HomeMy WebLinkAboutcoa.lu.an.Annexation Policy.1975
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MEMORANDUM
DATE: May 21, 1975
TO: Members of City Council
RE: Annexation of Enclaves
FROM~andra M. Stuller
Jim Breasted has itemized for the agenda a discussion
of the annexation of small enclaves within the City. He is go"in\r
to rely on the itemization of lands available for annexation .
earlier prepared by Dave Ellis. Dave's memo is attached.
SS/pak
Attachment
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TO: . san.d,"
FROM: . aye
Ellis d)E
27, 1974
DATE:
June
RE: Annexation of Enclaves, Partly Surrounded Land,
and City Owned Land Pursuant to 1963 CRS 139-21-5
There exist within the present City boundaries several
parcels of land which could be annexed under the provisions
of the above statute.
ENCLAVES - The enclaves are 1) Lots 4 and 5, Blk. 1,
Pitkin Mesa Subdivision, 2) Lot 7, Fil.ing lA West Aspen
Subdivision, and 3) odd tract westerly of Red Red Butte
Road. These three parcels were created April 20, 1971
at the time of the Open Space Annexation. Apart from
the political consideration, I feel these would be
logical and advisable annexations.
CITY OWNED LAND - I have discussed on several occasions
with Herb the possibilities of annexing 1) that portion
of the Thomas Property lying between Highway 82 and
Castle Creek Road and 2) a small tract which is part
of Ute Children's Park~ The annexation of the Thomas
Property would strengthen the City's position in
determining any future realignments of the Castle Creek-
,Maroon Creek intersection and/or the approach of
/Highway 82 into town. The Ute Children's Park tract
is not a cr i tical ma tt-er either way..
PARTLY SURROUNDED LAND - At present the Hallam Lake area
appears to be in this category, although a survey would
be necessary to make an absolute determination. The
other area is the tract surrounded by Neal Ave.,
Gibson Ave, and the City boundary. This second area
has problems with street maintenance, street right-of-Hay,
water quality, police services, and junk, all of which
are probably more desirable in the county, unless there
is a great deal of determination to improve upon the
existing conditions. I have mentioned these two areas
basically to inform you, rather than to recommend them
for annexation.
Since .there is currently annexation activity for both
Wocrnc1le and the Nountain Edge property, I felt this
was a good time to bring these situations to light.
ee: Hick r':3honcy
llc,rb Elm.tel
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CITY<bir~:Ns PEN
aspen ,c9!orado, box v
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MEMORANDUM
TO: Department Heads, Mick Mahoney
FROM: John Stanford
SUBJECT: Annexation Study
DATE:
November 14, 1974
This memo gives a brief outline of various concerns regarding
annexations adjacent to the City.
PURPOSE:
1. To encourage natural and well-ordered development
of municipalities.
2. Fair and equitable distribution of municipal
services among those who benefit from them.
3. Extend services and facilities to areas which
form a part of the whole community.
4. Simplify governmental structure in urban areas.
5. Extend municipal regulations in an orderly system.
6. Reducefri ctl on among conti guous muni ci pal iti es.
7. To increase the likelihood of municipal corporation
in urban areas to provide services.
ELIGIBILITY:
1.
2.
One-sixth of proposed annexation must be cqntiguous
with the municipality.
Community of interest exists between the property
for annexation and the municipality that the area
::JoI'<"
MEMORANDUM
. Department Heads
Annexation Study
November l4, 1974
Page Two
STUDY ITEMS.:
1.
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is or will soon be urbanized and that the area
can be integrated into the corrnnunity unless,
a. 1 ess than 50% of adul t res i dents of the
area use the .municipalities public-quasi
public uses, and less than 25% are em-
ployed in the municipality;
b. one-half or more of the land is agri-
cultural and the intention by the owners
is to maintain the agricultural use for
not less than five (5) years;
.c. it is impractical to extend (municipal)
services.
2.
Identify related problems of Aspen and the fringe
areas and degree of cooperation between City and
County officials.
Analyze essential planning and development controls
of the City and the fringe areas.
Analyze service policies and standards of the City:
Water Service - fire protection, water rates and
financing, water ordinance, water extension policy.
Sanitary Sewer Service - sewer rates and financing,
sewer ordinance, sewer extension policy, sewage
treatment policy.
Street Construction and Maintenance - storm drainage,
street improvement policy, street lighting, street
maintenance.
EQlic~-Pro!~ctio~ - activities, programs.
fire_J'L<?!ec:JJ.9.!:l. - activities, orQanization, fire
insurance rates.
Recreation - program, financing.
3.
MEMOR#~Dm1
Depar1~ment
Annexa',tion
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Heads
StudY
Noveml:C'I';14, .1974
Page Three
\<" 4: "]}et.i!rmiM!;metho$J)f'~tetidj~l1ll.ll'l:i.c'tpa?J';3:ervi;ce.s;
to 'frlngeareasibased'oR,tity.serv:kep61 ides and.
's,t:aadards.
.5.~'PrOplilrti on~f:tax.es..4l<' idby...City .reSirlents.and
fringe.. area residents for .the same services.
6~ . Analysis of COOIjJe:t:'i:tiveserv:iceswhen they.are
pairli1yttleCounty';privdte::ente!:'p:rise:oT'sp€d alii
.,:.:((jistri.cts.
7.( I nadequacies'of,.cit.Y poHoies .()n'se~:ingfri:nge
ar.eil s.
8.'lJetermine costs'a'ridbenefii'ts Ofej(tendingti.ty
"services to, fringe areas .
g., Determine legal]j.abil i tleswhiclltheCi tywould
.acquire through ,annex.aUontie...periding litigation}.
1 Q. :Attemp,t to: il'C:C'€ssi"Clflydlanyes 'i,n'1'j;!1e."'Pcrlm'Cill;;,.".
:.climate.
We wil il;'roeetseon:to ,dis.cuss the.l1:esp;QJ;lSihilUi.as,ct::,~,..dfi:Pil~~ent
in condit>cti ng.tlre;study::;m:Iloor';D~a::rl:qprDCl3lilures;aml:,~tab~e .
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SEPTEMBER 7,1973 ~~
HOaRE 1IreNO
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TO: SS,JE,DKS
SUBJECT' Alu~XP.TION
Discussion of annexation policy at Council study session,
Tuesday 4th September disturbs me. An agressi ve . annexation pc,! i <:'1..\
can be a disruptive influence in City-County relations. -
The RSA approach broke dOvm and relations have not improved,
especially since Russ Campbell became City Administrator.
Any further igravation of this traditional jurisdictional jealousy
has bad vibes for GRO\iTH CONTROl, vlhich demands very close cooperati~
betvleen 6i ty and County. This coordinated togetherness will also be
important if we are to play an effective role in regional planning.
Attached is my basic homevlOrk as a COUllci.lman in 1963. The
results of this study, plus 12 colv~s written on the subject
leave me .-lith the opinion that annexation is a means of spreading
obsolescence. It is simply seen when you realize most of our "best"
people don't want to live in the. urban city scene. They have, or
hope to find,a little place in the cou.ntry. They settle for one-
class SUburbs and do not miss all the city laws and services.
These out-migrants would much rather tour outside shopping centers
than venture into the congested, old-fashioned commercial center
in the cities. Their voting patterns tend to become conservative
in the sense that they are not willing to accept the risks of
rehabilitating the city, its need for physical and social subsidies.
Hany of the "better class" companies and services have followed
the flight to the suburbs,eg: industrial estates, corporate HQ's,
which take advantage of space for living and personal rapid
transit co~~uting by CAR. Airports presently are picking-up on
many of the dOvmtO\fll functions and are growing into business
meeting complexes.
The trend conti.nues against the CITY. And don't overlook the
facts that cities have had high-powered planning and zoning since
the early 1920's, along with rapid transit, university and civic
leadership. and pOVHer and money and most of the Federal gre.nt money.
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The problems of the ci ties ha~come about because they .~ere
allowed to grow out of human scale in their attempt to be all
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things to all people in a rapidly growing and changing scene
that has b;:;;;a;r~~~~ en~ouraged independence and mobility.
To encourage continued/~r1wth is to fly in the face of our
American history. Technology will further. fragment society because
it will~ncrease communication to the point :where ~~:-will be
able to do ,our .wrk ,at home rather than going to the office.
Of course, the trend is to more office personnel and less assembly
., ~. .
.line labor.
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Well, enough rattling on about annexation. We should direct our
energies towards cooperation between City-County and the Districts.
County Home Rule and a professional, full-time adminstrator in
the Courthouse can effectively modernize the Courthouse along the
lines of City Hall. We should not work to build another layer of
bureaucracy on the local scene. A cooperative approach is essential
to growth control, we cannot allow the ~tilities, the schools,
the transportation,the land use and management to go seperate,
fragmented ways and expect to be able to fine tune this complex
resort economy.A costly duplication of effort between City-County
and Districts is more than a .Haste of money, it is to allo..1 petty
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power positions to defeat our sense of community.
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BACKGROUND FOR ANNEXATION POLIOY FOR ASPEN
- --,- --- - --
Annexation is not an un-mixed blessing. Expansion of an old-
fashioned government and property tax structure may create more
difficulty than we have now.
Aspen is proceeding to accept territory without clear ~nowledge of
the advantages and disadvantages of growing obligations. We heed a gen-
eral procedure to establish facts; prepare balance sheets, and guide
discussion on the overall effects of annexation on community life.
The following headings outline my organization of the problem in its
various aspects. They are rough and unfinished. The contributions of
public officials and interested citizens will add a great deal to the
balance and completion of these check~lists. Discussion will then start
from a common ground of information and contact. Decisions will be
documented and more intelligible to the courts, the pUblic and the future.
1. General Annexation Policy Questions
2. Annexation Information Maps and Balance Sheet
3. 'SUb-DiVision Standards and Regulations - Preliminary Plat
Check List
4.
Real Estate Evaluation and Land Use Direction
5.
Political Realities
~o
101.11.10-\1. 7.
6.
Social Ooncepts
Utilities - Oheck List and Bal",nce Sheet
8.
State Legislative Action on Local Government Jurisdiction
and Finance
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East Aspen Patent
KNOB IVjoore
1/16/63
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ANNEXATION EVALUATION
INFORMATION NEEDED FOR EVALUATION:
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ENGI~j~~ Map must have light contour lines at 2 ft. intervals.
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Map
lot
the
of subject area at scale at least 1 = 400.
lines, right-of-way, and other map features
proposed boundaries of the subject area.
The map must show
within 200 ft. of
Map must have l~st name of recorded owners of each tract and an
encircled tract number assigned by the development director for
control purposes. Distances of all appropriate lines should be
shO'lID.
4. On separate sheet the assessed valuation for each tract by tract
number and recorded owner should be shown as follows:
!Q.
1
miNER
PERSONAL
PROPERTY;'
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5000
2000
1500
1800
IMPRVl'ITS
6000
4000
3000
3400
1500
Jones
9000
Jones
none
Smith
none
Brown
none
8000
9000
24.000
Service
2000
Mountain States ~
~
Total 12.300
17.900
GRAND TOTAL
$54.200
;'Commercial Property only.
Aerial photograph at scale 1 = 200 (should be same as map, f
possible). A paper print or photo of existing aerial print
satisfactory to help cut costs.
6. Door to door survey of araa for "annexation census". (Perhaps
water meter readers conduct this survey).
7. Estimate of total.. population after ultimate development based on
above information. Also estimate of assessed valuation after
three years and after ten years.
Map overlay on facing paper showing abutting City zoning and ex-
isting County zoning.
Map overlay on tracing paper showing land use in subject area and
abutting area.
Map overlay on tracing paper showing pOSSible City zoning and
right-of-way layout for future development of subject area.
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ANNEXATION EVALUATION - 3
BALANOE SHEET -- ,-YEAR PERIOD
1'rom
(date)
To
(date)
Development Assumption: This should be a paragraph or so indicating the
basis for assuming ultimate population, development and assessed valuation.
Any other explanatory comments should appear here also.
COSTS
Capital Improvements
:Buy Existing
1-later Lines.i..........
Water Lines....~.....
*Sewer taps.. .........
Street lights........
#Share of City Oapital
Imp. over 3 years....
(10 )years)
Sub-total. .. ~ .. .... .. .. .. .. .. ..
Annual Operations. & Maintenanqe
**Utili ties Dept.--
Water & Sewer Plant
and Crews......,................
*~~Public viorks--
Streets, Engineering
and Drainage.........
"',
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Refuse Disposal.. ....
**Police.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
~~-l~Fire .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
~H'Other Depts......... '_.
sub-total............
TOTAL................................. '__.
**Compute shares of total costs by
area and by population.
##Does not reflect usual increase
after annexation.
REVENUES
Oapital Charges
Hater taps..............................
Sewer taps.. ... .. iii .. .. .. .. .. .. . .... .'
,:-Depending on the arrangement by
i'ThiCh se;.Ter was or ;.Till be installed
(,oeparate District, City District,
pri vate party).
#Revenue appears in General Taxes.
Sub-total. .. .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. '. .. .. . ..
Annual Fees & Taxes
lvater Bills
incl. "SO" i:.......... .. _...... ........
Sewer Charges............
Refuse Charses...........
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Franchise Payments.......
Hwy. Users Funds.........
Taxes ......................................
Misc. Fees, Fines,
Permi ts, etc.........................
Sub-total. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
TOTAL.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . .. .. . . . . . . ,
viATER REVENUE:
Now;
Annexed:
IJ#Net Loss:
in water usage of residential areas
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PRELI~~Y PLAT - OHEOK LIST
Name of Subdivision
Location
Zoning District
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Owner
Address
Tel.
Surveyor or Engineer
Address
Date submitted for Preliminary Plat approval
'.rel.
Q1IEOK LIST.
copies submitted 10 days prior to hearing.
notification of hearing to subdivider and adjoining property
Oi-ffiers.
copies sent to Oity (orOounty) Engineer and Oity (or 00unty
Health Officer for recommendations.
copies of private deed restrictions, if any.
Iviap (drawn to scale of not less than 1" equals 200') contents:
Name and location of subdivision.
.. Names of adjoining owners and/or subdivisions.
Name of owner and surveyor.
Date, north point, and graphic scale.
Acreage of land to be subdivided.
Boundary lines of tract to be subdivided.
Proposed lot lines and lot numbers.
Contours at not more than 5' intervals.
Location of platted streets and easements, Idthin and adjacent
to the tract, water courses, existing sewers, water mains, and
culverts.
Proposed street layout.
Profiles (1" equals 20') Ivith grades indicated if required.
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ANNEXATION EVALUATION - 2
11.
Map overlay on
sani tary sewer
size and type.
sho~m :
tracing paper showing existing water lines (blue),
lines (brown), and storm sewer lines (green) by
On same overlay additional information should be
a. Needed water, sanitary, and storm .sewer lines
shown in dotted color lines with size indicated.
b. Po;rtion of existing water line to. be "bought" from subject
area owners and amount to be paid.
c. Portion of future water line which must be installed
within three years and estimated cost of same.
d. Portion of sanitary sewer needed within three years
and proposed time schedule.
e; Indication of whether private party will pay for in~
stallation of sanitary sewer line or whether district must
be formed and estimated cost in either case.
BALANCE SHEET:
After the ~bove information has been compiled it should be pictured
in concise form on two separate balance sheets, one for a three.
year period after annexation and the other fora ten-year period after
annexation. These balance sheets should be identical in format
and be made up according to the following sample: (See attached
sheet) .
Source: Procedure for Annexation Evaluation, Council Memo #29-60 and
Staff llemo ;:~20-60, July 18, 1960, Grand Junction, Colo., Joe
j':. Lacy, City Hanager.
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Preliminary Plat - Check List -- Page 2
cross-section (pavement width, sidewalks).
Street names.
Plans and profile of proposed sanitary sewer.
Plans and profile of proposed water system.
Building set-back lines.
Public dedications and reservations of land, if any.
Approved
to proceed to final plat. ~ubject to
(date)
follo"lfing modifications:~
Variances Granted:
Disapproved: _
for the follo"lnng reasons:
(date)
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ssion of City and County P'& Z's CO!llIIlissions, City Council and
S-STo-n-ers-;- .----.----.----.
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Study S
Cmrrrty
___,C . ME!,~tingwa.s_called to,_make ~~~2_isl....<:>!l_..<:>.IL tl:1~_ ques tion_-'?ICoul1cilman Francis
Whitak:e resulting fr_omthe Zoli:ne Annexation discussion as follow~:
As rela esto the growth of the valley do you anticipate changes in the
--~~-l-a-nd-'U$ , --pa.j;..t.e-r.a..s--a.S-.-Qu.j;-1-in-e-(Lin~th-e_c1-9-6.6-Mas..t.e.:r-..-~1an2.-____~_____,
-~---Bartd -'-CJf-tne--pro-b-!--ems---wi-t:h-the '-P-l-an---i:--s-th:a-t--i-t--s-be,:i:ftg--J::.R.rer-pi:~ea
because there are land use shown in the plan. If all zoned as shown
~---~-fox~l:ne pro.rec'Eions,-trrat-wourc:rbe-a---rot"-(Y:E-zon:i:ng-;-----~~--
-~-~~~::~~t~-;;~-~~:t~:--r~~s;:~i~~~;Zt~a~~:E~:~:~n~--zi~I~~i~ti{~g-~~wU~:- ....... ..~-
_____._._..__--.-------.--- _~..._ ___.__----------._y___._____.._-._____ ____._. ._____. ___.__._-Cf_.- _ __ _ . ~
when th land use patterns should be cha.nged than we -sho-ulcClook at--the----
__.___.Mas..ter___. Tan.__.---T-ne__lan.d__underdisc.us.s.io_nc.w_as.._.zQn..e.l:LR:,,_3_0__s_ix.-'Y_e.akLag,<2.___~~__.
and it as a long way from the City, now it is next door. Are We going
---~-toe--s-t-ie. _by--t-he--P-1a-a-.and--if--no-t-when--will--we--cbange--it-.---Snowmas.s----:......---'-~------
develop,ent got me to thinking. To prevent urban development the
--~----ei:tT-bu*ght-the--go-lf-course.-.-Think--i:t'-.Should. -be--Iltllur--ccms-idered-as--a-----------'--
_____ ~~ ~f:..r_ ~~~_=:.:~~~<::__~,\:l-~-~':-a!:s-~-~~..,;ur:?~-~~~-~...-b ~~:r_'::~ _1:d_e_vt_~_~~~etnL_
ere a#e po~nLS on UOLU s~ eso.... LLL~S annexaL~on. "ee LLe v~ y ....8----.-0----.
better quipped to handle urban problems. County willing to let the
-------ci ty-anex'WhaiTfiey-'-wanCoec-alls e.. Hs- an-a-dveiiEage" to fhem::~--ll.-erD
_.___.~ill'LMa oon C;:J:-eelc.-,~!ld _tl1~__AiJ:'RQf,1~__ClJ:'~_J:>()th_g()ocl~)ines___t.2..,_~lt,e2'e the City
boundarfles should stop. Feel annexation should pay its own way.
---,---.--..---.--- -~_.._.__...".______.......,..----___-._.._-"'.._...___..,,_--_.--__,____,_~....,______._",..__..,~._____".___..__._.._____.__._._~_________...............c____...;........,.._,,__
Molny - To lower the density and change the Master Plan would require a
----~--1e_t_-0-f- ~pe_r-t-f.l'om-the-.Gomm\ffi-i-ty..---... -.--.. ..__--.---__.___.____...c_.__._._________
--------4.1-111<r1-..-"- The--reas"Ou-..thes-e--P-lans.-tai-J:--ts-.be-caus-e-they--become---st'at1:cC.-arLd
need to be up dated constantly. Things change faster than people
----~-anfj:crp t-e-: --Lii"nd"us-e-panerns-.sli.(m]-dDeCrev~eweaeacn-Year~.-we-are
____~__.Eeac:: ti,!l_. _t.<:>_Cl.eve .!EJJ.11l~nJ:_Ea!=h.e_r_~~E:~e~()_:r_e_Aev.el.oP1!len~_. The ground rule s
now are tiX years old. . ---- -.-------- .
----Whit;!;;; '-::-D~-.~-;t-- wa:~tto- -~~:;... anypl;;'-y-ti f f ~--b-~t;:~-~~-the --Cit-Y-~-;;d-Count y .
Baxter Further development depends on the land use studies We are
-------try-i:-n.g-- o-get--in--tne--county-.--Future-development--has--t-o-be-bas-e-d-.-l'}a-s-eme.------
kind of fact or reason. With this in mined we are. trying to get land uSee
---.--s.eucnes- fn-ene--C-ouifty-;--.1C-..gi:ve-s-us--a-.DaEfis-oI-..-S-~1Ying-wttE!re--l1oU"sTng----~--
should e bu.i:1t. .
__~_ Home~r -:__.IJ_J~J_lL.Ye5!J:'.?__.JI,&(LYQU _~A.,id __th_ClL_'!1"!.<L!1ow S!!Y.i.:!l_g_ it ha~__to be
updated our you saying it should be less IliI!RXIlI dense or what.
---------l--. -.--..-.------. ---- - ---- ------------ --. -.- - - --------------~---.--.-- --------. .
Herb - he decision to purchas e open space was afar from the Master Plan
----atI.d-E}fI-- ---bas-oi-s-sho1il-lEl-.- have.-l7-eviewea.-tohe-la-ses--i.a.---tha-t ar--e-a-.-..Just-me-~-
because, zoning is shown in the Master Plan it is not automatic. upon
r.,q ue Shou-ld-cous ider-provid-i-ng-s-ervi:c-e,-i:nf-lttenee--t-ha-t-wottld---
developent with development going on both ends .of the town, same logic
would Di appl:ted as -relate-s--t:6-'tl.m~ng-:-."'Tne--gov-e-:rnI![Erfft-c~-d:ere-rtllThe
from a udget point of few and services as relates to development
}lxjI pro osals. ----------..---------.------
_'"_~.c._....,_.________
------_._-~...;..__._-_._---...,-'-.".-"-..>~-'-._.....;_..:.;,.---'---'--"~.,----'-'-----_.._._.~-_.
than
en 15uylng-the golf 61rU;r-S-e w-e--el:tnttnat.,d a 'to-c--or U"LL>;ity .
f:orced hous-'i.ng down the valley.
. _,__.;.;._",-.c.._~.._--,:;......;.._"_~,.'---'--'^.._'_.,;._"'-._._---'"
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A<Iams -
more tw
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oi.l"nty-ras t;r-une-pas secr-areifoTut"t"6ti.-tl'1:a-t-the-recwoutd-cire--no
~faIll.i.!_L~",_e"!lih~~_i!1_~It-!~~;!:s:ning.. _______ __ ~
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______-B.ax-tlax.d - ..T.h!LXJul.~QJ"L_for_tQ~.-11Qt:t1Land _f'lQut.1Lside annexat:!:~:m .was to get
eouugh opulation to go home. rule. Must have a reason to annex.
Molny -
----e1.-ec.to
easons for (1) you eliminate new distx-icts; (2) adds to the
g:e-of-t-he-€it:-y----et-e--~'-.. .-.---. .-....--.------.--------------
-~-----wur~ conomi:c-a-tty--t1:'reT-cuu-ld--gi-ve-overand-'ahove~1:hey-are-~ing---~~
to the Cfounty in sales tax, if not developed you have control over that.
----~-.."----._.----~~T ~_.._------:--.,--,,--,--,---,-,~._,.---,,--,-_.."..,-,-"_..."-_...._.~~._~-_._._,,-~"'-.,--.~-----'-------,,,--.~. -'-----..__'__~-.._-""..-__'-~_,+---..--...---.--.-------'_:.c..__':_"'.....;---~,'-..,...~,,--
.______Whi take i=_ ~E'! lat~.<L!o__E-.().flt:J:>y__deE~.t"t~~!l:t:"'.l1~.c:l1~~El.__fl_t:lJ:>!I1.~:t::_te<!._ b~"l'1r __WuEI___._
sometim ago. Cost per acre $1,879 x 80 acres would cost the City
_______ahout_$_ O..,_QO.o.__(r.el.ating__t.o.Z.o_l.iU!LAnne.zaJ:.:i..Q1LL___RQ.I!.J,~'Lg~.L~ 5 5 . 00____---
and acr on ad valorem x 80 would be $4400.00. This annexa ton would
-~---eBs-~--.~h -Gi-t-y-.$-145-j:GOO..-.--W-it~cl-USt.er-de:velo.pment-woul.cL.cos.t......tb.e__C.iq:
less.
Baxter
----th~ng-o
that mu
_____ Home"yeJ;"
without
_..____._et.c.. .-.._._
When the City annexes, County does not lose directly. Only
g-woutQ15e.roa-d-ana.-.-Dtidge-.f(1n(Un.-g:..-Stretlf"--do-e-s~TIot-patroT---"~~
!:t':"~<::_()l1~"t:~._~o~!.~_~:r_() b_a~~~__~av~.Ill~~~~__"()!1c,~1'!.J:l-=1':a t io1'!.~:....____,_"_
=,l;:j,!.Ll;:bt:.Y., iLSJ1!=_ro.\l!l,cl~(I_~y_p_e.2_pl"~~!l9~ilE~_~fl_~~~__<:: ity services
being a part of the City and not being able to vote in the City
------G-emeew-i. ---Ar:e--we-t;-a-Ik-ing~abQ.u-t--anne~-tion-. befcn--e--Dev..elopme.n.t..-er .'l f te.l:______
One of ur reasons is to get control. Maybe that is not too valid.
~-'--I-rttre' - --tr-.Z '-g-.agre-e-on--poli:cy-.that would-ali-evat-e.-cl-eve10pmetl-t~orc
annexat'on. @RX Other thing that bears on land use would be in watex-
----as--a-re.. ilIsTte-for--developmen:e-pernapsthe ..way-e-o-gb-WCH:rl-d~be--wittr-
______s_~bdivi ion regulations rathe:r than zoning. If City .and CQunty not
a llowd strlcts and-wi th--that k:LndoT-agreemenffee-l-flie-lanause
______,:No_ul.d.....iIl .~_e__tQ_.change_dx_asj;j.c_a.lly.,--aJ).Q.__.t1:),g...J!las. t~:r__lJ....la!l_'___________"____~_____
----Bcw;l:;.er- .-F-ina-I-decis-i0t1-on-di.s.tr_icts___is....up__.to__the.__PiatricL.._c.o_UrL__
Only wa would stand up in court would be if done wisely. When we get
---,.,-thi-s-'-l:-a -use-pr{}gram-there-tnay-.be--are-as---t:ha~..-a!Ce---i-dea1-y--sui....t;ed-fu:t'-..-~_c____~
develop ent but with no water. You have to consider all these factors.
'~--"----If-ljui1--on1:y--whe-re.-tner1r--is-.wll.ter-;-al:t-th'e-.:tu.s-n-area-s--wftl--he---bui:l:t---._-~~
______--9n _.Ie_~ l~JL.:t::!1:EO!__c!EX~_ll.~"e bE.~~!t_ a:r_(;!_a a_~_.?l'_(;!_n __~p~_c-= ~_ _ __ ___ _ ______
_~_tgal~_
but wor
Whitake
---4isadva.
raise 0
Wurl -
----nas a
Last in
his R.uts control into the realtor. Zoning cannot be c1iscrimnatory.
in-a prat t itaT--sense-:---------.-~-------"-----------
--._'--'_._~---~'--_._~'--,._-,-~-----'---.._-<-"'-----~.
s relates to development and tap fees, most of the development
n-praceoul:siCle tne--C-i-t-Y-"ll.n""Clpay--tl'1:e--outsi-de--eiLy L,Clp fee
rese in water rates was in 1967. J
--,-~-","---:--c--,---_._-_,,",,----,__________~_~,"-.___,--".__._;,
Shecte~ -=-_What_are t:h.~_gJ.'!y__gi:Q.ri.ti~es~_..~ast_or _",es..t~u
,
------Wur;1.- T
area wi h
._~'--~._'-
Molny -
.----move ou
. 5-.Up......fox....r.e:v: i f"L.at___t b i R
no real prio:i:ities
tiTT)P._._J'.r.i9x__t.9_j;_h.:i...~LW.I!L9!l over al). ..__-'
-~~-~.~~~:...:.:...._--.;..:..;.;.
_.~;~-'--"
Feel
o
it is to the west because the lumber company
e (;Hy hmH"s--wh-i-cl1-wa"Scr-:toFs-tO-the--Clty.
etc. had to
'~-":rr
...,.
("",
~
'_--':-""---:---'_"":---"'___""'~~'-":-".~"""~_~_'-:--:-_'-',"<",:_.~~-L,--'--'.:":":-,"-,~~~.,.:";"'.'''''"-~~--:-'--'~''':':--::-----:--C-~'''---'-''''''----o'"-'-,~,..,-'-~~c..-,~-~".:,_:..;,..;,__".-.~_'._ ':
Bartel -
_____ __Cil:-y:__
provide
---.-ge-lf-c-0\i
The County has not considered the application that is before the
de '--'d'ffl' . "''hC''b hl .
y_ n~t:.U-~ ~ er.ent. app. :LC.at~OIL._._--L e.._ ~ty.__~8-... _e.tte.r " a.._t.D-..__._ ____
he service to this t.ype of develop1I)ent same as around the
s.e-.----'r-he-v.a-l-id4.j;y--e.f- .t-h:i,s---al'l1:'1e-lf"ai;-i-0.B---i:s---Ehe~.e.--------------.----~---
, , , , " ',' , "
---..-c-'7-S-arna-rd-- -D"O-t1orf~~-t.-Y(H.r--ca:n.-c"OntroJ:--d~vel-op1lient--by--z"Oni:ng-:-c-Sub1li:vi:sron:-------"~...~
regulati 'sand water x policy. Zoning just seperatesuses. Do not
--- -ffiink fEPlan-- cancro-fh-af-;---f'fneeas--mor~neTp~-ffi1en rfcwaif pas sea-------~---
_____ ~~~r_~ we E:!~Q~E:!thi_!l.g~ _ 0l'l.__tJ2,E:!:r_eJ:1113t:_hl3.f>_.<i1J::E:!_~dy_j1_<ll>.p_~!l..e_<L DRG t:r acks ___,
pulled 0 t, 1l!l. dump was moved.. etc.
Bartel - Each enitity shoudl go back and implement those. reconnnendaticJUs
..--..--e-f---t-he-.. an--.t;hat;--t-hey..aJ:;€ -resJ3GIl-sili-I-e.cfor....--May.be--GGWR-zGffing.-..fcacG-i--l-k.,:Le-,.-++-___.-
view con rol, seperation of vehicle and pedestrian. Should not wait for
---,...---ehe'c~land 'ers-but.--the -eniti:e s' . shou.h:l..-do-it.;.--..:---..-.-.----.------'~--
-----jjaxter-:;; a:a-'we-a6rie--tliift -. 6urz6ning-wo-1IldaUow-foT'IiiCfre' den1riTy--nan .-----------'
the dens ty on the books today. We have been relucant .to change
.__.~_..~~.__~__---------L _.._.._'_"_____..._'__'''_..._._,_''.___'_'_~._.___''___'____..__,_____.'-"___ '___~.:....---~'--+~-:'~-.."'--.~'--'~,.--.--'---."".,~""----"~____,_'".~"m__"_~,..---.."----~_______________~".__.~,~...;.:..:..:.----'----~---..--.;'~,-'
from A & F to R-IS or R-30 thats shown in the plan. If we change it
___.._~y.5!t..Y.y.e L_~.f;; j;:h_~._~gg~ gJJ::h~..C_:i,t.Y_.9_nCl..~l:!,Q.w_d_~n~j.J::Lthe_1;_~......w_:ll1 J:>.~ ___________s:~__
growtho the edge of the City.
II
.-'--.-..~.-..--.---..--....--.tl--..-...~-..----.---.............-.----..-...-.-...----...---......-..---.-.,-. ----....--------.-----.---
Bartel -(iGreatest danger in up dating the plan, you make it so flexible
-.-.-.-----t-hat---yo\i~-cie.R.,.t--have-.a-I)l.an.-at---al-I.......- -------.....-...c-. .......-~_..------_-_--..
...._.....~~x~~~~l~~. .:~~~C~~;~ d~~e~i~o:a~;~ t~~;~S~y;~cr~~' ~:~f~;~s;~:~m:~~~~ce ..-c-
.. ........ ...-6ut15eca~se-theY <:lTdn'fliaveariybtlier. p la:ce'.. togo.- --.---------..-...- ------c-->,--
--. .-Adams-::-~e-elthe--P&'-Zlssho-uid.-get-togei::her ..Iii -smaIFgroups- with --the--------
.____EJannj.n gJ f iC~___9nc;l_~J::'~_9_~~J:><!$_:i,s_:r;Q.:Lxg9.e S.j...g1;LQLt..h.~'.12ll!rr,
Adjourne at 6:00 p.m.
~ ~
GEHE:RAL QUEST! ONS ON ..l~EXil.T:r: ud POI,J;QI
1. Is it the City's. policy to encourage annexation and accept all proper
petitions? If no, under l-ihat circumstances should Oity discourage
annexation?
2. Should the City require a minimum area? If yes, what minimum?
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Should the Oi tv refuse an annexation because it could not furn:\.sh Oi ty
utilities within a given period? Define and explain time period?
Should the Oity refuse annexation because of extremely high costs in
providinG municipal services to the area?
Should the city encourage annexation for the purpose of providing appro-.
priate development controls? I'!as this a factor in the Ri vers1de llnnex?
Is it a factor in the Calderwood Annex?
Should the City have any general plan and policy indicating areas it
would like to annex within the next few years?
Should the Oity encourage or require persons wishing to annex to include
other properties which the O"ffier may not want annexed?
\That
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
is the best way of establishing boundary l1nes along Oounty roads?
on the near side
on the far side
center of road
at .least one lot depth from road
9. If an ormer ,;ishes to annex~.only part of his property, even though all
his property is eligible, should the City require he annex the entire
parcel?
10. Should the City require surrender of water rights controlled by the
annexing property?
11. Should the City require pUblic land donaticn at the time of annexation?
Or should it be required at a later date?
12. Should land needed for streets and rights of way and easement be de-
dicated at the time of annexation?
13.. Should the City try to determine the future need for public l~ld and
take steps at the time of annexation to reserve this land?
14. llliere City utility lines had previously been extended beyond Oity limits,
should the City make a charge against the annexing property owners for
these utility lines as one condition of annexation?
and Oi ty
HOvT?
Do you require annexing property ovmers to bring their streets
utilities up to City standards as one condition of annexation?
Should we allow a time period?
16. 1nlere sub-standard conditions exist (sub-standard housing, inadequate
sanitation, animal nuisances, etc.) should these conditions be corrected
prior to annexation? If no, how would they be corrected after
annexation? .
15.
I~
.,.-,
17. Should the City. charge an annexation filing fee? \n10 pays for plats,
maps, copies of contracts, fact sheets, etc.?
18. Ho,.r much time should be alloned for revie,'r of annexation petition be-
fore the City Coundl acts?
19. Should the City establish zoning at the time of annexation? 2hould it
adopt the same County zoning? ;ihat revien 1-Iould be needed to determine
if the County zoning should be changed?
20. Should the CitY,require platting or sub-dividing of all undeveloped
land in the annexing area prior to annexation? Or should density
limits be substituted for platting?
21. Is metes and bounds sub-dividing allowed by the City?
22. Should the City set restrictions on the type of the development in
8..-11nexing areas ,rhere unusual topography, ,.rater conditions, etc. limit
the suitability of the area for certain types of development?
23. Should the City establish extra-territorial jurisdiction over all
land development within three miles of the City boundaries as allowed
by Colorado Revised 3tatutes, 1953, Chapter 139, ""rticle 59?
Source: "Questionnaire on ,Jlnexation Polic;y and Procedures" - aolorado
Municipal League
Comments: These questions should be applied to Riverside .,nnex to determine
what policies have already been established and what has been neglected.
Then, apply the questions to Calder1"rood _.nnex.
Although, East Aspen Patent area is not a true annexation, the effect
on the City will be that of the annexation of undeveloped territory.
Precedents established in the Riverside Annex will apply to East _.spen.
As there is one tract of over 30 acres in East Aspen, it is vital that
sub-division standards and reGulations be adopted.
It is necessary that ,.re have standards of performance and their cost.
on City services (e.g., costs per bloc~ for street paving, curbs and
gutter, maintenance, snow removal, etc.) in order to calculate costs
to City to supply services to people and areas. .
It is necessary that a study be made of the assessments and revenues
.in the City showing a breakdorffi between tourist, business and residen-
tial and old and n~w improvements.
Background Reading Available:
Municipal League releases on annexation, urban problems ro1d re-
apportionment.
"Municip.al Costs and Revenues Resulting from Community GrorTth II - by.
l;. Isard 8..-'1d R. COUChlL,.
"ThePlanninc; Aspects of Annexation and of Service ,Il.:reas" - by
l-l. Kurtz, Chief 11.e80aroh I'lanner, Denver, Colo.rade.
, . 1"""'>.
-~. -<
;"'''.' ! ;:.1 1
A A ~
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, "i I! j. n f' I ,\', '''\1 ,I
~~,y\1,-\"Y;2"'--"L) ~~ ~
Fa I' Environmental (;' Quality
.274 Madison Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10016
I
I
I CONTE1\JTS
" ENDANGERED ISLAND
I ' by Julie Paltenglll! Turrentine, Educator .
SERVING THE EARTH
I by McGeorge Bundy, President, Ford Foundation
i and Gordon Harrison, Program Officer, Ford Foundation . . . 15
11iiid~~t'ryS;;YS - ---"-
I !ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT NEED '-,
, INOT BE IN'CONFLICT "7
: I ..!!yj?ob_ert O:.../!!!q~o~l Chairman nf the Board
,t l..,.__.and ~1~i:LE:eeutive Olffeer. Atlantic Richfield Company. . , 19
I . Frontiers .
II "SUPERCORE" TURNS HOUSE INTO RECYCLER
I by Clinton G. Bush, Jr.. President,
Concepts & Directions, fnc. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Environmental Careers
BE AN ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEER
by adorn Fanning,
authorofHOpportunitiesinEnllironmentalCareers" .....26
. , .. . . . 10
Departmcn ts
AUTHORS . . . . .2
LETTERS To The Editor .4
BOUQUET . . , . . . .8
WHAT YOU CAN DO .29
NEWS . . . . . . . . . . 30
RECENT BOOKS .. . 40
Environmental EDUCATION AIDS .43
COVER: Nantucket Island by Steven C. Turrentine
Library of Congress Card Number: 70-22957
PUBLISHER: Nelson Buhler
Director of Advertising: Gardner A. Phinney
Consultants: John Walker Hundley Enterprises
Publication Office: CATALYST for Environmental Quality, 274 Madison Avenue,
N.Y., N.Y. 10016, CATALYST is published quartcrly-Spring, Summer, Fall,
Winter.
Subscription rat~s: $5 per year in the U.S. and Canada; $8 per year elsewhere.
Single copies $1.50. Special rate for students-$4 per year.
Subscriptions and address changes should be addressed to Circulation Depart.
ment, CATALYST. 274 Madison Avenuc, New York. N.Y. 1.0016. Controlled
circulation postage paid at Concord, New Hampshire.
For advertising rates and other information, contact Gardner A. Phinney,
CATALYST, 274 Madison Ave., N.Y., N.Y, 10016. Phone: 212-684-6661.
a recommended publication of the
1J}JlI" .,..
.' if" ;,'~':'
. ,?,~, ~~::;:,;..;
I
~
J
~
For example, we must conserve energy use without hinder~
ing the individual's mobility or his chance to improve his
station in life. With already established population increases,
there .is no hope of "saving" our way out of our problems
with less total energy consumption. And we can only go so
far in using less energy without retarding social improvement.
But we can and must fInd ways of utilizing energy more
effIciently. We can use smaller cars, for example, and we
need 1.0 develop bettcr mass transit systems, iinprove insula~
tion in our homes, and re-cycle, wherever possible, our basic
resources.
We desperately need a national energy policy which will
encourage the production of more energy, hold down aUf
dependence on foreign nations, and still let us accomplish
our national social goals, We need a policy that also en-
courages wise usage of energy, because, even if we are success~
ful in producing more. we cannot produce enough to cover
our present extravagant consumption.
~~""\:~.o/"l':,....-~":,,,..l' .'7' "":';,.;,:'t.a::!t'~~::,~~,;~t;":O"l"..:<~ry~~3i!
"Technology is our only hope for
solving the environmental problem."
~:"'-=-ryr~'~::::::"~~"",,,;,;.'J~J."1~s;.1V;;'~~7~':':":~''r:~~7:0~iZ
So we have two problems which, to some, would appear to
be in conflict: energy and environment. While technology has
been pointed to as the culprit, actually it is our only hope for
solving the environmental problem. I agree with the scientist
who recently saId, "Technology and ecology are by no means
at war; it is merely that they have suddenly discovered each
other.."
We cannot go back in time to a less productive society, so_
we must find new ways to use energy and still maintain an
acceptable environmel]l. We can do this only if all 'segments
s>f society work together toward that common goal. 1}1e
adversary confrontation approach 10 restructuring public
policy will not work, for the situations created by this
approach only threaten to sacrifice the welfare and even the
well-being of our citizens.
Perhaps it will help to note some examples of good en:
vironmental adjustments that are already well along. Over
3,000 federal agency and department actions have 'been the
object of environmental impact statements now on file with
the Council on Environmental Quality. The range of projects
and actions which have had the benefit of this federal and
public examination goes from dams and harbor projects to
sewage treatment plants and highways. Clearly most, if not.
all, federal officials and business leaders are now having to
think more carefully about the environmental impact of the
actions being proposed.
Many major corporations have already placed the environ-
mental protection function at a key. policy point in both
staff and line operations. The day of the corporate vice
president for envlromnental affairs has arrived, and he is not
a fIgurehead but a substantive policy-making officer.
}>t
CATALYST
,N.,.~, ,~, ..~c.
...... TDh~ .. WQA~-~t .+':~~ll..Cl&-:~ ..
, ~':'..
':ij~::?";'
/ '. . .. POLITIOAL REALITIESiN'ANNEXAT.IOi,
' ..,. .,. .'. .. . ';/:ti
:Aspen is a Oi ty that is essentially a trade . location a1; th.e foctof the.:."j
ID.oUntaini It is on the main: highway and is the seat .for. the County gov:ernment,.'.i.'1
So, presently, we have a linii ted function for our City, it serves the .residen:-.' "'1
.tial trade area aI).d the i{ourists. The biggest payrolls aI).d public facili tiesz'. .:..1
'are in the County~ The largest investments and the greater potentials for ex;.."';1
panding are outside the Oity~ A new shopping center in the County could furthesr-,;,('I
'restrict the City to more entertainment and tourist functions. . ..' /' <1
.'1
;'The fact is that the highway, courthouse and residential shopping could be':;;
. moved, but not the ski mountain. /~ii
.' '~J
"/";:'i"\"!/1" ,,~;:"" ': ':;;;"":<~;~,h::s::",:';:"'~::;"<:: r",
So actually the City has a limited function unless it can seize the
.and financial power .to control the surrounding area. r:
.. ..1
Claims that the City is responsible for the growth of the area simply divides. ;.'!
the community because it is saying in effect, the City did more than the . ...: i
County. City and County, urban and rural-suburban, call them what you .vTilJ:, .... //1
are both necessary parts of the community. It is a great mistake to say the "..,1
. City government is a common agency that can satisfaotorily solve community . ,,;.'1
:gro,-rth problems. . ,.;]
There is a. nationwide movement to give the cities more po,Ter... Suggested bB..ls;j
. on reapportionment and annexation are in the State leg:i.slature. These are "."
,drafted to overcome rural-suburban resistance to the territorial and politicz<l '.
, ambitions of the majority party ~ .':: !
.'Because big cities oan deliver the vote in state and national elections, the;)".. d" ;
receive extra attention from the pOliticians. The federal government has a' .. ".;
i.deli berate program of building poli tical power in its urban rene,-ral programs ,." ;. ,.j
'its labor legislation and defense contract policies, federally supported public ,;.1
.;housing and social welfare programs, etc. The forced growth of the. ci ties...f.BiI
creates complicated problems, overwhelm!.ng numbers of voters and large patrona:ge::~!
''l:'hus, city politicians encourage the annexation and reapportionment legislation;:}:::
1;0 'further complicate the situation and discourage reform. It is extremely.., /;'1
d.iff:i.cult to buck the machine under these circumstances. ' '. ..:"(:;;1
. . ...,,:1
~J:~~{k:' ~~v:~: ~:~' .:u~: ~~:n~~~ ~~~i~:;i;::,~' .::'~: r::fio;~ i:~~, ...........:...:...'.......'..,'..'.,..,.::.:.....1,1."
moves tovTard instant annexation. Because tax revenues are not sufficient .to.. . ':
pay for City services in rssiden tial areas, we have the City going into the
utility monopoly business to finance. expansion with profits. The City was ad:-::":-:,
:Vised by its water engineer to use the City water system as a club to force,>"::~::j
,annexation. Why Should we tie an archaic political structure to a water maiIl?!;{,:!
'::',.", "- " :: ' " , ,,', ,", ",::,::,::'::-;.>",:',:::..,:.>'),\'\f"""
Our Federal Planning grant is channeled thru the City government, fil though the ,~/
.County actually has most of the problems and need for this program. It is .: ... .
extremely unfortunate that the City-County division exists. Everything must .
.. be ,done to combine these entities until they are replaced by a nevT system
bY-State ~egislation.
'.1\:c tually , the C oun ty and rural living
does. When we annex suburbs, we take
Ci~ty in the first place.
appeals to more people than the
in voters .i-rho didn I t want to be
" ' -', -"", . ,', " ',.
","..-,
?ity. ..... :..
~n the .
. ~i"
':-;
~..".".....'.:
~---
"
t"",
n
Political Realities in Apnexation ~
It seems that Aspen will. actually be giving away its political balance of
power thru annexation because eventually the new residential population will
out-number and out-vote the old time City residents, the merchants and the
lodge owners. .
Country home ovrners don't have much in common with the governmental needs
of City tradeSmen, hotel managers, and bartenders. Because of annexation,
we may find ourselves forced together in an unsatisfactory system. Instaad
of living tog~ther in a small friendly town, we may find ourselves joined
together in a sprawl of dis-similar interests; l'fe may find ourselves voting
our interests against one another.
Be sure to read the outline u State Legislative Action
KNCB Moore 1/18/63
~~~"~ .... '&.i
,~
1"".
i,iOTAL OOJlCEPTS I:L\L.!,~'illli!1.IQ:X
"... at this year's Design Conference, we had Mr. Robert Weaver of the HHFA.
Mr. Weaver is dedicated to the use of the power of his agency to solve the
social welfare problems in the cities and suburbs. We are all familiar with
the FHA mortgage insurance program that led the way for huge suburban housing
sprawls. Today, Mr. 1feaver says that these suburbs as a status symbol must
be destroyed. He plans to redesign cities and suburbs so that he can elim-
inate the attitudes of single race, economic and class exclusiveness."
(\
Suggested Reading:
Restrictions for the Calderwood Subdivision
The Death and Life of Great lilllerican Cities by Jane Jacobs
The government has the
we live in as a group.
social framework.
power and responsibility to plan and organize the land
The exercise of this power has an effect on our
If the City of Aspen establishes a policy of accepting sub-divisions into the
City it tends to encourage sub~divisions to be developed. By offering utili-
ties and services, the City actually is sponsoring annexation of residential
projects.
Host sub-diVisions have restrictions on the use of the land and the style of
architecture. Thus, these projects attract people who voluntarily accept
these restrictions upon their private property. It is only natural that
these people are similar in taste and outlook and become somewhat segregated
from the rest of the community~ For purposes of illustration it might be
said that restricted sub-divisions are the "fraternities on the community
campus". I am sure you have read of the attempts to abolish fraternities in
the colleges and universities of the U.S. Actually, there is an interesting
parallel between Mr. Weaver's indictment of artificial social status in sub-
divisions and the attempts to ban the social injustice of fraternities from
the campus. Both schools of thought believe that governing bodies should en-
courage variety and diversity in social contacts and are against institutions
that foster class distinctions.
Originally, Aspen had less social stratification than it has now. We all
share the sentiment attributed to Mrs. Tukey Jonas by the Sat Eve Post - "Go
to a party here, and, just as often as not, you're liable to find someone
like Thornton Wilder off in the corner, talking literature with the town
barber. That wouldn't go in the Bast. Things are more informal here, more
fun, more Aspen."
Will the encouragement of sub-divisions with restrictions like Calderwood's
preserve the sort of thing Tukey is saying: that Aspen is more fun because
it is more democratic and less conformist than the East? How will these
suburbanites fit into the scheme of the unsegregated city that has many of
the characteristics and people that the restrictions do not allow or encourage
in the sub-division?
As the greatest opportunity for population growth lies outside the city, and
the real estate trend is tOvTard large, self-contained developments - Should
the city allow these social values to become the standard for the city when it
is impossible (and unadvisable) for the city to establish the same sort of
restrictions?
Increased pressures toward conformity may be a hidden cost in the annexation
of sub-divisons.
KNeE lo1oore
1/18/63
^
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STATE LEGISLATIVE AOTION ON LOCAL GOVERNMENT JURISDIOTION AND FINANOE
From Governor Love's message to the Oolorado Legislature: "The Denver-
Metropolitan area is an outstanding, but not the only, example of the growth
of the new urban problems of a new era. Because this tremendous urban growth
is rapidly encompassing several counties in and around Denver, a responsible
and responsive state government can no longer stand aloof and expect the
citizens at the local level to meet these problems with antiquated local
government structures and inadequate financing. Everywhere, in the midst
of unprecedented growth and progress, we see examples of government lagging
behind in the solution .of problems of increasing traffic congestion, water
and sewage treatment needs, air pollution, the overlapping of small special
districts, recreation, annexation, zoning, police and fire protection and
many others with which we are all familiar.
I commend the legislature for its recognition of this important area by
the establishment of standing committees in both houses. I should like to
see the state government address itself immediately to these unique and
pressing problems of urban areas, not to serve any particular group or county"
but to begin to help bring solutions to the citizen who lives with the
problems."
From an article by MartyUolf in Cervi's Journal: "Oolorado needs a con-
stitutional convention and it may finally get one. The Oolorado Constitution
was drarm up in 1876. There has never been a convention to update this vital
document. We are operating under a cumbersome, antiquated set of rules
which desperately require revamping and modernization to meet the complex
needs of today's state ,government.... Problems such as reapportionment,
annexation, metropolitan and oounty governmental structure, taxation, the
old age pensio'1plan,civil service procedures and election laws have all
been nailed dOrm to some extent by the Constitution as it now stands. Olari-
fication and modernization are needed."
From an information sheet of the Colorado Municipal League: "As Harold H.
~fartin has described it in the Saturday Evening po~t, 'Vlhat we are witnessing
now, and will continue ,to witness for several generations to come...is one
of the greatest migrations in human history, a revolution in land use which
destroys forever the old patterns of human habitation.'
If the causes of many municipal headaches brought on by this incredible
growth can be summed up in a single statement, it probably would be: present
governmental, political and administrative patterns are totally inadequate
to meet the new problems. Oities splash across county lines. Suburb-sleep-
ing daytime populations of core cities greatly increase the cities' costs
without enhancing the cities' tax base. .And police protection for at least
one urban area of more than 100,000 people is still provided by the county
sheriff system vrhich originated in medieval England. Again to quote l,r.
Martin: 'Stubbornly cherishing the illusion that we are still a rural
nation, we are trying to impose the economic and social patterns of the
urban twentieth century on the political sub-divisions of the horse-and-
buggy days.'"
Nelson Rockefeller put it this way: "AS the irresistible forces of the se-
cond half of our century collide with the immovable forms and structures of
the first half, the stresses are sometimes acute. Most metropolitan areas
today have outdistanced their governments, with the result that they have no
common agency or satisfactory method of dealing with area-rride problems."
KNCB Moore 1/23/63
t""".
.t""".
UTILITIES OHEOKLIST
]cIdER DEPARTMENT
A qualtfied engineering firm should update the water report of 1956. A
schedule comparing yearly figures should be prepared covering the following:
~allons of water consumed showing increase or decrease 1956-1962
Number of ;;ater taps showing inorease or decrease 1956-1962
Utility plant investment per tap
Operating revenues per tap - this could show commercial and residential
revenue
Balance of net income per tap
G~llons pumped per tap
Electric power pump expense per 1,000 gals.
Gallons pumped
Total cos~ per 1,000 gals. pumped
Balance of net income per 1,000 gals.
These figures would analyze the present system and establish standards that
could be applied to annexation demands. The figures would also show what
our present above ground storage should be. They could be projected to
estimate the timing for new wells, or surface supplies. This forecast wouldi
give us lead time for engineering, construction and financial planning be-
fore added supply is needed.
The areas proposed for .annexation should then be surveyed for pipeline
supply system and estimated cost. Projections should be made on the basis
of experience showing when the capital investment would be recovered from
water taps and sales. OonsUmption figures should be taken into account in
the forecast for added supply. Most important would be the capital needed
by the water system to keep up with normal growth and with annexations.
Riverside Annex figures could be used as an example. Oalderwood and East
Aspen would be examples for projections. In addition to the above, investi-
gations should be made into the effects of surge and air hammer on existing
piping and equipment. An analysis should be run by a water treatment firm
to determ~ne if any treatment is advisable.
A Hunter Oreek water supply system should be surveyed. A reservoir with a
slo;; sand filter has been proposed. Additional water rights may be available,
ELEOTRIC DEPARTMENT
Estimate cost of condemnation of Holy Oross facilities needed to connect and
serve Riverside Annex, Oalder;;ood, East Aspen Patent, and all other areas in
range of annexation. Project time needed to recapture investment from sales
in these areas. Oompare and analyze city rate structure with Holy Cross.
Estimate electric department surplus available for transfer to other depart-
ments after rebuilding and condemnations. A consumer analysis comparison by
years by meter is needed on a similar basis as the above water schedule.
The proposed planning contract covers such utility studies involved in
planning the Aspen region to 1980.
KNeE Moore 1/25/63
".._r.< . .._l.
~
~.
~&2m
In 1955, proceedings were initiated to clear up the title and political.
status of the East Aspen Patent area. In 1958 the Bureau of Land Management
granted the City a patent to the territory with the mayor as trustee.
Presently, there are some technical difficulties that prevent the city from
obtaining jurisdiction in the East Aspen Patent. .
If and when the city does assume responsibility for the area and levies and
collects taxes, the city will have to provide services in the area.
Property owners and residents of East Aspen Patent will be able to sell or
finance land and improvements when they secure good title. City water, road
maintenance, fire hydrants, police protection, etc. will be needed.
With the possibility that land use will be scattered and slow in developing,
the City is faced with a large investment in engineering, utilities, roads,
etc. without much return for a number of years.
This area has the greatest possi bili ty for mining acti vi ty, although the pre..
sent County zoning is residential. .Tb.e city may change the zoning in this
area so that it is more flexible and realistic based on the historic use,
future needs of the city and the rights .of the owner. Of coursel resumption
of mining would bring industrial taxes and payroll to the City. It would
probably put heavy traffic on the road to the railyards and increase the
railroad frelg~t traffic in Aspen.
If the. city can gain the c~operation of th~ property owners in this area,
there is a good opportunity to make an up-to-date plan for a more balanced
community than is presently possible under zoning. This plan would take in-
to account mining and traffic circulation, as well as parks and other nec-
essary public facilities~ A School site might be feasible in this location.
We are lucky ~hat the land in the East Aspen Patent is not developed. It
affords the City an opportunity to show the proper use of planning and zoning,
There is the possibility that the area could be made more self-supporting by
an enlightened approach to land use and the needs of the local economy.
Actually, when you think of it, we are lucky that Aspen itself is not
highly developed, planning has a more free hand because of it. Some reasons
why Aspen has not ~rown as rapidly as other towns are its remote location,
its seasonal economy, its lack of large government projects, and the absence
of conventional financing.
But in time these factors will change. The Ruedi Reservoir project will
cost in the millions and take many years to complete. The highway program
in Glen;TOod C8.11yon and on Independence Pass road will give Aspen more traffiu ,.
The price of silver, because of increased industrial useage and fears of
inflation may rise to the point that ,"spen's mines ;,ill open again.
Planning is forecasting and timing. Planning in East Aspen will have to
take into account the place for industry in the local scene. ~~ch of this
will be predicated on the price of silver. It is a challenge to a planner,
real estate and social values hang in the balance.
KNCB Moore
1/23/63
..~,
."
f"""\. ANNEXA'I'ION STATEMENT
tl~h
Annexation provides certain real advantages for the solu-
tion of area problems because 1) it provides for area wide
performance of services without establishing an overiapping
government, 2) it broadens the geographical base for the admin-
istration and financing of local government services and 3)
its use permits the orderly development of vacant outlying
areas..
Recent studies have shown that the most significant burden
on a municipality is not brought about by growth within its
boundaries but the growth its economy generates outside its
corporate limits and governmental jurisdiction, In virtually
every metropolitan area in the country, cities have outgrown
their boundaries and they find themselves surrounded by other
incorporated towns or worse yet a host of special districts
usually servicing one function, i.e., fire, water, sanitation
.and parks and recreation, as well as other. More times than
not the suburban population exceeds that of the core city.
Although the city lacks governmental authority outside its
limits, it nonetheless is expected to take a large share in
sustaining the surrounding suburbs by virtue of the burden
placed upon the city functions they utilize.
"The problems of proliferation of governmental units and
lack of cohesion which results in the inability of citizens
to pinpoint responsibility is a nationwide problem, Such
fractionalization generally means costly duplications and in-
efficiency. The country has undergone a kind of urban living
revolution, but unfortunately governmental structures have
not pro~en to be flexible enough to adapt and grow with the
needs ot the population, Many areas of the country are almost
hopel~ssly ensnarled in a bewildering mesh of local government
entities. The metropolitan New York area is reported to have
over 1400 units of local government. Every major population
center reports the same kind of problem.
Tr.e largenumber of cities in many urban counties would
indicate that the creation of new cities has been a popular
solution to the problem of urban growth. However, experience
seems to indicate that the creation of a number of municipalities
in a contiguous urban area is a shortsighted solution which
only compounds the problem at a later date, It has been
repeatedly noted that independent. municipalities in a single
metropolitan area make areawide problem solutions very diffi-
cult, if not impossible. Multiple, independent municipalities
franctionalize the economic resources of an area, It prevents
economies of scale. It results in reoeated inefficient dupli-
cations of effort. It calls for makeshift attempts at coordi-
nation and cooperation which add additional bureaucratic insti-
tutions and further complicates the ability of the citizen to
understand and fix responsibility for governmental problems.
r
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Ii
The most common solution to the problems of proliferation
of governmental units is the annexation of urban areas into
municipalities. Annexation is generaily most effective if it
is carried out a step ahead of growth in an area. In this way
the City provides services as the area grows,"
The governmental structure should be 1) responsive to the
needs of the total local community, 2) easily understood, 3)
simplified as to the pinpointing of responsibility, 4) able to
provide necessary services at a minimum burden to its taxpayers
and 5) able to provide the capability and flexibility to plan
for and meet the needs of the present and future.
The results of many studies and reports reflect that until
a better structure is developed that annexation by the existing
core city is the best answer to solving metropolitan problems.
Even though Aspen is a small community, the problems, past,
present and future are the same as in a large metropolitan area.
It is extremely important that we view the entire Aspen area as
a total community and on that basis set about to solve our
problems. In order to accomplish our goals we must have
jurisdiction over whatever we establish as our community and
to do this we must annex.
In conclusion it is~my recommendation that the Council
maintain their present policy of an aggressive annexation
program. As a matter of fact, the program should be a very
high priority and accelerated and maintained until completed.
~~ ~.wJ
Leon A. Wurl
City Manager
1l/l.2/71
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Ii
List of unchlorinated public water supplies that shoUld have dates set on
them:
-, -~
Jute Ave. water
jRed Mountain .water
-'Aspen Golf Course, lodge, restaurant, etc.
JHighlands
iT Lazy 7
IElk Mtn.
,I /Toklat Lodge
'<Lazy Glen Trailer Court
'-Woody Creek " "
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'v.roe Fiou" "
J,Kekar II
J;Phillips II
"iVBigelow II
.{~Samuelson Subd.
,',' :fG.a:tcevray ~o Snowmass. S.ubll..
! Snowmass Subd.
.. -VLittle Elk SuM.
.. '-v'''Shield 0" Subd. ,
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,/ Brewer Subd..
. l13tarwood Subd.
~'Redstone Ranch Acres Subd.
/: - - -"
. Redstone Mesa Subd.
VJlRB Resort
Vsrethower Subd. (water district)
/Sw:iss Village
/Meredi th
v'Thomasville
IN .
V orr~e
/Horseshow bend
vWhite Horse Springs
~~~~~~ G;~~~ reD"'" q ~~
'Hiley's Sllbd.
.;w/~ Subd. ....
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RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS
100 Leaves
FORM 10 C.F.HOtCKtLB.B.ll: l. CO.
Excerpt fro~ Minutes, August 10, 1971
"Annexation Policy - Council agreed to take an agressive stand on
annexations and instructed Manager Wur1 to submit at the next meeting
proposed boundaries outlined on a map and an outline."
Excerpt from Minutes, August 24, 1971
"Annexation Report - Manager Wurl submitted his recommendations on a
map of annexation to the west including up to Knol1wood; to the North
to include Red Mountain; to the west to include the industrial area
(excluding the airport) and also up Castle and Maroon to include the
Marolt and Thomas properties."
Councilman Comcowich moved that the City Council go on record of being
in favor of this annexation program with the boundaries as indicated
with the provision that the Planning and Zoning review this program
for their comments. Seconded by Councilman Walls. All in favor, motion
carried."
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EXCERPT FROM "CONMUNITY ACTION FOR 'ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY"MagEzine
ZONING
Let us now turn to the tools for conserving the community's land and
water resources. The layman cannot be expected to master all of the
technical details, but it is important that he know the main outlines.
Because of recent enabling legislation there are more tools available
than ever before. But public officials do not necessarily know about
them, and where they do, they can be unduly cautious about trying some-
thing new. To build a fire under them you must be familiar with the
principal approaches and what they can do.
lLcoadly speakin~, there are two ways the local government can act ~D
conserve its land and water resources. It can use its police power to
zone land so that it won't be misused, or it can buy the land or, an
interest in it so that it will be well used.
Zoning is the most iwmediately appealing tool; it doesn't cost any-
thing, or, rather, it does not appear to. Before taking up specific
forms of zoning, a word about its limitations is in order. Since
zoning can strip a piece of propertyof much of its commercial value, it
is constantly under attack by people who want to realize the commercial
value. Local zoning boards are not always the staunchest defenders, and
what they propose they can dispose of. ~hen there are the courts; if
ordinances are not drafted with great care, they may be upset in a court
test. This is especially likely if the zoning has been pushed so far
as to be the taking of land without compensation.
Zoning cannot be used to compel people to keep land open simply because
it would be' nice for the community to have the land open, and zoning
which purports to do this is likely to produce a mirage, In some cases
sizable tracts of developable land have been designated as "open space
zones" and because the land is being kept open people assume the zoning
works. But the zoning has not kept the land open. What has kept it open
is the owners' disinclination to sell or develop prematurely. Later,
when the surrounding development has driven market prices sky high, the
owners are very likely to change their minds and the open space zoning
will collapse.
Another illusion to beware of is the idea that large lot zoning will
CODserve open space. It may preserve the character of a particular re-
sidential enclave but it provides no public open space and by requir-
ing large amounts of land for a house forces subdividers to leapfrog
further out into the countryside in search of space.
._"./.-/,,;;;.,,~.,"
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RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS 100 Leaves
FOR'" S(I C. L ~OECKEL B. B. 13< L. co.
Excerpt from Minutes, July 20, 1970
'~eeting called to discuss general annexation policy.
City Manager Wurl outlined the benefits to the property o,vner'and
City of annexation. Manager Wurl pointed out in the past some
annexations have met the City's subdivision regulations and some have
not, some problems can be solved prior to annexation and some you
correct after annexation,
Mr. Wurl request the feelings of Council as to whether Council desIred
an aggressive, very active or wait and see policy on annexations. Mr.
Wurl further outlined possible boundaries for annexations as the
Airport, Red Mountain and bottom of Independence Pass. Each annexation
will have to be weighed as to the advantage and disadvantages."
.-..
.-..
EXCERPT FROM CITY COUNCIL MINUTES August 10, 1970.
"Annexation Policy - Council agreed to take an agressive stand on
annexations and instructed Manager Wurl to subm t at the next meeting
proposed boundaries outlined on a map and an outline."
August 24, 1970
"Annexation Report - Manager Wurl submitted his recommendations on a map
of annexation to the west including up to Knollwood; to the north to in-
clude Red Mountain; to the west to include the industrial area (excluding
the airport) and als.o up Castle and Maroon to include the Marolt and
Thomas properties.
Councilman Comcowich moved that the City Council go on record of being in
favor of this annexation program with the boundaries as indicated with the
provision that the Planning and Zoning review this program for their co-
ments. Seconded by Councilman Walls. All in favor, motion carried,"
./-'~-
//
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Lorraine Graves, City Clerk
.'
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~ENERAL QUES1IONS ON ANNEXATION ~OLICY
1. Is it the City's policy to encourage annexation and accept all proper
petitions? If no, under what circumstances should Oity discourage
annexation?
2. Should the City require a minimum area? If yes, what minimum?
3. Should the City refuse an annexation because it could not furnish City
utilities within a given period? Define and explain time period?
4. Should the City refuse annexation because of extremely high costs in
providing municipal services to the area?
5. Should the city encourage annexation for the purpose of providing appro-
priate development controls? Was this a factor in the Riverside Annex?
Is it a factor in the Calderwood Annex?
6. Should the City have any general plan and policy indicating areas it
would like to annex lnthin the next few years?
7. Should the City encourage or require persons iiishing to annex to include
other properties which the owner may not want annexed?
8.
Hhat
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
is the best way of establishing boundary lines along County roads?
on the near side
on the far side
center of road
at least one lot depth from road
,,' .
17,
18.
19.
,'-"
'-,
Should the City charge an annexation filing fee? Vn10 pays for plats,
maps, copies of contracts, fact sheets, etc.?
How much time should be allowed for review of annexation petition be-
fore the City Council acts?
Should the City establish zoning at the time of annexation? Should it
adopt the same County zoning? llliat review would be needed to determine
if the County zoning should be changed?
20. Should the City require platting or sub-dividing of all undeveloped
land in the annexing area prior to annexation? Or should density
limits be substituted for platting?
21. Is metes and bounds sub-dividing allowed by the City?
22. Should the City set restrictions on the type of the development in
annexing areas where unusual topography, water oonditions, etc. limit
the suitability of the area for certain types of development?
2}. SJa-G.lW.G iiJa,a City est.a;b.Ush eJ<~a.-te.rrltQr,;j,a.l jOlrisd,i.etiQn Glve.r aJ.a.
land development within three miles of the City boundaries as allowed
by Colorado Revised Statutes, 1953, Chapter 139, Article 59?
Source: "Questionnaire on ":.nnexation Policy and Procedures" - Colorado
Municipal League
Comments: These questions should be applied to Riverside "illnex to determine
what policies have already been established and what has been neglected.
Then, apply the questions to CaldervTood ..nnex.
Although, East Aspen Patent area is not a true annexation, the effect
on the City will be that of the annexation of undeveloped territory.
p;r:ecedents e~tablished in the Riverside Annex .Till apply to East,".spen.
AS there is one tract of over 30 acres in East Aspen, it is vital that
sub-divisiqn standards and regulations be adopted.
It is necessary that we have standards of performance and their cost
on City services (e.g., costs per block for street paving, curbs and
gutter, maintenance, snow removal, etc,) in order to calculate costs
to City to supply services to people and areas.
It is necessary that a study be made of the assessments and revenues
in the City showing a breakdo~ between tourist, business and residen-
tial and old and new improvements,
Background Reading Available:
Municipal League releases on annexation, urban problems and re-
apportionment.
"Municipal Oosts and Revenues Resulting from Community Growth" - by
'iT. Isard and R. COU€:hl1;.~.
"The Planning Aspects of Annexation and of Service Areas" - by
M. Kurtz, Chief Research Planner, Denver, Colorado.