Grande and then ride their bikes to the
gondola, On-street parking would probably not be greatly useCl because ot the two-hour time
limit,
If the lAVAl "t "ntivity doubles from that experienced on the peak day during 1996. it is
conservatively estimated that 40 vehicles might be parked in the Rio Grande garage. Thus,
It is cxpccted that doytime impact;; to downtown Aspen and its transportation and parking
systems during the summer will be relatively minor,
CONCLUSIONS
Because the Master Pian does not involve a change in the basic operations or capacity of the
ski area,. it is felt that any impllcts to transportation and parking systems at the base of the
mountain will be limited. Specific reviews of the new Sundeck Restaurant. ni;httime
operations, and the summer moumain biking program also reveal that traffic and parking
impacts in downtown Aspen are expeoted tc be relatively minor.
,5
** TOTIiL PffiE, 07 **
1"""'\
.~
Aspen
199
Mountain
7
Master
Plan
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A u g u s t 1, 19 9 7
Lighting Analysis
Photo of Aspen Mountain circa 1958 courtesy of Apen Historical Society
2340 Plaza Del Amo
Suite 125
Torrance California 90501 .
1"",
r1
I
PATRICK QUIGLEY 'It
+ ASSOCIATES
July 29, 1997
Mr, Brent Gardner-Smith
Aspen Skiing Company
5131 Owl Creek Road
SnowmassVillage, CO 81615
Re: The Sundeck Restaurant and Upper Gondola Tenninal Buildings Lighting - Preliminary
Environmental Impact Study of Existing Structures and Mitigating Measures
Dear Brent:
Patrick B. Quigley + Associates (PBQA) was summoned by the Aspen Skiing Company as professional
lighting designers to review the environmental impact of existing and future lighting on the local
environment.
310533.6064
Fax 310 320w34B2
The following report outlines the Sundeck Restaurant & Upper Gondola Tenninal Buildings
environmental setting, existing lighting systems and how these systems are used as currently
operated, This section is followed by both specific, recommended mitigation measures for the existing
structures, as well as general design criteria for any future nighttime use of these or other structures
at this location,
I. EXISTING CONDITIONS
A. Environmental Settina .
The upper Gondola Tenninal Building, Sundeck Restaurant and their smaller support
structures are located on the top of Aspen Mountain, in the Rocky Mountains of
Colorado, The general area is characterized by low level "night sky illumination" (light
pollutionllight trespass) immediately surrounding the City of Aspen, fading to "black sky"
conditions in the mountains past the ridge lines adjacent to the City of Aspen. There are
light fixtures existing today on Aspen Mountain and they have been there for ten years,
facilitating maintenance, security and low level use of both the Gondola Tenninal and
Sundeck Restaurant.
B. EnvironmentallmDact .
The mountain top facilities can be seen at night from off.site viewpoints at isolated roads
and homes around the Aspen area, Those impacted specifically include portions of;
road and trail north of Hunter Creek (6 miles approx,); road north of Lenado, Larkspur
Mountain and ridge between Woody Greek and the Frying Pan (10 miles approx,); Red
, barn on East Owl Creek Road and adjoining subdivision (6 miles approx,); Snowmass
Golf Course at area of Meadow Road and intersection of Brush Creek Road and Melton
Aspen Sundeck Environ. Impact
29 July, 1997
Page 1 of7
I Architectur-ai Lighting Consultants
2340 Plaza Del Amo
Suits 125
Torrance Caiifomia 90501
310 533-6064
Fax 310 328-3482
1"'"".
,-'.
PATRICK
,m'" I
+ ASSOCIATES
Ranch Subdivision (subdivision north of golf course) 8 miles approx,; Hidden MeadoWs
Subdivision north of Krabloonik Road (10 miles approx, one home visible); Conundrum
Creek Trail small section visible (3,5 miles approx,~ Nye house on Ultle Annie (.5 miles
approx,), Likewise, the site can not be seen from; the Town of Aspen, Highway 82 up-
valley, Highway 82 down-valley, the airport, Woody Creek, the base of Buttermilk
Mountain, the base of Aspen Highlands, Ashcroft, Castle Creek Road, Maroon Creek
Road and area campgrounds, If they are in 1I1e higher elevations, recreational users of
the surrounding mountains such as hikers and cross country skiers may also experence
a nighttime views of these facilities,
Though these views are extremely limited, they are of significance due to the area's
historic preference for an unintenupted silhouette of the mountain ridges against the
night sky, The minimal use of exterior fixtures means that these buildings' contribution
to the night sky illumination is nominal. Any such contribution is overwhelmed by the
street and facade lighting of Aspen City below.
II,
CURRENT OPERATIONS AND SPECIFIC MITIGATION
A. The Gondola Terminal Buildina
Current operations at the Gondola Terminal Building include nighttime security and
maintenance activities, as well as transporting patrons to the restaurant. Existing
illumination systems and recommended mitigation include:
1, Gondola Building Exterior.
a) A single high intensity discharge (HID) "wall pack~' type fixture rrounted on
the west facade, overlooking the public entry portal. This fixture type is
characterized by high glare and indiscriminate light distribution toward the
horizontal ground plane, the sky, and everything in between.
Mitigation calls for this fixture's replacement by a well shielded unit that
directs its light toward the ground plane only,
b) The vehicle maintenance facility at the east end of the structure has a
large roofed, open sided staging area, The area is now used at night in
the winter,
Mitigate by using shielded fixtures that limit illumination to the ground
plane, such as a 'long barreled' ceiling mounted down light.
Aspen Sundeck Environ, Impact
29 July, 1997
Page 20f7
I Architectural Lighting Consultants
2340 Plaza Del Arno
Suite 725
Torrance California 90507
310 533-6064
Fax 310 320-3482
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QUIGLEY !lW
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PATRICK
2, ' Gondola Building Interior:
a) The bUilding interior lighting is made up entirely of non-shielded fixtures
including bare fluorescent strips and incandescents in the office and tunnel
(where cabins first enter the facility), and HID "wall packs" in the loading
room and gondola storage areas, While the cumulative systems provide
an appropriate level of work light, their use also results in a very high level
of interiOr glow as seen from outside the structure,
Specific mitigation measures should include mEl:hanized shading devices
in the loading area located along the south facades window wall, The
same technique should be used at any window exposed to an off site view,
such as the office, These shading devices should be controlled bya photo
cell or timer device,
b) Eight of the HID wall packs in the loading area are left on all night for
security purposes and provide a reasonable ievel of light.
The mitigation noted above will negate the current impact of this all night
system,
3, Additional Illumination of Gondola Cabs:
If night use is approved, then additional illumination should be provided between
the Gondola Terminal Building and the last tower for operators to see whether the
cabs are swinging due to high winds,
Mount an HID, low wattage, narrow flood at tunnels' north exterior facade, Equip
fixture with louver and/or other glare mitigation device, Alternative location is
under the arrival portal, on the wall, to uplight incoming cabs,
B. The Sundeck Restaurant
Current operations include dining for individual groups on an extremely limited, special
permit basis, All lighting systems stay on for clean-up followed by a late night security
setting, In the winter, kitchen and snack bar lighting along with selected circuits
facilitating access, are used by the prep cooks who often work until late into the evening.
1, Sundeck Restaurant Exteriors:
Aspen Sundeck Environ, Impact
29 July, 1997
Page 3 of7
I Architectura" Lighting Consultants
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Suite 125
Torrance California 90501
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a) 'Jelly jar' incandescent fixtures are mounted on the walls adjacent to the
south and southwest facing sundecks, Though low wattage, these fixtures
are similar to 'wall packs' in their omni-directionallight distribution and
indiscriminate glare, These units are among the most \isible fixtures from
off-site views and are currently left on all night.
These fixtures should be either shielded or replaced with new, glare
controlled down lights resulting In illumination of the hori:wntal plane of the
deck only,
b) Ceiling mounted wall pack at north covered stairway is baffled from
exterior view except at flanking windows, Mitigate by supplying a shielding
collar,
c)
Tents - Currently large tent structures are available for banquets during the
summer only, Use of these tents is extremay limited by the same special
use permit requirement that governs the restaurant. The restaurant and
tent seating is not used concurrently, The impact of the tent(s) at night
can be effectively mitigated through proper siting based on offsite views
and through opaque flaps hung on sides visible from off site.
310 533-6064
Fax 310 320-3482
2, Sundeck Restaurant Interiors:
a) The two levels of interior seating are lit primarily by adjustable,
incandescent ceiling mounted "mono point' fixtures. They are arranged
in two, octagonal donuts in plain view at approximately 6' and 12' from the
perimeter wall, Some of the fixtures are currently aimed such that direct
lamp glare is seen from outside,
The obvious mitigation for this system is to aim these fixtures universally
away from the windows and toward the room's interior, This alone,
however, leaves the perimeter tables against the window unlit. PBQA
recommends addirgan additional donut of fixtures immediately adjacent
to the perimeter wall, These fixtures should be aimed away from the glass
while still being able to illuminate these tables, The new fixtures will
provide an added daytime benefit - - helping skiers adjust from the in\:lnse
sunlight outside to the relative darkness of the restaurant.
b) The innermost of the interior octagon forms is currently lit by soffit
mounted up lights, Due to the exterior visibility of the lit ceiling plane, we
advise: a) Dimming this CKT down significantly, or b) Replacing with a
new system of low voltage down lights that illuminate the inside faces of
the columns, as well as the columns at the fireplace, The two systems
29 July, 1997
Page 4 of7
Aspen Sundeck Environ, Impact
I Architectural Lighting Consultants
2340 Praza Del Amo
Suite 125
Torrance California 90501
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PATRICK QUIGLEY
+ ASSOCIATES
could be used together,
c) "Wrap around" lensed fluorescent fixtures, ceiling mounted over mack bar
is a source of high glare, Install a wood frame around the fixture and
equip with 1/2'x1/2"x1/2" white acrylic 'eggcrate'louver, ,
III, FUTURE OPERATIONS AND ACCOMPANYING LIGHTING MITIGATION CRITERIA
PBQA's understanding of future operations as proposed by the Aspen Skiing Company is for
a year round banquet dining facility, open up to seven nights a week with the last down
mountain Gondola cab at 10:30 P,M, The facility wouid be booked on demand,
310533-6064
If all of the specific mitigation measures listed in previOUS sections of this report are acted on,
the result will be a significantly reduced impact to the nighttime view corridors toward the
structures, Whether the operating hours are extended or not, the direct glare of lamps and
interior glow at night will be greatly reduced from current levels, In addition, sky illumination
should be the same or less than existing levels due to proper1y shielded fixtures.
Fax 310 320-3482
Besides the mitigation previously mentioned, we believe the following items represent important
additional design criteria, Regardless of what agreement the Aspen Skiing Company and the
Community may come to, these crteria will help ensure a sensitive nighttime treatment of this
delicate environment.
A The lowest applicable Illuminating Engineering Society's (IES) recommended footcardle
(FC) levels should be provided, . walkway and decks at .2 FC with illumination uniformity
ratios of 4:1 to 6:1 (average to minimum),
B, Wherever possible, screening features such as trees, berms, walls, topographic features
and architectural elements should be utilized to hide fixtures from view and trap light at
the ground plane,
C, To minimize the lighting's impact, the fixtures used will feature the following
characteristics:
1. Low levels of lighting provided by "warm' toned (2,500 to 3,000 degrees Kelvin
temperature) lamps,
2, Physical characteristics of lighting equipment shall be forms, materials and
finishes that are compatible with the adjacent surroundings (Le, wood posts, earth
tone finishes, stone),
Aspen Sundeck Environ, Impact
29 July, 1997
Page 5 of7
,I Architectural Lighting Consultants
2340 Plaza Del Amo
Suits 125
Torrance California 90501
"-.,,
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PATRICK
I
QUIGLEY 't1!
+ ASSOCIATES
3, Fixtures shall have distrtbution types and cut-off charactertstics that limit spill light
onto vertical surfaces such as plants and buildings that can be seen from off-site,
The fixtures used shall typically be of a shielded downlight vartety, '
4, To prevent glare, fixtures shall have optical control based on proper placement
of light source within fixture and proper design of reflector and lenses, Glare
mitigation devices such as baffles, louvers and shields will be used as required,
D, Fixtures shall be ortented to minimize off-site impact (Le, the maximum candlepower
shall be aimed away from the off-site viewer and the physical untt shall be located on the
shielded side of visual barriers, such as trees and walls),
E. Extertor and intertor building matertals shall be non-reflective and use natural, subdued
tones,
370 533-6064
F, Lighting of signage shall be kept to the minimum practical footcandle level required for
successful identification of destinations, All sign lighting, , if required at all, shall utilize
non-glare down light fixtures, No neon or self-illuminated signage shall be permitted,
Fax 310 320-3482
G, Other than signage, no direct vertical illumination, such as facade washes or landscape
accent lighting, shall be allowed wtthin the off'site view corridors into the project.
H. Impacts from night-lighting on wildlife in neighbortng habitats shall be resolved through
shielding, directing lights away from adjacent open space, using lower-intensity lights,
and using automated controls to limit light usage to those times ifs needed for guest use
and maintenance, followed by lower levels needed for late night safety and securtty.
I, Though a lower overall impact can be expected on noctumal wildlife if all mitgations are
followed, PBQA's lack of familiarity with local species precludes us from commenting on
this subject in an authorttative manner,
IV, CONCLUSION
As the two facilities exist today, little, if any glare or night sky illumination mitigation exists, The
fixtures are brtght and have some impact on distant views and noctumal wildlife, Even so, the
view corridors into the project are extremely limited and, in most cases, quite remote.
We are comfortable saying that if the specific glare mitgations and design crtterta are followed
off site views to the projects will be reduced, The views that remain will be noticeably and
positively impacted by significant glare reduction, Whether the restaurant hours are extended
or not, the cumulative mountain top facilities will have a reduced environmental impact rom the
existing conditions, 'Indeed, if the Gondola Terminal and Sundeck are used for nighttime
operations and the recommended mitigations are implemented, the likely impact will be less
Aspen Sundeck Environ, Impact
29 July, 1997
Page 6 of7
I Architectural Lighting Consultants
2340 Plaza Del Amo
Su#e 125
Torrance California 90501
.,-.."
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PATRICK
I
aUIGLEyHIl
+ ASSOCIATES
than currently exists,
PBQA anticipates lower levels of night sky illumination if these measures are adopted and the
operations stay the same. Or about the same level as exilts today if operations are expanded
as described by the Aspen Skiing Company, and noted in this report,
310533.6064
Fax 31 a 320.3482
Aspen Sundeck Environ, Impact
29 July, 1997
Page 7 of 7
I Architectural Lighting Consultants
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Photo of Aspen Mountain circa 1958 courtesy of Apen Historical Society
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